scholarly journals NCs-Delivered Pesticides: A Promising Candidate in Smart Agriculture

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 13043
Author(s):  
Qiuli Hou ◽  
Hanqiao Zhang ◽  
Lixia Bao ◽  
Zeyu Song ◽  
Changpeng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
Application Mode ◽  
Protection Strategies ◽  
Smart Agriculture ◽  
Harsh Condition

Pesticides have been used extensively in the field of plant protection to maximize crop yields. However, the long-term, unmanaged application of pesticides has posed severe challenges such as pesticide resistance, environmental contamination, risk in human health, soil degradation, and other important global issues. Recently, the combination of nanotechnology with plant protection strategies has offered new perspectives to mitigate these global issues, which has promoted a rapid development of NCs-based pesticides. Unlike certain conventional pesticides that have been applied inefficiently and lacked targeted control, pesticides delivered by nanocarriers (NCs) have optimized formulations, controlled release rate, and minimized or site-specific application. They are receiving increasing attention and are considered as an important part in sustainable and smart agriculture. This review discussed the limitation of traditional pesticides or conventional application mode, focused on the sustainable features of NCs-based pesticides such as improved formulation, enhanced stability under harsh condition, and controlled release/degradation. The perspectives of NCs-based pesticides and their risk assessment were also suggested in this view for a better use of NCs-based pesticides to facilitate sustainable, smart agriculture in the future.

Long-term effects of controlled release urea application on crop yields and soil fertility under rice-oilseed rape rotation system

2015 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jibiao Geng ◽  
Yunbao Sun ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Chengliang Li ◽  
Yuechao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Rotation System ◽  
Controlled Release Urea

scholarly journals Design and Application of Slow-Release Pesticide Formulations Embedded in a Biodegradable Matrix Based on Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate)

2019 ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana V. Prudnikova ◽  
Tatiana G. Volova
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Fungicidal Action ◽  
Pesticide Formulations ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Melilotus Albus

The latest trend in agriculture is the development and application of environmentally friendly pesticides with targeted and controlled release of active ingredients embedded in biodegradable polymer bases. In this work, a series of experimental slow-release pesticide formulations was produced using composites of degradable polyester poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and natural materials as a matrix for embedding two agrochemicals – a fungicide (tebuconazole) and an herbicide (metribuzin). The structure, physicochemical properties and degradation rate of long-term formulations and the kinetics of active ingredient release from the matrix were studied in laboratory soil microecosystems. The experimental formulations allowed for a gradual release of agrochemicals into the soil for two months without abrupt emissions, providing long-term plant protection against pathogens and weeds. In contrast to the free forms of the agrochemicals, the analysis showed an absence of noticeable shifts and negative impacts on soil bacterial communities with the introduction of the developed formulations. The fungicidal action of long-term tebuconazole was confirmed on model Triticum aestivum plants infected with a complex of root rot pathogens (Alternaria, Fusarium, and Bipolaris). The efficacy of embedded metribuzin on model Melilotus albus weeds was comparable to that of the free forms of this herbicide. This work has produced new data on biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoates for constructing long-term formulations of agropreparations. The fundamentals have been provided for constructing environmentally friendly and targeted controlled-release formulations of crop protection products against pathogens and weeds

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF BIOLOGIZATION FACTORS ON THE YIELD OF WINTER RYE IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE KAMA OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Марсель Ахметзянов ◽  
Marsel Akhmetzyanov
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
The Republic

The research was carried out on the experimental field of the General Agriculture, Plant protection and Selection Department of Kazan State Agrarian University by bookmarking a long-term in-patient experience. Research was conducted on two bookmarks of the stationary experience of General Agriculture Department in the links of the crop rotation of fallows - winter rye. The following issues were laid and studied at the station: crop rotations, nutrition backgrounds, soil cultivation. One of the tasks, set before the research, was to determine the effect of embedding biological agents into the soil on the indices of soil fertility and on crop yields in crop rotations. Nutrients contributed to the formation of a higher crop, even in the absence of fertilizers, for example, the straw yield was generated 22.5 centner per hectare, and with the use of intermediate syderat - 23.6, while without biogenes - 20.08 centner per hectare. A comparatively high yield was obtained with the use of siderate for a combined treatment system - 26.7 centner per hectare. When the estimated doses of mineral fertilizers were applied into the soil in terms of biologic background, the winter rye productivity increased even further, the increase to the background without fertilizers was 9.6-14.0 centner per hectare.

Long-Term Effects of Controlled-Release Urea on Crop Yields and Soil Fertility under Wheat-Corn Double Cropping Systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 1703-1716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenkui Zheng ◽  
Changling Sui ◽  
Zhiguang Liu ◽  
Jibiao Geng ◽  
Xiaofei Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Double Cropping ◽  
Controlled Release Urea

ISSUES OF GREENING THE LAND USE SYSTEM IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
The Creation

Soil protection in agrolandscapes is especially necessary in conditions of intensification of production and increasing anthropogenic pressure on them. This complex should fit into the landscape farming system. The more intensive the load on the land in the farm, the higher the level of soil protection against destruction. The article notes that raising soil fertility, increasing crop yields and ecological environmental improvement are possible only on the basis of agrolandscape farming system, which allows to establish the correct ratio of arable land, meadows and forests. The transition to such a system of agriculture requires: development of a project for agrolandscape land management with a set of anti-erosion measures for each farm; adjusting the structure of sown areas taking into account market conditions, that is, increasing the area of productive crops in demand (winter and spring wheat, perennial grasses), which in combination with occupied and green manure pairs determine the structure of biologized crop rotation; widespread use of legumes (peas, vetch) as factors in the biologization of agriculture. The efficiency of expanding the area of perennial grasses to 25 % of arable land in some areas of the Non-Chernozem region and the Belgorod region is shown. Here, techniques that increase the efficiency of arable land are based on strict adherence to crop rotation with legumes, the use of adaptive varieties, and the use of biologized fertilizer and plant protection systems. It is noted that the creation of a system of shelterbelts makes it possible to reduce the cost of planting and growing them in comparison with single forest belts and what is very important for farmers is to sharply increase the return on their exploitation in the form of increased increases in crop yields. The creation of forest-sized landscapes will improve the environmental conditions for the cultivation of crops.

scholarly journals Time-Based Corporate-Social-Responsibility Evaluation Model Taking Chinese Listed Forestry Companies as an Example

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7971
Author(s):  
Xinfei Li ◽  
Baodong Cheng ◽  
Heng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Entropy Method ◽  
Static State ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Normative Constraints ◽  
Corporate Social

With the rapid development of the economy, corporate social responsibility (CSR) is receiving increasing attention from companies themselves, but also increasing attention from society as a whole. How to reasonably evaluate the performance of CSR is a current research hotspot. Existing corporate-social-responsibility evaluation methods mostly focus on the static evaluation of enterprises in the industry, and do not take the time factor into account, which cannot reflect the performance of long-term CSR. On this basis, this article proposes a time-based entropy method that can evaluate long-term changes in CSR. Studies have shown that the completion of CSR in a static state does not necessarily reflect the dynamic and increasing trend of CSR in the long term. Therefore, the assessment of CSR should consider both the static and dynamic aspects of a company. In addition, the research provides the focus of different types of forestry enterprises in fulfilling CSR in the long term, and provides a clearer information path for the standard identification and normative constraints of different types of forestry enterprises CSR.

scholarly journals High-Throughput Phenotyping Methods for Breeding Drought-Tolerant Crops

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 8266
Author(s):  
Minsu Kim ◽  
Chaewon Lee ◽  
Subin Hong ◽  
Song Lim Kim ◽  
Jeong-Ho Baek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
High Throughput Phenotyping

Drought is a main factor limiting crop yields. Modern agricultural technologies such as irrigation systems, ground mulching, and rainwater storage can prevent drought, but these are only temporary solutions. Understanding the physiological, biochemical, and molecular reactions of plants to drought stress is therefore urgent. The recent rapid development of genomics tools has led to an increasing interest in phenomics, i.e., the study of phenotypic plant traits. Among phenomic strategies, high-throughput phenotyping (HTP) is attracting increasing attention as a way to address the bottlenecks of genomic and phenomic studies. HTP provides researchers a non-destructive and non-invasive method yet accurate in analyzing large-scale phenotypic data. This review describes plant responses to drought stress and introduces HTP methods that can detect changes in plant phenotypes in response to drought.

scholarly journals Application of a 1 km2 resolution model for climate change effects upon Benin and Nigeria vegetable agriculture

GEOMATICA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 93-106
Author(s):  
Colin Minielly ◽  
O. Clement Adebooye ◽  
P.B. Irenikatche Akponikpe ◽  
Durodoluwa J. Oyedele ◽  
Dirk de Boer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Climate Modelling ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Amaranthus Cruentus ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
Climate Change Effects

Climate change and food security are complex global issues that require multidisciplinary approaches to resolve. A nexus exists between both issues, especially in developing countries, but little prior research has successfully bridged the divide. Existing resolutions to climate change and food security are expensive and resource demanding. Climate modelling is at the forefront of climate change literature and development planning, whereas agronomy research is leading food security plans. The Benin Republic and Nigeria have grown and developed in recent years but may not have all the tools required to implement and sustain long-term food security in the face of climate change. The objective of this paper is to describe the development and outputs of a new model that bridges climate change and food security. Data from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s 5th Regional Assessment (IPCC AR5) were combined with a biodiversity database to develop the model to derive these outputs. The model was used to demonstrate what potential impacts climate change will have on the regional food security by incorporating agronomic data from four local underutilized indigenous vegetables (Amaranthus cruentus L., Solanum macrocarpon L., Telfairia occidentalis Hook f., and Ocimum gratissimum L.). The model shows that, by 2099, there is significant uncertainty within the optimal recommendations that originated from the MicroVeg project. This suggests that MicroVeg will not have long-term success for food security unless additional options (e.g., new field trials, shifts in vegetable grown) are considered, creating the need for need for more dissemination tools.

scholarly journals Solid Dispersions of Anthelmintics and Plant Protection Preparations

Solids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-75
Author(s):  
Salavat S. Khalikov
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Solid Dispersions ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Poorly Soluble

Because of the rapid development of nanotechnologies, materials, in particular, solid dispersions (SDs), which are actively introduced into the life of modern man, have been obtained. Special progress in this area is observed in industry and medicine. The use of SDs in agriculture is lagging far behind, despite the growing number of scientific papers on this topic. At the same time, the prospects for the introduction of SDs in the agro-industrial complex are obvious. The review presents the results of research on the development of innovative preparations based on SD to protect plants from diseases and pests of cultivated plants, as well as parasiticides to protect animal health based on modern achievements of nanotechnology. One of these technologies is the methods of mechanochemistry, which improve the properties of poorly soluble biologically active substances by their joint mechanical treatment with water-soluble polymers and auxiliary substances.

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