scholarly journals Maintenance of Cell Wall Integrity under High Salinity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 3260
Author(s):  
Jianwei Liu ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Shujie Long ◽  
Chunzhao Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Cell Wall Integrity ◽  
Maintenance System ◽  
Complex Biological Process ◽  
Cell Wall Organization ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions

Cell wall biosynthesis is a complex biological process in plants. In the rapidly growing cells or in the plants that encounter a variety of environmental stresses, the compositions and the structure of cell wall can be dynamically changed. To constantly monitor cell wall status, plants have evolved cell wall integrity (CWI) maintenance system, which allows rapid cell growth and improved adaptation of plants to adverse environmental conditions without the perturbation of cell wall organization. Salt stress is one of the abiotic stresses that can severely disrupt CWI, and studies have shown that the ability of plants to sense and maintain CWI is important for salt tolerance. In this review, we highlight the roles of CWI in salt tolerance and the mechanisms underlying the maintenance of CWI under salt stress. The unsolved questions regarding the association between the CWI and salt tolerance are discussed.

scholarly journals SWO1 modulates cell wall integrity under salt stress by interacting with importin ɑ in Arabidopsis

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhidan Wang ◽  
Mugui Wang ◽  
Changhong Yang ◽  
Lun Zhao ◽  
Guochen Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Double Mutant ◽  
Root Elongation ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Cell Wall Integrity ◽  
Root Growth Inhibition ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Root Tips

AbstractMaintenance of cell wall integrity is of great importance not only for plant growth and development, but also for the adaptation of plants to adverse environments. However, how the cell wall integrity is modulated under salt stress is still poorly understood. Here, we report that a nuclear-localized Agenet domain-containing protein SWO1 (SWOLLEN 1) is required for the maintenance of cell wall integrity in Arabidopsis under salt stress. Mutation in SWO1 gene results in swollen root tips, disordered root cell morphology, and root elongation inhibition under salt stress. The swo1 mutant accumulates less cellulose and pectin but more lignin under high salinity. RNA-seq and ChIP-seq assays reveal that SWO1 binds to the promoter of several cell wall-related genes and regulates their expression under saline conditions. Further study indicates that SWO1 interacts with importin ɑ IMPA1 and IMPA2, which are required for the import of nuclear-localized proteins. The impa1 impa2 double mutant also exhibits root growth inhibition under salt stress and mutations of these two genes aggravate the salt-hypersensitive phenotype of the swo1 mutant. Taken together, our data suggest that SWO1 functions together with importin ɑ to regulate the expression of cell wall-related genes, which enables plants to maintain cell wall integrity under high salinity.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic Analysis of Betula halophila in Response to Salt Stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 3412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fenjuan Shao ◽  
Lisha Zhang ◽  
Iain Wilson ◽  
Deyou Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Sphingolipid Metabolism ◽  
Sequencing Platform ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
High Salt Tolerance ◽  
Salt Overly Sensitive

Soil salinization is a matter of concern worldwide. It can eventually lead to the desertification of land and severely damage local agricultural production and the ecological environment. Betula halophila is a tree with high salt tolerance, so it is of importance to understand and discover the salt responsive genes of B. halophila for breeding salinity resistant varieties of trees. However, there is no report on the transcriptome in response to salt stress in B. halophila. Using Illumina sequencing platform, approximately 460 M raw reads were generated and assembled into 117,091 unigenes. Among these unigenes, 64,551 unigenes (55.12%) were annotated with gene descriptions, while the other 44.88% were unknown. 168 up-regulated genes and 351 down-regulated genes were identified, respectively. These Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) involved in multiple pathways including the Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) pathway, ion transport and uptake, antioxidant enzyme, ABA signal pathway and so on. The gene ontology (GO) enrichments suggested that the DEGs were mainly involved in a plant-type cell wall organization biological process, cell wall cellular component, and structural constituent of cell wall molecular function. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment showed that the top-four enriched pathways were ‘Fatty acid elongation’, ‘Ribosome’, ‘Sphingolipid metabolism’ and ‘Flavonoid biosynthesis’. The expression patterns of sixteen DEGs were analyzed by qRT-PCR to verify the RNA-seq data. Among them, the transcription factor AT-Hook Motif Nuclear Localized gene and dehydrins might play an important role in response to salt stress in B. halophila. Our results provide an important gene resource to breed salt tolerant plants and useful information for further elucidation of the molecular mechanism of salt tolerance in B. halophila.

Effect of Calcium on Salt Tolerance of Leaf Epidermal Cells of Ruppia maritima at High Salinity

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1174-1175
Author(s):  
A.D. Barnabas ◽  
R. Jagels ◽  
W.J. Przybylowicz ◽  
J. Mesjasz-Przybylowicz
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Transfer Cell ◽  
Ruppia Maritima ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Tolerance Mechanisms ◽  
Salt Glands

Ruppia maritima L. is a submerged halophyte which occurs frequently in estuaries where sodium chloride is the dominant salt. Unlike terrestrial halophytes, R. maritima does not possess any specialised salt-secreting structures such as salt glands. Knowledge of salt tolerance mechanisms in this plant is important to our understanding of its biology. In a previous study it was shown that leaf epidermal cells of R. maritima, which possess transfer cell characteristics, are implicated in salt regulation. In the present investigation, the effect of calcium (Ca) on salt tolerance of leaf epidermal cells was studied since Ca has been found to be an important factor in resistance to salt stress in terrestrial plants.Plants were grown in artificial seawater of high salinity (33%) and at two different Ca concentrations : 400 ppm (high Ca) and 100 ppm (low Ca).

scholarly journals InSaccharomyces cerevisiae, the Inositol Polyphosphate Kinase Activity of Kcs1p Is Required for Resistance to Salt Stress, Cell Wall Integrity, and Vacuolar Morphogenesis

2002 ◽  
Vol 277 (26) ◽  
pp. 23755-23763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyne Dubois ◽  
Bart Scherens ◽  
Fabienne Vierendeels ◽  
Melisa M. W. Ho ◽  
Francine Messenguy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Kinase Activity ◽  
Cell Wall Integrity ◽  
Polyphosphate Kinase ◽  
Inositol Polyphosphate

scholarly journals Salt tolerance involved candidate genes in rice: an integrative meta-analysis approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raheleh Mirdar Mansuri ◽  
Zahra-Sadat Shobbar ◽  
Nadali Babaeian Jelodar ◽  
Mohammadreza Ghaffari ◽  
Seyed Mahdi Mohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Analysis Approach ◽  
Regulation Of Transcription ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Cbs Domain ◽  
Cell Wall Organization

Abstract Background: Salinity, as one of the main abiotic stresses, critically threatens growth and fertility of main food crops including rice in the world. To get insight into the molecular mechanisms by which tolerant genotypes responds to the salinity stress, we propose an integrative meta-analysis approach to find the key genes involved in salinity tolerance. Herein, a genome-wide meta-analysis, using microarray and RNA-seq data was conducted which resulted in the identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under salinity stress at tolerant rice genotypes. DEGs were then confirmed by meta-QTL analysis and literature review. Results: A total of 3449 DEGs were detected in 46 meta-QTL positions, among which 1286, 86, 1729 and 348 DEGs were observed in root, shoot, seedling, and leaves tissues, respectively. Moreover, functional annotation of DEGs located in the meta-QTLs suggested some involved biological processes (e.g., ion transport, regulation of transcription, cell wall organization and modification as well as response to stress) and molecular function terms (e.g., transporter activity, transcription factor activity and oxidoreductase activity). Remarkably, 23 potential candidate genes were detected in Saltol and hotspot-regions overlying original QTLs for both yield components and ion homeostasis traits; among which, there were many unreported salinity-responsive genes. Some promising candidate genes were detected such as pectinesterase, peroxidase, transcription regulator, high-affinity potassium transporter, cell wall organization, protein serine/threonine phosphatase, and CBS domain cotaining protein. Conclusions: The obtained results indicated that, the salt tolerant genotypes use qualified mechanisms particularly in sensing and signalling of the salt stress, regulation of transcription, ionic homeostasis, and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) scavenging in response to the salt stress.

scholarly journals An AP2/ERF Gene, HuERF1, from Pitaya (Hylocereus undatus) Positively Regulates Salt Tolerance

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 4586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujie Qu ◽  
Quandong Nong ◽  
Shuguang Jian ◽  
Hongfang Lu ◽  
Mingyong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Salt Stress Tolerance ◽  
Response Factors ◽  
Ethylene Response ◽  
Hylocereus Undatus ◽  
Ethylene Response Factors

Pitaya (Hylocereus undatus) is a high salt-tolerant fruit, and ethylene response factors (ERFs) play important roles in transcription-regulating abiotic tolerance. To clarify the function of HuERF1 in the salt tolerance of pitaya, HuERF1 was heterogeneously expressed in Arabidopsis. HuERF1 had nuclear localization when HuERF1::GFP was expressed in Arabidopsis protoplasts and had transactivation activity when HuERF1 was expressed in yeast. The expression of HuERF1 in pitaya seedlings was significantly induced after exposure to ethylene and high salinity. Overexpression of HuERF1 in Arabidopsis conferred enhanced tolerance to salt stress, reduced the accumulation of superoxide (O2 · ¯ ) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and improved antioxidant enzyme activities. These results indicate that HuERF1 is involved in ethylene-mediated salt stress tolerance, which may contribute to the salt tolerance of pitaya.

scholarly journals Salt tolerance involved candidate genes in rice: an integrative meta-analysis approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raheleh Mirdar Mansuri ◽  
Zahra-Sadat Shobbar ◽  
Nadali Babaeian Jelodar ◽  
Mohammadreza Ghaffari ◽  
Seyed Mahdi Mohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Analysis Approach ◽  
Regulation Of Transcription ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Cbs Domain ◽  
Cell Wall Organization

Abstract Background Salinity, as one of the main abiotic stresses, critically threatens growth and fertility of main food crops including rice in the world. To get insight into the molecular mechanisms by which tolerant genotypes responds to the salinity stress, we propose an integrative meta-analysis approach to find the key genes involved in salinity tolerance. Herein, a genome-wide meta-analysis, using microarray and RNA-seq data was conducted which resulted in the identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under salinity stress at tolerant rice genotypes. DEGs were then confirmed by meta-QTL analysis and literature review. Results A total of 3449 DEGs were detected in 46 meta-QTL positions, among which 1286, 86, 1729 and 348 DEGs were observed in root, shoot, seedling, and leaves tissues, respectively. Moreover, functional annotation of DEGs located in the meta-QTLs suggested some involved biological processes (e.g., ion transport, regulation of transcription, cell wall organization and modification as well as response to stress) and molecular function terms (e.g., transporter activity, transcription factor activity and oxidoreductase activity). Remarkably, 23 potential candidate genes were detected in Saltol and hotspot-regions overlying original QTLs for both yield components and ion homeostasis traits; among which, there were many unreported salinity-responsive genes. Some promising candidate genes were detected such as pectinesterase, peroxidase, transcription regulator, high-affinity potassium transporter, cell wall organization, protein serine/threonine phosphatase, and CBS domain cotaining protein. Conclusions The obtained results indicated that, the salt tolerant genotypes use qualified mechanisms particularly in sensing and signalling of the salt stress, regulation of transcription, ionic homeostasis, and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) scavenging in response to the salt stress.

scholarly journals The FERONIA Receptor Kinase Maintains Cell-Wall Integrity during Salt Stress through Ca2+ Signaling

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 666-675.e5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Feng ◽  
Daniel Kita ◽  
Alexis Peaucelle ◽  
Heather N. Cartwright ◽  
Vinh Doan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Cell Wall Integrity ◽  
Receptor Kinase
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