Phenolic Profiles of Red Wine Relate to Vascular Endothelial Benefits Mediated by SIRT1 and SIRT6

Dietary phenolic compounds possess potent bioactivity against inflammatory pathways of chronic inflammatory conditions, such as type 2 diabetes. Here, the phenolic profile and bioactivity of Italian red wines Gaglioppo, Magliocco, and Nerello Mascalese were characterized. NMR, HPLC/UV-Vis and spectrophotometric characterization showed that Magliocco was the richest wine in monomeric anthocyanins (two-fold), catechins, and low molecular weight phenolics (LMWP). A positive correlation was observed between the polyphenolic content and antioxidant capacity (p < 0.05), with Magliocco displaying the highest antioxidant capacity (p < 0.01). In vitro evidence on the endothelial cell models of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia showed the ability of Magliocco to reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) (p < 0.01) and cytokine release (p < 0.01) and to upregulate SIRT1 and SIRT6 (p < 0.01). On the whole, the results indicated that the quantitative and qualitative phenolic profiles of red wines influence their in vitro beneficial effects on oxidative and proinflammatory milieu in endothelial cells, showing a positive modulation of SIRT1 and SIRT6, both implied in vascular aging.

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Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects of the Grifola frondosa Natural Compound o-Orsellinaldehyde on LPS-Challenged Murine Primary Glial Cells. Roles of NF-κβ and MAPK

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13060806 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 806

Author(s):

Sarah Tomas-Hernandez ◽

Jordi Blanco ◽

Santiago Garcia-Vallvé ◽

Gerard Pujadas ◽

María José Ojeda-Montes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Natural Compound ◽

Underlying Disease ◽

Grifola Frondosa ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Inflammatory Conditions ◽

Inflammatory Mechanism ◽

Inflammatory Phenotype ◽

Mice Brain ◽

Anti Inflammatory

In response to foreign or endogenous stimuli, both microglia and astrocytes adopt an activated phenotype that promotes the release of pro-inflammatory mediators. This inflammatory mechanism, known as neuroinflammation, is essential in the defense against foreign invasion and in normal tissue repair; nevertheless, when constantly activated, this process can become detrimental through the release of neurotoxic factors that amplify underlying disease. In consequence, this study presents the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of o-orsellinaldehyde, a natural compound found by an in silico approach in the Grifola frondosa mushroom, in astrocytes and microglia cells. For this purpose, primary microglia and astrocytes were isolated from mice brain and cultured in vitro. Subsequently, cells were exposed to LPS in the absence or presence of increasing concentrations of this natural compound. Specifically, the results shown that o-orsellinaldehyde strongly inhibits the LPS-induced inflammatory response in astrocytes and microglia by decreasing nitrite formation and downregulating iNOS and HO-1 expression. Furthermore, in microglia cells o-orsellinaldehyde inhibits NF-κB activation; and potently counteracts LPS-mediated p38 kinase and JNK phosphorylation (MAPK). In this regard, o-orsellinaldehyde treatment also induces a significant cell immunomodulation by repolarizing microglia toward the M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype. Altogether, these results could partially explain the reported beneficial effects of G. frondosa extracts on inflammatory conditions.

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ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES EVALUATION FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF APPLE VINEGAR WITH UNALCOHOLIC RED WINE CONCENTRATES ADDITION

Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Agriculture ◽

10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:1450 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 63 ◽

Author(s):

Mariana Atena Poiană ◽

I. Gergen ◽

Diana Moigrădean ◽

Viorica Târu ◽

Diana Dogaru

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Gallic Acid ◽

Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Red Wine ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Differential Method ◽

Cabernet Sauvignon ◽

Red Wines ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Monomeric Anthocyanins

In this paper it was obtained the apple vinegar with addition of red wines concentrates in different percents for to improve the antioxidant properties. For processing of red wine concentrates it was used the young red wines Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon. For resulted vinegar types were analyzed total acidity, extract, total antioxidant capacity (using FRAP method), total polyphenols amount (by Folin-Ciocalteu method) and monomeric anthocyanins (using pH-differential method). Polyphenols content from vinegar with Cabernet Sauvignon concentrates addition was situated in the range 0.74-3.42 mM gallic acid/L and for vinegar with red wine Merlot concentrates addition between 0.74-2.64 mM gallic acid/L. The antioxidant capacity was presented the values between 0.45-8.18 mM Fe2+/L for apple vinegar with Cabernet Sauvignon concentrates addition and between 0.45-6.69 mM Fe2+/L for vinegar with Merlot concentrate addition. The polyphenols content and monomeric anthocyanins content of apple vinegars with red wine concentrates increase in rapport with the percent of red wines concentrates added. The values of polyphenols content and total antioxidant capacity were more with approximate 20% in the case of vinegar with Cabernet Sauvignon concentrates addition comparatively with the case of vinegar with Merlot concentrates addition.

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Phenolic profile, in vitro antimicrobial activity and antioxidant capacity of Vaccinium meridionale Swartz pomace

Heliyon ◽

10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03845 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. e03845 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

G. Astrid Garzón ◽

Carlos Y. Soto ◽

Marcela López-R ◽

Kenneth M. Riedl ◽

Cindi R. Browmiller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Phenolic Profile ◽

In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity

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Phenolic Profile, Antioxidant, and Antidiabetic Potential Exerted by Millet Grain Varieties

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox9030254 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 254 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Fred Kwame Ofosu ◽

Fazle Elahi ◽

Eric Banan-Mwine Daliri ◽

Ramachandran Chelliah ◽

Hun Ju Ham ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Advanced Glycation Endproducts ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Phenolic Profile ◽

Glycation Endproducts ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Ic50 Values

This study evaluated the potential antioxidant and antidiabetic properties in vitro of four millet grain varieties cultivated in South Korea. The free fractions were tested for their total antioxidant capacity using 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS+) and 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assays, followed by α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) formation inhibition assays. The total phenolics, flavonoids, and condensed tannins in the free fractions ranged from 107.8 to 136.4 mg ferulic acid equivalent (FAE)/100 g, 101.3 to 115.8 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/100 g, and 17.65 to 59.54 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/100 g, respectively. Finger Italian millet had the highest total phenolic content (136.4 mg FAE/100 g) and flavonoid content (115.8 mg CE/100 g). Barnyard and finger Italian millet showed the highest DPPH (IC50 = 359.6 µg/mL and 436.25 µg/mL, respectively) and ABTS radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 362.40 µg/mL and 381.65 µg/mL, respectively). Similarly, finger Italian millet also exhibited significantly lower IC50 values for the percentage inhibition of α-glucosidase (18.07 µg/mL) and α-amylase (10.56 µg/mL) as compared with acarbose (IC50 = 59.34 µg/mL and 27.73 µg/mL, respectively) and AGEs formation (33.68 µg/mL) as compared with aminoguanidine (AG) (52.30 µg/mL). All eight phenolic compounds identified in finger Italian millet were flavonoids, with flavanols being the predominant subclass. Taken together, millet flavonoids play important roles in the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes, and hence finger Italian millet has the potential to be developed as a functional food.

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Metformin: A Potential Therapeutic Tool for Rheumatologists

Pharmaceuticals ◽

10.3390/ph13090234 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 234 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Teresa Salvatore ◽

Pia Clara Pafundi ◽

Raffaele Galiero ◽

Klodian Gjeloshi ◽

Francesco Masini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Adenosine Monophosphate ◽

Nuclear Factor Κb ◽

Janus Kinase ◽

Experimental Investigations ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Rheumatologic Diseases ◽

Inflammatory Conditions

Metformin is an oral antihyperglycemic drug widely used to treat type 2 diabetes, acting via indirect activation of 5′ Adenosine Monophosphate-activated Protein Kinase (AMPK). Actually, evidence has accumulated of an intriguing anti-inflammatory activity, mainly mediated by AMPK through a variety of mechanisms such as the inhibition of cytokine-stimulated Nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB) and the downregulation of the Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathways. Moreover, AMPK plays an important role in the modulation of T lymphocytes and other pivotal cells of the innate immune system. The current understanding of these AMPK effects provides a strong rationale for metformin repurposing in the management of autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. Several studies demonstrated metformin’s beneficial effects on both animal and human rheumatologic diseases, especially on rheumatoid arthritis. Unfortunately, even though data are large and remarkable, they almost exclusively come from experimental investigations with only a few from clinical trials. The lack of support from prospective placebo-controlled trials does not allow metformin to enter the therapeutic repertoire of rheumatologists. However, a large proportion of rheumatologic patients can currently benefit from metformin, such as those with concomitant obesity and type 2 diabetes, two conditions strongly associated with rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and gout, as well as those with diabetes secondary to steroid therapy.

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Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Inhibits Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor–Induced Migration and In Vitro Tube Formation of Human Endothelial Cells

Circulation Research ◽

10.1161/01.res.0000088358.99466.04 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 93 (5) ◽

pp. 438-447 ◽

Cited By ~ 85

Author(s):

Ralf Benndorf ◽

Rainer H. Böger ◽

Süleyman Ergün ◽

Anna Steenpass ◽

Thomas Wieland

Keyword(s):

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽

Endothelial Cells ◽

Angiotensin Ii ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Tube Formation ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Human Endothelial Cells ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor

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Meteorin-like (Metrnl) adipomyokine improves glucose tolerance in type 2 diabetes via AMPK pathway

10.1101/420489 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Jung Ok Lee ◽

Hye Jeong Lee ◽

Yong Woo Lee ◽

Jeong Ah Han ◽

Min Ju Kang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Glucose Metabolism ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Underlying Mechanism ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Ampk Pathway

AbstractMeteorin-like (metrnl) is a recently identified adipomyokine that has beneficial effects on glucose metabolism. However, its underlying mechanism of action is not completely understood. In this study, we have shown that a level of metrnl increase in vitro under electrical-pulse-stimulation (EPS) and in vivo in exercise mice, suggesting that metrnl is an exercise-induced myokine. In addition, metrnl increases glucose uptake through the calcium-dependent AMPK pathway. Metrnl also increases the phosphorylation of HDAC5, a transcriptional repressor of GLUT4, in an AMPK-dependent manner. Phosphorylated HDAC5 interacts with 14-3-3 proteins and sequesters them in the cytoplasm, resulting in the activation of GLUT4 transcription. The intraperitoneal injection of recombinant metrnl improves glucose tolerance in mice with high fat-induced obesity or type 2 diabetes (db/db), but this is not seen in AMPK β1β2 muscle-specific null mice (AMPK β1β2 MKO). In conclusion, we have demonstrated that metrnl induces beneficial effects on glucose metabolism via AMPK and is a promising therapeutic candidate for glucose-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes.

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Comparative In Vitro Antioxidant Capacity and Terpenoid Profiling of Pumpkin Fruit Pulps from a Serbian Cucurbita maxima and Cucurbita moschata Breeding Collection

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10101580 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 1580

Author(s):

Milorad Miljić ◽

Gabriele Rocchetti ◽

Sanja Krstić ◽

Aleksandra Mišan ◽

Milka Brdar-Jokanović ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Human Health ◽

Carotenoid Content ◽

Cucurbita Moschata ◽

Cucurbita Maxima ◽

Potential Health ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry ◽

Marker Compounds

Pumpkin is considered a healthy and functional food. The consumption of pumpkins and pumpkin-based foods has been shown to confer several beneficial effects on human health due to their antioxidant capacity and terpenoid content. Consequently, this study aimed to characterize the in vitro antioxidant capacity (using FRAP and ABTS assays), terpenoid profile (using an untargeted lipidomics approach via high-resolution UHPLC-Orbitrap mass spectrometry), and carotenoid content (by HPLC-DAD) in pumpkin fruit pulp from accessions differing for species (11 Cucurbita maxima and 9 Cucurbita moschata), cultivar, and origin, belonging to a Serbian breeding collection. These accessions are candidates for inclusion within programs intended to improve pumpkin fruit quality. The results obtained in this work allowed us to highlight the best marker compounds, discriminating both the region of accession collection or breeding (“origin”) and the plant species. Furthermore, our findings have helped to identify the most suitable antioxidant-rich varieties to select for national breeding programs for improving human health. These findings provide valuable information to the overall current understanding of the potential health benefits of pumpkins and the discriminant triterpenoids underlying the C. maxima and C. moschata accessions investigated here, which include those of Serbian and non-Serbian origin.

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Evidence for paracrine/autocrine regulation of GLP-1-producing cells

AJP Cell Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpcell.00227.2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 305 (10) ◽

pp. C1041-C1049 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Camilla Kappe ◽

Qimin Zhang ◽

Jens J. Holst ◽

Thomas Nyström ◽

Åke Sjöholm

Keyword(s):

Cell Viability ◽

Insulin Signaling ◽

Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Novel Drugs ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), secreted from gut L cells upon nutrient intake, forms the basis for novel drugs against type 2 diabetes (T2D). Secretion of GLP-1 has been suggested to be impaired in T2D and in conditions associated with hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance. Further, recent studies support lipotoxicity of GLP-1-producing cells in vitro. However, little is known about the regulation of L-cell viability/function, the effects of insulin signaling, or the potential effects of stable GLP-1 analogs and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. We determined effects of insulin as well as possible autocrine action of GLP-1 on viability/apoptosis of GLP-1-secreting cells in the presence/absence of palmitate, while also assessing direct effects on function. The studies were performed using the GLP-1-secreting cell line GLUTag, and palmitate was used to simulate hyperlipidemia. Our results show that palmitate induced production of reactive oxygen species and caspase-3 activity and reduced cell viability are significantly attenuated by preincubation with insulin/exendin-4. The indicated lipoprotective effect of insulin/exendin-4 was not detectable in the presence of the GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) antagonist exendin (9–39) and attenuated in response to pharmacological inhibition of exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac) signaling, while protein kinase A inhibition had no significant effect. Insulin/exendin-4 also significantly stimulate acute and long-term GLP-1 secretion in the presence of glucose, suggesting novel beneficial effects of insulin signaling and GLP-1R activation on glycemia through enhanced mass of GLP-1-producing cells and enhanced GLP-1 secretion. In addition, the effects of insulin indicate that not only is GLP-1 important for insulin secretion but altered insulin signaling may contribute to an altered GLP-1 secretion.

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