scholarly journals Chronic Inflammation Impairs Male Fertility—A Case-Control Study in Ulcerative Colitis Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1460
Author(s):  
Artur Wdowiak ◽  
Mariusz Gujski ◽  
Iwona Bojar ◽  
Dorota Raczkiewicz ◽  
Joanna Bartosińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Healthy Males

Recent evidence indicates that a systemic state of inflammation may exert a negative effect on male fertility. The aim of this study is to evaluate sperm quality parameters in male patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Between December 2019 and December 2020 semen analyses are performed in 50 patients with UC in clinical remission. The control group consists of 50 healthy volunteers. Total sperm count, sperm count, percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa, viability, and progressive motility, are significantly lower in the study group than in healthy males (p < 0.001). The DNA fragmentation index (DFI) and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) are significantly higher in the study group (28.9% and 1.55% on average, respectively) than in healthy males (14.6% and 0.79% on average, respectively). Bacteriospermia is more clearly observed in the study group (p = 0.037), and the most frequent pathogen is Enterococcus faecalis. The DFI and ORP are significantly higher in bacteria carriers, compared to males without microbial pathogens from both the study and control groups (p < 0.001). To conclude, UC patients have worse basic sperm parameters compared to their healthy counterparts. Deterioration of semen parameters, as well as an intensified DNA fragmentation could be a result of oxidative stress intensification.

P–101 Comparative assessment of laparoscopic, microsurgical varicocelectomy, and antioxidant therapy alone in Infertile men with pathozoospermia

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Bozhedomov ◽  
A Shomarufov ◽  
G Bozhedomova ◽  
D Kamalov ◽  
N Sorokin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Antioxidant Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sperm Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Sperm Dna ◽  
Surgical Methods

Abstract Study question Which treatment option is better in men with clinical varicocele and pathozoospermia: laparoscopic, microsurgical varicocelectomy, or antioxidant (nutrient) therapy alone? Summary answer Microsurgical varicocelectomy and laparoscopy are more effective in pathozoospermia treatment than observation and nutrient therapy alone. Simultaneously, there are no differences between these surgical methods. What is known already It is known that varicocele may cause testicular dysfunction and infertility due to increased oxidative stress and sperm DNA damage. In recent meta-analyses comparing surgery versus follow-up in men with clinical varicocele and pathozoospermia, semen quality was better in the surgery group. However, it is unclear why varicocelectomy leads to sperm quality improvement only in 60–70% of cases, and real fertility in 30–40% of couples. The microsurgical technique leads to fewer complications compared with others, but there are no powerful RCTs to compare various techniques’ efficacy. Simultaneously, the use of antioxidants may give a similar increase in pregnancy rates. Study design, size, duration This retrospective case-control study recruited 218 men from infertile couples with clinical varicocele and pathozoospermia who underwent microsurgical, laparoscopic varicocelectomy and antioxidant therapy alone at clinics of Moscow from January 2010 to December 2019. Participants/materials, setting, methods Clinical, laboratory data of patients in the groups: A) the observation group (n = 33), B) the group treated with nutrients alone (n = 63), C) the group of patients after microsurgical varicocelectomy (n = 86), and D) the group of patients who underwent laparoscopy (n = 36), were obtained. The sperm was evaluated according to WHO–2010, DNA fragmentation by chromatin dispersion in an agarose gel. We calculated standardized effect (Es) to determine study power. Main results and the role of chance After 3 months, varicocelectomy led to an increase in sperm concentration and motility: the median of the total progressively motile sperm count (TPMSC) increase in the group A was +0.4 million; B - +1.9 million; C - +17.1 million (p &lt; 0.05); D - +21.2 million (p &lt; 0.05). A clinically significant increase in this indicator after varicocelectomy was found in 2/3 of cases: 65% (С; p &lt; 0.05) and 67% (D; p &lt; 0.05) with 38% (A) and 42% (B). Varicocelectomy led to a decrease in sperm DNA fragmentation by an average of 5.5% (p &lt; 0.05) with an improvement in 59% of patients. Simultaneously, a 3-month therapy with nutrients similarly decreased DNA fragmentation: 5.5% (p &lt; 0.05), 66% of improvement cases. The differences in surgery efficacy between C and D were insignificant (p &gt; 0.05). The laparoscopic surgery demonstrated higher standardized effect (Es) than microsurgical operation (Es = 0.70 and 0.44, with 0.29 in the patients receiving nutrients and 0.22 in the patients of the control group). Limitations, reasons for caution The main limitations were: 1) different sample (group) sizes and 2) insufficient power of the performed study (Es &lt; 0.8), which does not allow us to exclude a type II error – unreasonable rejection of differences. Wider implications of the findings: In selected patients with varicocele and pathozoospermia, antioxidant therapy can be used as a monotherapy or as adjuvant therapy. Trial registration number Not applicable

P–124 The beneficial effects of novel quercetin delivery system (loaded on bigel) on male fertility parameters of Non-alcoholic fatty liver model: an in-vivo (rat model) study

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Hosseini ◽  
S N Mousavi ◽  
M S Seye. Dorraj ◽  
S Sheik. Mohammadi ◽  
Z Pourmansoori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver

Abstract Study question Dose quercetin encapsulated in a bigel slow- release delivery system improve male fertility parameters in Non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) model Summary answer Quercetin in a bigel slow- release delivery system can boost semen parameters in NAFLD rat model What is known already Recent molecular and physiological studies have shown that adverse effects of NAFLD extend far beyond the liver. NAFLD can impair male reproductive function by increasing Reactive Oxidative Stress (ROS) levels, reducing the expression of antioxidant genes and inducing damage in testes immune privilege. Antioxidant therapy and its effectiveness depend on whether the exogenous antioxidant will be readily absorbed to reach high enough that are required to decrease the pathological damages. Quercetin, as an antioxidant, is able to ameliorate oxidative stress. The design of new drug delivery systems using encapsulating antioxidant can boost its durability and effectiveness. Study design, size, duration Bigels were prepared using cottonseed oil/cannabis oil/alginate/ferula gum. Sprague-Dawley rats are housed for 2 weeks, then NAFLD was induced by 58% of dietary calorie as lard and 42 g/L fructose for 16 weeks. The experimental protocol was approved by the ethical committee of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. Participants/materials, setting, methods After confirming the NAFLD induction, animals divided into five groups: Control, control NAFLD, received 2 mg/kg Quer loaded on bigels, free bigels, free Quer for 45 days as daily gavage. Semen parameters (count, motility, and morphology), viability (Eosin-nigrosine staining) and serum testosterone levels were analyzed. In addition, histological sections of testicular tissues were investigated by Hematoxylin-Eosin (H&E) staining method. In situ detection of apoptosis was performed using terminal deoxynucleotidyl-transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Main results and the role of chance The sperm count, sperm motility, normal morphology and testosterone level were significantly lower in the NAFLD group than those the controls. Moreover, higher head and tail abnormality percentages were seen in the sperm of these groups. Bigel-Quer significantly improved the serum testosterone level, sperm count, motility, and morphology compared with the NAFLD group. Spermatogenic cells in all stages of differentiation (spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, early spermatids, late spermatids) are observed and preserved normally in the testicular tubules and lumen filled with mature sperms in the control group. Interestingly, atrophic changes in the testicular tubule architecture with swelling in spermatogonia cells, detachment from tubule membrane, reduced number of mature sperm, and reduced lumen thickness were seen in the NAFLD. In the Quer, bigel and bigel-Quer-treated groups, swelling and vacuolation rate of germ cells decreased. The testicular morphology, and tubule structure were significantly normalized, especially in the bigel-Quer-treated group. Serum testosterone levels significantly increased and reached the healthy control group in the bigel-Quer group. TUNEL-positive cells in testes increased significantly after NAFLD induction. Quantitative analysis showed a significant decrease in testicular TUNEL-positive cells following bigel-Quer treatment, but not in other groups. Limitations, reasons for caution Keeping and daily handling of animals for long-time in animal house for diet-induced NAFLD. NAFLD requires long periods of treatment to get the desired outcome especially in the case of sperm parameters investigation. Wider implications of the findings: The bigel showed synergistic effects with Quer for treating infertility in male rats with NAFLD. Stability and bio-availability of Quer are important aspects that should be considered to justify its supplementation. Empowering antioxidant shield of NAFLD patients by Quer supplementation can improve various damage effects and clinical status of diseases. Trial registration number Not applicable

Effect of new dietary supplement on sperm quality

2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (45) ◽  
pp. 1787-1792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mária Horváth ◽  
Endre Czeizel
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Usa ◽  
New Treatments

Introduction: There is a decline in male fertility thus new treatments are needed. Aims: To test the efficacy of a new dietary supplement developed in the USA and registered as a curing drug in Hungary (OGYI). Methods: In a clinical trial 100 men with low sperm quality (spermium count 5–20 M/ml, good motility 10–40%, and adverse shape 30–50%) were examined. Results: Sperm parameters were measured before and after a 3-month treatment and after another 3-month without treatment. This dietary supplement statistically and clinically significantly improved sperm count and motility. In 74 cases this dietary supplement demonstrated a beneficial effect on sperm quality (more than 10% increase in sperm count, or quality of motility, or shape); in 16 cases the improvement exceeded 30%. No adverse effect could be accounted for this treatment. Conclusions: This new dietary supplement may contribute to the treatment of male infertility. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 1787–1792.

Postpuberal evaluation of spermiogram and hormonal status in patients operated on for cryptorchidism and testicular ectopia

1992 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-69
Author(s):  
P. Legovini ◽  
E. De Menis ◽  
G.C. Foscolo ◽  
F. Breda ◽  
G.C. Schiavon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leydig Cell ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hormonal Status ◽  
Cell Axis ◽  
Testicular Ectopia ◽  
Healthy Males

The pituitary-testicular axis and spermatogenesis, after puberty, have been evaluated in 93 patients, operated on for cryptorchidism and testicular ectopia, by the assessment of plasma testosterone, gonadotropins after GnRH stimulation and semen analysis. 12 healthy males formed the control group. Only bilateral cryptorchid patients showed abnormalities in the pituitary-Leydig cell axis with significantly higher basal and stimulated LH values than controls. Oligospermia was more frequent in cryptorchid cases (48%) than in ectopia (13%) and was accompanied by a significant increase of FSH concentration compared to controls. No relation was found between age at operation and sperm count. These data suggest that cryptorchidism and ectopia have different consequences on hormonal status and fertility.

scholarly journals DNA fragmentation in brighter sperm predicts male fertility independently from age and semen parameters

2015 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 582-590.e4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Muratori ◽  
Sara Marchiani ◽  
Lara Tamburrino ◽  
Marta Cambi ◽  
Francesco Lotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Semen Parameters

scholarly journals Improvement of Sperm Quality in Hyperviscous Semen following DNase I Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Effrosyni Nosi ◽  
Angelos D. Gritzapis ◽  
Konstantinos Makarounis ◽  
Georgios Georgoulias ◽  
Vasilios Kapetanios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Gradient ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Density Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Dnase I ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Case ◽  
Dnase Treatment

Semen hyperviscosity impairs sperm motility and can lead to male infertility. This prospective study aimed at assessing the ability of exogenous DNase in improving sperm quality, taking into consideration that DNase has been found in the seminal plasma of several species and that neutrophils release chromatin in order to trap bacteria. A total of seventy-seven semen samples with high seminal viscosity (HSV) as the study group and sixty-two semen samples with normal seminal viscosity (NSV) as the control group were compared in this analysis. These semen samples were divided into three groups of receiving treatment (a) with DNase I at 37°C for 15 min, (b) by density gradient centrifugation, and (c) with a combination of the above two methods. Following a fifteen-minute treatment of hyperviscous semen, the motility of spermatozoa in 83% of semen samples increased to a statistically significant degree. On the contrary, DNase treatment of semen with normal viscosity had no such effects. The above treatment was also accompanied by a significant increase in the percentage of normal spermatozoa, resulting in a major decrease of the teratozoospermia index. Comparison between semen samples that underwent density gradient centrifugation following DNase I treatment, to those collected after density gradient treatment alone, showed that in the first case the results were more spectacular. The evaluation of each preparation in terms of yield (% total progressively motile sperm count after treatment in relation to the initial total sperm count) revealed that the combined approach resulted in 29.8% vs. 18.5% with density treatment alone (p=0.0121). DNase I treatment results in an improvement of sperm motility and morphology and could be beneficial to men with hyperviscous semen in assisted reproduction protocols.

scholarly journals The Association Between Abstinence Period and Semen Parameters: Results in Normal Samples and Different Sperm Pathology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Xie ◽  
Silvan Hämmerli ◽  
Kerstin Blickenstorfer ◽  
Brigitte Leeners
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Sexual Abstinence ◽  
Normal Morphology ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Total Motile Sperm Count ◽  
Abstinence Period

Abstract Purpose: The length of sexual abstinence seems to influence sperm quality. However, few data on the relevance of abstinence time in pathological sperm samples are available. With our study, we look for associations of abstinence length and semen quality. Methods: We studied semen samples from 4423 men undergoing fertility evaluation. Sperm concentration, percentage of progressively motile spermatozoa, total motile sperm count, percentage of spermatozoa with normal morphology, were compared after each day and 0-2, 3-7 and >7 days of abstinence. Results: We found that a longer abstinence time was related to higher sperm concentration in normal semen samples (P<0.001) and in semen samples with any sperm pathology (P<0.001, P=0.004) with the exception of oligozoospermia (P=0.125). Longer abstinence time was also associated with significantly reduced progressive motility in normal samples (P<0.001) and in cases of teratozoospermia (P<0.001). In normal samples a higher percentage of sperm were morphologically normal after a shorter abstinence period (P=0.03); in oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) samples, this was the case after a longer abstinence period (P=0.013). Conclusion: A longer abstinence time is associated with higher sperm concentration, whereas sperm motility is optimal after shorter abstinence times; results on morphology are controversial. The recommendation on abstinence time needs to be adjusted in relation to the parameter that needs to be improved.

scholarly journals Declining sperm counts: The impact of covid-19 on testicular function and sperm parameters and overall male reproductive performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
Panayiotis Michael Zavos
Keyword(s):  
Male Fertility ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Male Reproductive Success ◽  
Herpes Simplex Viruses ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Viruses ◽  
The Impact

Male infertility is linked to some viral infections including human papillomavirus (HPV), herpes simplex viruses (HSV) and human immunodeficiency viruses (HIVs). As for acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), its effects on worldwide declines in sperm count and fertility have not been researched thoroughly. With the recent increase of viral infections due to the pandemic, the potential negative impacts that SARS-CoV-2 will have on male reproductive organs and male fertility have raised countless concerns. This review article aims to discuss the possible effects that the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic will have on an already declining male reproductive success while integrating the results of recent studies focusing on similar topics. Furthermore, this article will also mention the future implications that come with a more infertile population. Within the articles studied, it has become apparent that the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has and will only decrease men’s sperm quality further. These findings became apparent through the study of oxidative stress established through the sperm’s production of reactive oxygen species1 and the COVID-19 virus’ ability to attack human spermatozoa produced in the testes due the expression of the ACE2 gene.2 As for the decline in male fertility prior to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, there are many factors to be discussed, some of which include: tobacco consumption, alcoholism, diet, electronics, and higher rates of testicular cancer.3

scholarly journals The relationship between diet, energy balance and fertility in men

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 514-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edyta Suliga ◽  
Stanisław Głuszek
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Direct Analysis ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
The Right ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Research conducted in recent years provides more and more evidence that diet can have a significant impact on male fertility. The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between diet, energy balance and fertility in men. A comprehensive literature search of published studies in various languages, was carried out in electronic databases. The direct analysis included 96 works published between 2008 and 2018, including 12 randomized controlled trials and 23 systematic reviews and meta-analyses. A strong adherence to a healthy dietary pattern is positively correlated with total sperm count, progressive motility and total motile sperm count (all p < 0.05). However, attention is drawn to the fact that foods that are considered “healthy” can sometimes contain a significant amount of pollution, which negatively affect the semen parameters. An adequate intake of antioxidants or their supplementation have been quite effective in the prevention and treatment of male infertility. The improvement of pregnancy rate after antioxidant therapy ranged in various studies from 11% to 41%. An important problem, however, may be choosing the right dose of the supplement or finding an appropriate combination of antioxidants that may be more effective than any single antioxidant. The normalization of men’s body weight is beneficial for the quality of sperm and the concentration of male reproductive hormones. Further, long-term studies require the assessment of the impact of drastic weight loss after bariatric surgery on male fertility.

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