scholarly journals Adiponectin and Asthma: Knowns, Unknowns and Controversies

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8971
Author(s):  
Marina Ruxandra Otelea ◽  
Oana Cristina Arghir ◽  
Corina Zugravu ◽  
Agripina Rascu
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Acquired Immunity ◽  
Vascular Protection ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Healthy Obese ◽  
Cellular Pathways ◽  
The Impact

Adiponectin is an adipokine associated with the healthy obese phenotype. Adiponectin increases insulin sensitivity and has cardio and vascular protection actions. Studies related to adiponectin, a modulator of the innate and acquired immunity response, have suggested a role of this molecule in asthma. Studies based on various asthma animal models and on the key cells involved in the allergic response have provided important insights about this relation. Some of them indicated protection and others reversed the balance towards negative effects. Many of them described the cellular pathways activated by adiponectin, which are potentially beneficial for asthma prevention or for reduction in the risk of exacerbations. However, conclusive proofs about their efficiency still need to be provided. In this article, we will, briefly, present the general actions of adiponectin and the epidemiological studies supporting the relation with asthma. The main focus of the current review is on the mechanisms of adiponectin and the impact on the pathobiology of asthma. From this perspective, we will provide arguments for and against the positive influence of this molecule in asthma, also indicating the controversies and sketching out the potential directions of research to complete the picture.

Social capital and national innovation system: a cross-country analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepehr Ghazinoory ◽  
Ali Bitaab ◽  
Ardeshir Lohrasbi
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
National Level ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Purpose – In the last two decades, researchers have paid much attention to the role of cultural values on economic and social development. In particular, the crucial role of different aspects of culture on the development of innovation has been stressed in the literature. Consequently, it is vital to understand how social capital, as a core cultural value, affects the innovation process and the innovative performance at the national level. However, to date, the impact of different dimensions of social capital and innovation has not been properly portrayed or explained. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of four different dimensions of social capital (institutional and interpersonal, associational life and norms) on two of the main functions of national innovation system (NIS) (entrepreneurship and knowledge creation) based on over 50,000 observations in 34 countries. Design/methodology/approach – In this regard, national-level data from the World Values Survey database was employed to quantify social capital. Entrepreneurship is, in turn, assumed to consist of three sub-indexes and 14 indicators based on the Global Entrepreneurship Index. Knowledge creation is also measured through US Patent Office applications. Also, exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling approach were used to build the measurement model and investigate the impact that each factor of social capital had on entrepreneurship and knowledge application, respectively. Measurement and structural models were built and their reliability and validity were tested using various fit indices. Research findings suggest the strong positive effect of institutional trust and networking on entrepreneurship. Also, interpersonal trust and networks were shown to have high influence on knowledge development at the national level. Norms appear to have naïve to medium negative effects on both functions. Findings – Research findings suggest the strong positive effect of institutional trust and networking on entrepreneurship. Also, interpersonal trust and networks were shown to have high influence on knowledge development at the national level. Norms appear to have naïve to medium negative effects on both functions. Originality/value – However, to date, the impact of different dimensions of social capital and innovation has not been properly portrayed or explained.

The effect of consumers' religiosity on consumer ethics: the mediating role of ethical ideology

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Denni Arli ◽  
Fandy Tjiptono
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Ethics ◽  
Ethical Ideology ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Consumer Ethics Scale ◽  
The Impact

PurposeReligious doctrines generally encourage people to behave ethically. However, in daily life, individuals notice inconsistencies between religious beliefs and behavior, leading them to ask, in the context of commerce, why religious consumers would behave unethically. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of consumers' intrinsic and extrinsic religiosity on their ethical behavior. Specifically, the moderating effect of ethical ideology on the relationship between Indonesian consumers' religiosity and their ethics was examined by means of a survey.Design/methodology/approachThe data derived from the questionnaire were complemented by convenience samples of Indonesians living in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) in central Java. The researchers distributed 600 questionnaires in two major shopping malls and several housing areas in the region, of which 467 were completed and returned, for an overall response rate of 77.8%.FindingsThe results indicated that the participants' intrinsic religiosity negatively impacted their ethical beliefs and was mediated by their idealistic ethical ideology. The present study also found that idealism had negative effects on three of the four dimensions of the consumer ethics scale (CES) (actively benefiting, passively benefiting and questionable behavior), while relativism had positive effects on two of the dimensions (passively benefiting and questionable behavior.Research limitations/implicationsOne limitation of the present study was that the analysis did not distinguish among the religions practiced by the respondents to the questionnaire.Originality/valueThis is one of the first few studies investigating the mediating role of ethical ideology in a religious society. This study contributes to the literature on these issues in theoretical and managerial terms by extending the Hunt-Vitell theory (1986) to the context of consumer ethics.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF PERCEIVED ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY ON TOURISTS’ INTENTION TO VISIT GREEN HOTEL: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF ATTITUDE

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Ataul Karim PATWARY ◽  
◽  
Hamimi OMAR ◽  
Shaharuddin TAHIR ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Environmental Responsibility ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Green Hotel ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Green Hotels

Although the hospitality and tourism industries contribute considerably to every country's economy, at the same time, it has negative effects on the climate. Hotel industry operations consume enormous amounts of energy which eventually contribute to environmental degradation. Hotel operations do not only cause environmental issues, but customers also play a significant role in creating these issues. Scholars, mainly in this field, have investigated the causes of environmental degradation from the perspective of hotel operations rather than customers. Therefore, this study aims to examine the influence of perceived environmental responsibility on tourists' attitude and intention to visit green hotels in Malaysia. It further examined the mediating role of attitude in between perceived environmental responsibility and intention. The study used a quantitative research design and interviewed 393 international tourists in Malaysia using systematic random sampling. For analysis techniques, the study used Structural Equation Modelling by PLS-SEM. The study found that consumers' perceived environmental responsibility influences significantly on tourists' attitude and intention. It also revealed that consumers' attitude mediates the in-between perceived environmental responsibility and intention to visit green hotels in Malaysia.

scholarly journals PFAS Environmental Pollution and Antioxidant Responses: An Overview of the Impact on Human Field

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Bonato ◽  
Francesca Corrà ◽  
Marta Bellio ◽  
Laura Guidolin ◽  
Laura Tallandini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Environmental Distribution ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
The Impact

Due to their unique properties, perfluorinated substances (PFAS) are widely used in multiple industrial and commercial applications, but they are toxic for animals, humans included. This review presents some available data on the PFAS environmental distribution in the world, and in particular in Europe and in Veneto region of Italy, where it has become a serious problem for human health. The consumption of contaminated food and drinking water is considered one of the major source of exposure for humans. Worldwide epidemiological studies report the negative effects that PFAS have on human health, due to environmental pollution, including infertility, steroid hormone perturbation, thyroid, liver and kidney disorders and metabolic disfunctions. In vitro and in vivo researches correlated PFAS exposure to oxidative stress effects (in mammals as well as in other vertebrates of human interest), produced by a PFAS-induced increase of reactive oxygen species formation. The cellular antioxidant defense system is activated by PFAS, but it is only partially able to avoid the oxidative damage to biomolecules.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON INDUSTRY 4.0 IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

InterConf ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Bohdana Hunko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Technology Industry ◽  
World Economic ◽  
The Impact

The paper analyzes the role of Industry 4.0 in the process of overcoming the global economy from the crisis situation associated with the total Covid-19 pandemic. The aspect of economic profitability of using the technologies of the fourth industrial revolution to improve world economic development in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic was also identified. The author identified the positive and negative consequences of the involvement of technology Industry 4.0, on the basis of which a number of recommendations for small and medium-sized businesses were formed in order to quickly overcome the negative effects of the crisis. Based on the work, the author formulated a number of trends and prospects for global economic development, taking into account the current conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Organisation design and the role of ICT: Negative effects of working from home during the coronavirus pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ernad Kahrović ◽  
Emina Kahrović
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Role ◽  
Organization Design ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Work From Home ◽  
Working From Home ◽  
New Organizational Forms ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Impact Of Technology ◽  
The Impact

The goal of the paper is to point to the role and importance of organization design as a tool for strategy implementation, together with a dominant, role of technology in shaping the design. Namely, the development, of modern information and communication technology (ICT) is accompanied by the creation of new organizational forms, which enable the management, and employees to carry out, a significant, portion of work from home. The central focus of this paper is the impact, of technology on the creation of new forms of design, with a virtual organization taking up a particularly prominent, position. We underline the fact, that, among many changes that, the coronavirus pandemic has produced in everyday life, working from home can be considered as the most, drastic one; hence, its harmful effects are underscored, such as those relating to negative psychological effects, anxiety disorders, health issues, job loss, decreased efficiency and reduced satisfaction of the employees.

scholarly journals ĐA DẠNG SINH KẾ VỚI KHẢ NĂNG PHỤC HỒI SAU SỰ CỐ Ô NHIỄM MÔI TRƯỜNG BIỂN FORMOSA 2016 ĐỐI VỚI NGƯ DÂN KHAI THÁC THỦY SẢN GẦN BỜ TỈNH THỪA THIÊN HUẾ

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 2075-2084
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Ngọc Truyền ◽  
Trần Cao Úy ◽  
Nguyễn Viết Tuân
Keyword(s):  
Positive Influence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Income Loss ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Resilience Capacity ◽  
Impact Duration

Nghiên cứu này xem xét vai trò của đa dạng sinh kế đến “năng lực chống chịu” của hộ khai thác thủy sản biển ven bờ bị ảnh hưởng bởi sự cố môi trường biển Formosa năm 2016. Năng lực chống chịu của hộ được thể hiện thông qua mức độ tác động của sự cố và sự phục hồi sau sự cố. Các hộ được chọn nghiên cứu là hộ khai thác thủy sản biển gần bờ tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế gồm nhóm chuyên khai thác thủy sản (KTTS) không đa dạng và nhóm KTTS đa dạng sinh kế. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, thời gian ảnh hưởng của sự cố đến nhóm hộ chuyên KTTS dài hơn nhóm hộ KTTS đa dạng sinh kế. Mặc dù giá trị thiệt hại về thu nhập của nhóm hộ KTTS đa dạng sinh kế cao hơn (khoảng 307,53 triệu đồng), nhưng tỷ lệ thiệt hại so với thu nhập của nhóm hộ này thấp hơn so với nhóm hộ chuyên KTTS (107,1% so với 123,31%). Sau 30 tháng, nhóm KTTS đa dạng sinh kế có quá trình phục hồi tốt hơn với tỷ lệ giá trị thu nhập phục hồi khoảng 77,88%, cao hơn khoảng 10% so với nhóm còn lại. Đa dạng sinh kế của hộ KTTS được xem là yếu tố ảnh hưởng tích cực nâng cao năng lực chống chịu của hộ đối với sự cố môi trường và phục hồi các hoạt động sinh kế. ABSTRACT This study examined the role of livelihood diversity on the resilience capacity of coastal fishing households affected by the Formosa incident in 2016. The resilience capacity of househoulds was characterized by the impact level of the incident and post-incident recovery. The households selected in this study were nearshore fishing groups in Thua Thien Hue province, including two fishing groups of undiversified and diversified livelihood. The results showed that the impact duration of the incident on undiversified livelihood fishery group was longer than that on the diversified livelihood group. Although the value of income loss of the households group with diversification was higher (about 307.53 million VND), the rate of income loss of this group was lower than that of their counterparts (107.1% compared to 123.31%). After 30 months, the diversified livelihood group had better recovery with the proportion of income recovered at roughly 77.88%, about 10% higher than that of the other group. Diversified livelihood of fishing households was considered as the positive influence on improving their resilience to environmental incidents and restoration of livelihood activities.  

Performance of Mid-Size Internationalized Indian Firms: Evaluating the Role of Family Control

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 387-400
Author(s):  
Faisal M Ahsan ◽  
Ajay Singal
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Firms ◽  
International Expansion ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Family Control ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Performance Heterogeneity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Degree Of Internationalization

The rapidly growing and gradual emergence of multinational firms from the Indian sub-continent now calls for thorough re-understandings of extant theories and existing ideologies of the ‘internationalization’ process. We would initially assess the three-stage model of internationalization in the context of mid-size Indian firms and intend to investigate the relationship between performance and degree of internationalization. Based on the longitudinal dataset (2005-12) of publicly listed firms, our findings suggested that mid-size firms remained stuck up in the first stage of internationalization and accordingly exhibit a downward-sloping relationship between internationalization’s degree and performance. Most of the mid-size firms continued to show a predominantly family-controlled stance, and the impact of family ownership shows negative effects on the degree of internationalization. By examining the performance heterogeneity in family-owned firms towards internationalization, this paper enriches the existing body of research and assume it to be a prolific addition in the literature on international expansion.

The Effect of Big Data Analytic Capabilities Upon Bank Performance via FinTech Innovation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 62-87
Author(s):  
Ahmed Al-Dmour ◽  
Rand H. Al-Dmour ◽  
Hani H. Al-Dmour ◽  
Eatadal Basheer Ahmadamin
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Bank Performance ◽  
Senior Managers ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to examine and validate the impact of big data analytical capabilities (individual, organizational, and technological) on bank performance via the mediating role of Fintech innovation in commercial banks operating in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Based on a literature review, resource-based theory, and financial innovation theory, an integrated conceptual framework was developed to guide the study. A quantitative survey approach was used, and the data was collected from 236 banks' senior managers (IT, financial, and marketers). Amos 21 structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze and verify the study variables. The main findings revealed that big data analytical capabilities had a significant positive influence on bank performance. Fintech innovation acted as partial mediators in this relationship.

Political Calling in an Age of Technology

2019 ◽  
pp. 41-70
Author(s):  
George Pattison
Keyword(s):  
Public Discourse ◽  
Personal Relationship ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
The Impact

The modern world has been marked by a recurring sense of the degradation of language. According to Hannah Arendt, for whom the possibility of politics is interdependent with the possibility of authentic speech, this generates a political crisis, connected to the role of science in contemporary society. The impact of science on the language of public discourse is further explored through Habermas and Uwe Poerksen. Their analyses receive added force through the development of new communications technologies that are proving fateful both for individuals and their personal relationship as well as for political life. Though acknowledging the optimism still associated with these technologies in some quarters, the chapter asks how we can protect against their negative effects. The thought of Byung-Chul Han is used to identify the need for attentive listening and a sense of the uniqueness of the human countenance and name to counter the digital shitstorm.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document