scholarly journals Efficiency of Teeth Bleaching after Regenerative Endodontic Treatment: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 316
Author(s):  
Irini Fagogeni ◽  
Tomasz Falgowski ◽  
Joanna Metlerska ◽  
Mariusz Lipski ◽  
Maciej Górski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Barrier Materials ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Regenerative Endodontic Treatment

The aim of this review is to evaluate of effectiveness of bleaching procedures used to treat discolored teeth subsequent to regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) based on the review of in vitro and in vivo studies. This literature review was carried out according to the PRISMA guidelines. Four databases (PubMed, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases) were searched electronically, until 30 January 2020 without a year limit. The quality of studies was assessed using a modified methodological index for non-randomized studies. After analyzing 1405 studies, 6 in vitro and 9 in vivo studies were eligible for this review. In in vitro studies, effectiveness of bleaching was assessed in teeth discolored by antibiotic pastes, blood, and barrier materials in various combinations. In all analyzed studies, bleaching was effective in teeth discolored by antibiotic pastes as well as by blood and barrier materials. Of 26 treated teeth in the in vivo studies, 17 teeth were bleached successfully. In six cases, there was improvement of the shade. In three cases, bleaching was not sufficient. Bleaching material, techniques, and times differed between studies. Whitening of discolored teeth after REPs is achievable. However, to establish precise guidelines, further long-term clinical studies should be performed.

scholarly journals Reflections on melatonin: focus on child mental health

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 444-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwole Famuyiwa ◽  
Abiodun Adewuya
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Child And Adolescent Psychiatry ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Intervention Programme ◽  
Library Resource ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Aims and MethodTo examine the propriety of the use of melatonin in child and adolescent psychiatry based on findings retrieved from multiple electronic databases including the Cochrane Library resource, covering 1950–2007.ResultsThere is evidence for the effectiveness of melatonin in the initiation of sleep in children with a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders but its value in improving quality of sleep is doubtful. Like hormones in general, melatonin has multifarious action sites and hence potential for many side-effects. Posological issues and long-term side-effects are yet to be validly determined.Clinical ImplicationsSleep hygiene should be a major component of the routine intervention programme for insomnia and melatonin judiciously prescribed until the safety of long-term use is known.

scholarly journals Targeting Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway for Developing Therapies for Hair Loss

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bu Young Choi
Keyword(s):  
Hair Loss ◽  
Hair Growth ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Intracellular Targets ◽  
Remarkable Progress ◽  
Made In

Persistent hair loss is a major cause of psychological distress and compromised quality of life in millions of people worldwide. Remarkable progress has been made in understanding the molecular basis of hair loss and identifying valid intracellular targets for designing effective therapies for hair loss treatment. Whereas a variety of growth factors and signaling pathways have been implicated in hair cycling process, the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays a central role in hair follicle regeneration. Several plant-derived chemicals have been reported to promote hair growth by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling in various in vitro and in vivo studies. This mini-review sheds light on the role of Wnt/β-catenin in promoting hair growth and the current progress in designing hair loss therapies by targeting this signaling pathway.

Nontoxic Silicon Nanocrystals and Nanodiamonds as Substitution for Harmful Quantum Dots

2009 ◽  
Vol 1241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Fucikova ◽  
Jan Valenta ◽  
Ivan Pelant ◽  
Vitezslav Brezina
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Silicon Nanocrystals ◽  
Nanocrystalline Silicon ◽  
Semiconductor Quantum Dots ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Long Term Stability

AbstractThe commercially available semiconductor quantum dots have been proven to be slightly to significantly toxic by recent publications depending on the chemical composition. We are developing new non-toxic fluorescent labels based on (i) nanocrystalline silicon, suitable for in vivo studies due to their biodegrability, and on (ii) nanodiamonds, intended mainly for in vitro use due to their long-term stability and nondegradilibity.

scholarly journals Treatment of Dental Caries with Diamine Silver Fluoride: Literature Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Marília Franco Punhagui ◽  
Jaqueline Costa Favaro ◽  
Beatriz Brandão Sacarpelli ◽  
Ricardo Danil Guiraldo ◽  
Murilo Baena Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Caries Prevention ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Silver Diamine Fluoride ◽  
Non Invasive

AbstractBrazilian health care programs recommend the use of cariostatic solutions of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) or sodium fluoride varnishes for children 0 to 3 years old with high or moderate caries activity for the control of caries lesions. SDF is a safe, economical, efficient and non-invasive coadjuvant agent, exerting an antibacterial action capable of reducing superficial mineral loss of the enamel and can be used in the treatment of deciduous and permanent teeth. The objective of this literature review was to gather current information on describing the mechanism of SDF action’ and its clinical application in young children in caries prevention and paralysis. The PubMed / Medline and Cochrane Library databases were accessed by identifying the relevant studies published in English from 1960 to May 2017. The search strategy employed the keywords: “Silver diamine fluoride” and “Children “or “Infant” and “Caries prevention”. Data extraction was performed in: 19 in vitro studies; 10 review articles and 8 in vivo studies. It was possible to conclude that SDF is almost twice as effective compared to fluoride varnish in caries paralysis. However, the contact time of the solution and the optimal frequency of application of the SDF are still undefined, inducing new projects and clinical studies in the search for an adequate clinical protocol of this cariostatic.Keywords: Preventive Dentistry. Children. Dental Caries.Resumo Os programas de assistência à saúde brasileiros recomendam para o controle das lesões de cárie a utilização de soluções cariostáticas de diamino fluoreto de prata - DFP ou vernizes de fluoreto de sódio para crianças de 0 a 3 anos com atividade de cárie alta ou moderada. O DFP é agente coadjuvante seguro, econômico, eficiente e não invasivo, exercendo ação antibacteriana capaz de reduzir a perda mineral superficial do esmalte e, pode ser utilizado no tratamento de dentes decíduos e permanentes. O objetivo desta revisão de literatura foi reunir informações atuais sobre descrever o mecanismo de ação do DFP e sua aplicação clínica em crianças de pouca idade na prevenção e paralisação da cárie. As bases de dados PubMed/Medline e Cochane Library foram acessadas identificando os estudos relevantes publicados em inglês, no período de 1960 a maio de 2017. A estratégia de busca empregou as palavras-chave: “Silver diamine fluoride” and “Children” or “Infant” and “Caries prevention”. A extração dos dados foi realizada em: 19 estudos in vitro; 10 artigos de revisão e 8 estudos in vivo. Foi possível concluir que o DFP apresenta-se quase duas vezes tão eficaz comparado ao verniz fluoretado na paralização de cárie. Porém, o tempo de contato da solução e a frequência ótima de aplicação do DFP ainda estão indefinidos, suscitando novos projetos e estudos clínicos na busca de adequado protocolo clínico deste cariostático.Palavra-chave: Odontologia Preventiva. Criança. Carie Dentária. 

scholarly journals Evaluación de la calidad de vida según el estado nutricional del paciente paliativo adulto: revisión sistemática

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ester Aracil-Lavado ◽  
Carmina Wanden-Berghe ◽  
Javier Sanz-Valero
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Calidad De Vida ◽  
Revisión Sistemática ◽  
Literatura Latinoamericana ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Objetivo: Revisar la literatura científica relacionada con la calidad de vida según el estado nutricional del paciente paliativo adulto.Método: Análisis crítico de los trabajos recuperados mediante revisión sistemática. Los datos se obtuvieron de la consulta directa y acceso, vía Internet, a las siguientes bases de datos bibliográficas del ámbito de las ciencias de la salud: MEDLINE (vía PubMed), The Cochrane Library, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINHAL), Web of Science y la Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS). Se consideró adecuado el uso de los Descriptores “Quality of life”, “Nutritional Status” y “Palliative care”, utilizando los filtros: «Humans», «Adult» y «Comparative Study» o «Clinical Trial». Fecha de la búsqueda: noviembre de 2016.Resultados: Tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión se aceptaron 4 estudios para su revisión y análisis crítico. Al evaluar la calidad de los artículos seleccionados para la revisión mediante el cuestionario CONSORT, las puntuaciones oscilaron entre 11 y 20 sobre una puntuación máxima de 25.Conclusiones: El seguimiento nutricional de los enfermos estaba relacionado directamente con la mejora del estado nutricional, y se correspondía con el incremento de la calidad de vida. Sería deseable utilizar cuestionarios específicos y validados para evaluar la calidad de vida según el estado nutricional que permitirán minimizar cualquier tipo de subjetividad del paciente. Serían necesarios futuros estudios, con una adecuada población, que aclaren la relación directa entre el estado nutricional y la calidad de vida en los enfermos paliativos.

scholarly journals Tedizolid: new data and experiences for clinical practice

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Miguel Salavert Lletí ◽  
◽  
Víctor García-Bustos ◽  
Laura Morata Ruiz ◽  
Marta Dafne Cabañero-Navalon
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Recent Trial ◽  
Important Data ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Osteoarticular Infections ◽  
Potential Use

The most relevant information on the clinical uses of tedizolid from studies published in the last 18 months is presented in this brief review. The most important data indicate better tolerance and safety profile of long-term therapeutic regimes in off-label indications, such as osteoarticular infections and those caused by mycobacteria. Its lower risk of hazardous interactions compared to linezolid should be emphasized. Furthermore, tedizolid in its combination with rifampicin shows a more favourable way of acting as demonstrated in vitro and in vivo studies. A recent trial also opens the door for its potential use in nosocomial pneumonia caused by Gram-positive bacteria.

scholarly journals The Effect of Processing Methods on Phytochemical Composition in Bergamot Juice

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Cautela ◽  
Filomena Monica Vella ◽  
Bruna Laratta
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Screw Press ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Press Method ◽  
Citrus Juices ◽  
Processing Techniques

Experimental and epidemiological studies show a positive relation between consumption of citrus juices and reduction of risk for some chronic disorders, such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. In particular, the bergamot juice is characterized by noticeable amounts of phytochemicals such as flavanone glycosides, limonoids, and quaternary ammonium compounds, all health-beneficial biomolecules. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown anti-inflammatory, cholesterol-lowering, and anti-diabetic activities attributed to these compounds depending on their chemical structure. However, nutritional content of bergamot juice may vary as consequence of different processing techniques, thus needing to address this claim. For this reason, the objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of different processing systems on the proximate constituents, the composition, and the antioxidant activity of the correspondent juices. Overall, the results indicate that the process employed may influence the chemical composition and the functional properties of the ended juice. Screw press method produced a juice with greater content of flavanone glycosides (ranged from 37 to 402 mg/L) and limonoid aglycones (ranged from 65 to 67 mg/L) than the other processes (p < 0.001). However, the process used for extraction of bergamot juice did not affect significantly the N,N-dimethyl-L-proline content (p < 0.5). Moreover, the screw press juice showed the highest antioxidant activity with EC50 value of 9.35 µg/mL, thus suggesting that this method maintains for health the nutritional quality of a fresh-pressed juice.

scholarly journals Physicochemical, Sensory, and Cooking Qualities of Pasta Enriched with Oat β-Glucans, Xanthan Gum, and Vital Gluten

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada Krawęcka ◽  
Aldona Sobota ◽  
Emilia Sykut-Domańska
Keyword(s):  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Sensory Qualities

The functional properties of β-glucans derived from oats and barley are confirmed by numerous in vitro and in vivo studies. This study aimed to assess the effect of adding 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20% oat (1,3)(1,4)-β-D-glucans to physicochemical properties, as well as the cooking and sensory qualities of durum wheat pasta. Additionally, to improve the cooking and sensory qualities of pasta, we added 5% of xanthan gum and vital gluten. The present study showed that the addition of β-glucans led to an increase of the water absorption index (WAI), water solubility index (WSI), and viscosity of products. At the same time, an increase in the content of fat, ash, and dietary fiber was observed. The addition of (1,3)(1,4)-β-D-glucans influenced the cooking quality of the pasta, extending the minimum cooking time and increasing the loss of dry matter. At the same time, the color of the product changed. In the case of cooked pasta, the addition of β-glucans decreased the brightness and increased the yellowness and redness. It was found that the products enriched with 10–15% of β-glucans, as well as 5% of xanthan gum and vital gluten would yield functional pasta that may offer health benefits beyond its nutritional value. Further, this could influence high cooking and sensory quality.

Effects of curcumin on cystic fibrosis: a systematic review protocol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Zibetti Albuquerque ◽  
Lusmaia Damaceno Camargo Costa ◽  
Patrícia Marques Fortes ◽  
Guilherme Matos Abe ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Sucasas da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Clinical Effects

Abstract Background: Cystic Fibrosis is a genetic disease characterized by a mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, responsible for encoding the protein that regulates the function of chlorine and sodium channels in the cell membrane. The bioactive compound curcumin has shown modulating and restorative effects on sodium, chlorine and water transport, and seems to be a candidate to act in the expression of the function of the chlorine channels. The purpose of this protocol is to demonstrate scientific evidence of molecular and clinical effects of curcumin in cell cultures, animals and subjects with cystic fibrosis.Methods: The search will be conducted in the following databases - MEDLINE/PubMed, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library and EMBASE. Reviewers will select original intervention (in vitro and in vivo) and/or observational articles that analyzed the effects of curcumin on cystic fibrosis. The methodological quality of the studies will be assessed by the Joana Briggs Institute's Checklist for Quasi-Experimental Studies. The GRADE tool will be applied to grade the quality of evidence.Discussion: To date, no systematic reviews have been published that assessed molecular and clinical effects of curcumin on cystic fibrosis. Upon completion of this systematic review, it is expected that the evidence found may contribute to the development of therapeutic formulations capable of modulating the function of the CFTR protein, restoring its properties, and contributing to the reduction of systemic clinical manifestations of cystic fibrosis.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42021229294

The use of L-glucose in cancer diagnosis: Results from In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioanna A. Anastasiou ◽  
Ioanna Eleftheriadou ◽  
Anastasios Tentolouris ◽  
Iordanis Mourouzis ◽  
Constantinos Pantos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Cochrane Library

Background:: Cancer cells are characterized by metabolic heterogeneity. Although many research groups make efforts to analyze this heterogeneity, little attention has been paid to the scenario that cancer cells may utilize otherwise unusable substrates as fuel for tumor development. Of the two stereoisomers of glucose, D-glucose but not L-glucose, the mirror image isomer of D-glucose, is abundantly found in nature. D-glucose is the human body's key source of energy, through aerobic respiration. However, data from in vitro and in vivo studies examining the ability of cancer cells to take up L-glucose are scarce. Objectives: The present mini-review aims to present current literature data on the role of L-glucose in cancer diagnosis based on in vitro and in vivo studies. Methods: The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library with restrictions to articles in English language databases were searched to retrieve available data. Results: There are limited data in literature regarding in vitro and in vivo studies that examined the ability of cancer cells to take up L-glucose. Research work so far has shown that that the binding of a fluorescent detector to L-glucose molecule produced a fluorescent probe that was specifically taken up by malignant cancer cells, thus providing a unique method for their detection. Conclusion: Given that L-glucose is taken up by cancer cells, L-glucose fluorescent probes can be a useful tool for visualization and characterization of cancer cells. More research on the potential biologic effects of L-glucose in cancer is necessary.

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