scholarly journals Evolution of Gut Microbiome and Metabolome in Suspected Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2278
Author(s):  
Camille Brehin ◽  
Damien Dubois ◽  
Odile Dicky ◽  
Sophie Breinig ◽  
Eric Oswald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
The Third ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis ◽  
Control Study

Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating condition in preterm infants due to multiple factors, including gut microbiota dysbiosis. NEC development is poorly understood, due to the focus on severe NEC (NEC-2/3). Methods: We studied the gut microbiota, microbiome and metabolome of children with suspected NEC (NEC-1). Results: NEC-1 gut microbiota had a higher abundance of the Streptococcus (second 10-days of life) and Staphylococcus (third 10-days of life) species. NEC-1 children showed a microbiome evolution in the third 10-days of life being the most divergent, and were associated with a different metabolomic signature than in healthy children. The NEC-1 microbiome had increased glycosaminoglycan degradation and lysosome activity by the first 10-days of life, and was more sensitive to childbirth, low birth weight and gestational age, than healthy microbiome. NEC-1 fecal metabolome was more divergent by the second month of life. Conclusions: NEC-1 gut microbiota and microbiome modifications appear more distinguishable by the third 10-days of life, compared to healthy children. These data identify a precise window of time (i.e., the third 10-days of life) and provide microbial targets to fight/blunt NEC-1 progression.

Evolution of Gut Microbiome and Metabolome during Stage 1 Necrotizing Enterocolitis: a Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Brehin ◽  
Damien Dubois ◽  
Odile Dicky ◽  
Sophie Breinig ◽  
Eric Oswald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
The Third ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Late Stages ◽  
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background : Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating condition of the preterm new-born due to multiple factors, including gut microbiota dysbiosis. Since NEC development is poorly understood due to main focus on late stages 2 and 3, we studied the gut microbiota and metabolome evolution of NEC at a very early onset. Results NEC-1 gut microbiota had a higher abundance of Streptococcus (second decade of life) and Staphylococcus (third decade of life) species. NEC-1 children showed a microbiome evolution in the third decade of life being the most divergent and associated to a different metabolomic signature than in healthy children. NEC-1 microbiome had increased glycosaminoglycan degradation and lysosome activity by the first decade of life and was more sensitive to factors such as childbirth, low birth weight and gestational age, than healthy microbiome. NEC-1 fecal metabolome was more divergent by the second month of life. Conclusions: The modifications of gut microbiota and microbiome during NEC-1 development appear more distinguishable by the third decade of life, when compared to healthy children. These data identify a precise window of time (i.e. third decade of life) and provide microbial targets to fight/blunt the progression of NEC by stage 1.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota in children with type 1 diabetes differs from that in healthy children: a case-control study

BMC Medicine ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mora Murri ◽  
Isabel Leiva ◽  
Juan Miguel Gomez-Zumaquero ◽  
Francisco J Tinahones ◽  
Fernando Cardona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Risk factors for type 1 diabetes, including environmental, behavioural and gut microbial factors: a case–control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Traversi ◽  
Ivana Rabbone ◽  
Giacomo Scaioli ◽  
Camilla Vallini ◽  
Giulia Carletto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Preventive Strategy ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a common autoimmune disease that is characterized by insufficient insulin production. The onset of T1D is the result of gene-environment interactions. Sociodemographic and behavioural factors may contribute to T1D, and the gut microbiota is proposed to be a driving factor of T1D. An integrated preventive strategy for T1D is not available at present. This case–control study attempted to estimate the exposure linked to T1D to identify significant risk factors for healthy children. Forty children with T1D and 56 healthy controls were included in this study. Anthropometric, socio-economic, nutritional, behavioural, and clinical data were collected. Faecal bacteria were investigated by molecular methods. The findings showed, in multivariable model, that the risk factors for T1D include higher Firmicutes levels (OR 7.30; IC 2.26–23.54) and higher carbohydrate intake (OR 1.03; IC 1.01–1.05), whereas having a greater amount of Bifidobacterium in the gut (OR 0.13; IC 0.05 – 0.34) was a protective factor for T1D. These findings may facilitate the development of preventive strategies for T1D, such as performing genetic screening, characterizing the gut microbiota, and managing nutritional and social factors.

scholarly journals Assessing the association between periodontitis and preterm low birth weight: A case control study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peace UWAMBAYE ◽  
Cyprien MUNYANSHONGORE ◽  
Stephen RULISA ◽  
Harlan J Shiau ◽  
Assuman NUHU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
The Third ◽  
Gestation Age ◽  
Nurses And Midwives ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Premature deliveries are the main causes of prenatal and infant mortality and morbidity in developed societies and is an important problem in obstetrics. Maternal periodontitis is a very prevalent condition that has suspected to be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes like preterm birth and low birth weight. However, there are still conflicting results and this study have been done to determine the association between periodontitis and preterm low birth weight in order to get necessary information that will enable us to improve mothers’ and children’s health by recommending the screening tool to be used by nurses and midwives to screen for periodontal diseases during antenatal consultations. Methods A case control study was done on 555 women on post-partum period. This case control was in ratio of 1:2; 1 case of preterm and low birth weight to 2 controls. There were 185 cases with preterm deliveries/ gestation age < 37 weeks and low birth weight / weight < 2500 g and 370 controls with term delivery/ gestation age of above or equal to 37 weeks and normal birth weight babies 2500 g and above. Multivariate regression analysis was done and the variables were hierarchically grouped into three groups: first categories of demographic variables were put in the regression model as step 1. Second category were other potential factors were put in regression model as the second step. The third category or the third step of regression model, the researcher put periodontitis as it was hypothesized a major predictor variable. Results Significant association was found between periodontitis and preterm low birth weight; women who had periodontitis had 6 times the odds of giving birth to preterm low birth weight babies compared to women who had no periodontitis (p < 0.001) (95% CI 3.9, 10.4). Conclusion Periodontitis is a risk factor for preterm low birth weight and preventive solutions like having a periodontitis screening tool for nurses and midwives during antenatal care consultations are highly recommended.

30 Risk Factors for Stage III Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Very Low Birth Weight Neonates – A retrospective case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. e23-e24
Author(s):  
Renjini Lalitha ◽  
Mosarrat Qureshi ◽  
Matthew Hicks ◽  
Kumar Kumaran
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Short Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Short Bowel ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Primary Subject area Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine Background Stage III necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC-III) is a serious intestinal inflammatory disease in neonates, with high case fatality rate and significant morbidities including need for surgical intervention. Research focusing on risk factors for the development of NEC-III are lacking. Objectives To determine the risk factors for NEC-III and its outcomes among neonates born under 33 weeks gestational age (GA). Design/Methods This was a single-centre retrospective case-control study of preterm neonates born under 33 weeks GA who were admitted to Stollery Children’s Hospital neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), Edmonton, Alberta, between January 2015 and December 2018. NEC-III cases were compared with Stage II NEC (NEC-II) and matched with 2-4 non-NEC controls by GA ± 1 week and date of birth within 3 months. Univariate and multivariate analysis compared the risk factors for NEC-III, adjusting for GA, birth weight, and sex. Results Out of 1360 babies born &lt;33weeks, 71(5.2%) had NEC-II and above during the study period (Figure 1). NEC-III constituted 46% of the total number of NEC cases. Average age of onset of NEC-III was 13.7 days versus 23.9 days for NEC-II (p=0.01). Neonates with NEC-III were of lower GA (25.4weeks) compared to NEC-II(27.3 weeks) and non-NEC (26 weeks), (p=0.0008), had higher severity of illness with Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology Perinatal Extension-II (SNAPPE-II score) of 47.5 versus 28.4 for NEC-II and 37 for non-NEC ( p=0.003), spent more days on vasoactive agents (3.7 days versus 1.1 days and 1.8 days for NEC-II and non-NEC respectively; p=0.05). There was a trend towards lower Apgar score &lt;7 at 10 mintues in NEC-III versus non-NEC (AOR 2.59, 95% CI [0.88-7.67]; p=0.085). Death or short bowel syndrome was higher for NEC III (AOR 12.4, 95% CI [1.16-132.28]; p=0.037). Conclusion In this case-control study of neonates born under 33 weeks GA, after adjustment for known confounders, duration of UAC and prolonged rupture of membranes were significantly associated with increased incidence of NEC-III. Composite outcome of mortality or short bowel syndrome were higher in NEC-III.

Does Placental Weight Affects Perinatal Outcome? A Prospective Case-control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
Naina Kumar ◽  
Himani Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Neonatal Outcome ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Placental Weight ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Prospective Case Control Study

Background: Placenta plays a very important role in the growth and development of fetus. Objective: To know the correlation between placental weight and perinatal outcome in term antenatal women. Methods: Present prospective case-control study was conducted in the rural tertiary center of Northern India over one year (January-December 2018) on 1,118 term (≥37-≤42 weeks) antenatal women with singleton pregnancy fulfilling inclusion criteria with 559 women with high-risk pregnancy as cases and 559 low-risk pregnant women as controls. Placental weight, birth weight was measured immediately after delivery and compared between the two groups along with gestation, parity, fetal gender, and neonatal outcome. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 22 version. Results: Mean placental weight [481.98±67.83 gm vs. 499.47±59.59 gm (p=.000)] and birth weight [2.68±0.53 Kg vs. 2.88±0.4 Kg (p=.000)] was significantly lower in high risk as compared to lowrisk participants, whereas placental birth weight ratio was higher in high-risk cases [18.35±2.37 vs. 17.41±1.38 (p=.000)] respectively. Placental weight was positively correlated with birth weight and placental weight and birth weight increased with increasing gestation in both cases and controls. Male neonates had higher placental weight [492.74±68.24 gm vs. 488±58.8 gm (p=0.224)] and birth weight [2.81±0.5 Kg vs. 2.74±0.45 Kg (p=0.033)] as compared to females. Neonatal Intensive Care Unit admission was significantly associated with low placental and birth weight (p=.000). Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between placental weight, birth weight and neonatal outcome, hence placental weight can be used as an indirect indicator of intrauterine fetal growth.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota composition and arterial stiffness measured by pulse wave velocity: case–control study protocol (MIVAS study)

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e038933
Author(s):  
Rita Salvado ◽  
Sandra Santos-Minguez ◽  
Cristina Agudo-Conde ◽  
Cristina Lugones-Sanchez ◽  
Angela Cabo-Laso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Control Study

IntroductionIntestinal microbiota is arising as a new element in the physiopathology of cardiovascular diseases. A healthy microbiota includes a balanced representation of bacteria with health promotion functions (symbiotes). The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between intestinal microbiota composition and arterial stiffness.Methods and analysisAn observational case—control study will be developed. Cases will be defined by the presence of at least one of the following: carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV), Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI), brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (ba or ba-PWV) above the 90th percentile, for age and sex, of the reference population. Controls will be selected from the same population as cases. The study will be developed in Primary Healthcare Centres. We will select 500 subjects (250 cases and 250 controls), between 45 and 74 years of age. Cases will be selected from a database that combines data from EVA study (Spain) and Guimarães/Vizela study (Portugal). Measurements: cf-PWV will be measured using the SphygmoCor system, CAVI, ba-PWV and Ankle-Brachial Index will be determined using VaSera device. Gut microbiome composition in faecal samples will be determined by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Lifestyle will be assessed by food frequency questionnaire, adherence to the Mediterranean diet and IPAQ (International Physical Activity Questionnaire). Body composition will be evaluated by bioimpedance.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by ‘Committee of ethics of research with medicines of the health area of Salamanca’ on 14 December 2018 (cod. 2018-11-136) and the ’Ethics committee for health of Guimaraes’ (Portugal) on 15 October 2019 (ref: 67/2019). All study participants will sign an informed consent form agreeing to participate in the study, in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the WHO standards for observational studies. The results of this study will allow a better description of gut microbiota in patients with arterial stiffness.Trial registration detailsClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03900338

Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Short-Term Outcomes of Full-Term Low Birth Weight Infants Born at a Tertiary Academic Center: A Prospective Case–Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi K. Al-Wassia ◽  
Shahd K. Baarimah ◽  
Asmaa H. Mohammedsaleh ◽  
Manal O. Alsulami ◽  
Ragad S. Abbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Chromosomal Anomalies ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Control Study

Objective Low birth weight (LBW) infants (<2,500 g) continued to be a global health problem because of the associated short- and long-term adverse outcomes. The study aimed to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and short-term outcomes of term LBW infants Study Design A prospective and case–control study. All infants born consecutively from September 1, 2018 to August 31, 2019 were included. Cases, term LBW infants, were 1:1 matched to controls, appropriate for gestational age (AGA) term infants. Major congenital or chromosomal anomalies and multiple pregnancies were excluded. Results The prevalence of term LBW in the studied period was 4.8%. Mothers of term LBW infants had significantly lower body mass index (p = 0.05), gained less weight (p = 0.01), had a history of previous LBW (p = 0.01), and lower monthly income (p = 0.04) compared with mothers of term AGA infants even after adjustment for confounders. A nonsignificant higher number of term LBW infants needed NICU admission, while their need for phototherapy was deemed significant. Conclusion We identified nutritional and socioeconomic maternal factors that are significantly associated with LBW infants and should be targeted during antenatal visits to improve neonatal outcomes. Key Points

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