scholarly journals Algorithms for 3D Particles Characterization Using X-Ray Microtomography in Proppant Crush Test

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilia Safonov ◽  
Ivan Yakimchuk ◽  
Vladimir Abashkin
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Geometric Moments ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Statistical Hypotheses ◽  
Image Processing Algorithms ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Individual Particles ◽  
Remarkable Advantage

We present image processing algorithms for a new technique of ceramic proppant crush resistance characterization. To obtain the images of the proppant material before and after the test we used X-ray microtomography. We propose a watershed-based unsupervised algorithm for segmentation of proppant particles, as well as a set of parameters for the characterization of 3D particle size, shape, and porosity. An effective approach based on central geometric moments is described. The approach is used for calculation of particles’ form factor, compactness, equivalent ellipsoid axes lengths, and lengths of projections to these axes. Obtained grain size distribution and crush resistance fit the results of conventional test measured by sieves. However, our technique has a remarkable advantage over traditional laboratory method since it allows to trace the destruction at the level of individual particles and their fragments; it grants to analyze morphological features of fines. We also provide an example describing how the approach can be used for verification of statistical hypotheses about the correlation between particles’ parameters and their crushing under load.

scholarly journals 3D Characterization of Sponge Cake as Affected by Freezing Conditions Using Synchrotron X-ray Microtomography at Negative Temperature

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2915
Author(s):  
Amira Zennoune ◽  
Pierre Latil ◽  
Fatou-Toutie Ndoye ◽  
Frederic Flin ◽  
Jonathan Perrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Temperature ◽  
Ice Formation ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Image Analysis Method ◽  
Sponge Cake ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Shape Characterization ◽  
Fast Freezing

In this study, the microstructural evolution of a non-reactive porous model food (sponge cake) during freezing was investigated. Sponge cake samples were frozen at two different rates: slow freezing (0.3 °C min−1) and fast freezing (17.2 °C min−1). Synchrotron X-ray microtomography (µ-CT) and cryo-scanning electron microscopy (Cryo-SEM) were used to visualize and analyze the microstructure features. The samples were scanned before and after freezing using a specific thermostated cell (CellStat) combined with the synchrotron beamline. Cryo-SEM and 3D µ-CT image visualization allowed a qualitative analysis of the ice formation and location in the porous structure. An image analysis method based on grey level was used to segment the three phases of the frozen samples: air, ice and starch. Volume fractions of each phase, ice local thickness and shape characterization were determined and discussed according to the freezing rates.

Preparation and Characterization of Clays from Different Areas in Ban Bo Suak, Nan Province, Thailand

2015 ◽  
Vol 659 ◽  
pp. 127-131
Author(s):  
Usanee Malee ◽  
Sakdiphon Thiansem
Keyword(s):  
Clay Sample ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scientific Process ◽  
Quartz Content ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Kiln Site ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Tone Color

The scientific process was used to explain characterization and physical properties of the clay sample close to the ancient Nan kiln site. These samples were obtained from JQA, FQB, PQC and NQD. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technique were used to determine the chemical composition and phase transformation before and after fired at 800-1250 °C. XRF result was confirmed that all clay samples mainly contained SiO2(>80 wt. %) XRD pattern indicated that quartz was the majority of phase in the all of them. High amount of Fe2O3(>1.6 wt. %) was related to the red-brown tone color. The clay sample could be fired up to 1280 °C without wrapping behavior; it was found that FQB clay had the highest firing resistance due to the maximum quartz content.

scholarly journals The Synthesis and Effect of Silver Nanoparticles on the Adsorption of Cu2+ from Aqueous Solutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 4840
Author(s):  
Ghadah M. Al-Senani ◽  
Nada Al-Kadhi
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Convolvulus Arvensis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nanoparticle Surface ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
Sem Analyses

The adsorption of Cu2+ ions from an aqueous solution using AgNPs synthesized from Convolvulus arvensis leaf extract was investigated. The characterization of AgNPs was investigated before and after the adsorption of Cu2+ ions via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. The adsorbent contained various functional groups in addition to the AgNPs, which contributed to the Cu2+ ions adsorption. The silver nanoparticle surface consisted of spherical particles and deep pores, which adsorbed numerous Cu2+ ions. The influences of dosage, pH, and contact time on adsorption of 10 and 50 mg/L Cu2+ at 298 K, and initial Cu2+ concentrations at 298 and 323 K were studied. It was found that the highest percentage of Cu2+ ions adsorbed from an aqueous solution was 98.99%; the aqueous solution had 10 mg/L of Cu2+ ions and 0.2 g of AgNPs, at pH 12 and 298 K. A pseudo-second kinetics model offered the most accurate description of the process of adsorption. The process of Cu2+ adsorption more resembled a Langmuir rather than a Freundlich isotherm model, including chemical and physical mixed adsorption (mixed adsorption) processes, and was exothermic and spontaneous.

Characterization of silica polymorphs in kaolins by X-ray diffraction before and after phosphoric acid digestion and thermal treatment

2005 ◽  
Vol 552 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibel Kahraman ◽  
Müşerref Önal ◽  
Yüksel Sarıkaya ◽  
İhsan Bozdoğan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Acid Digestion ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After

scholarly journals Characterization Of Microstructure And Selected Properties of SnSbCu Alloy After FSP

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Hrabia-Wiśnios ◽  
Beata Leszczyńska-Madej ◽  
Marcin Madej ◽  
Aleksandra Węglowska
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Linear Speed ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Bearing Alloy

Abstract The paper presents the results of research on the microstructure and selected mechanical properties of the SnSbCu bearing alloy after friction stir processing (FSP). The Whorl tool was used for modification; the process was carried out using two rotational speeds of the tool: 280 and 450 RPM and a constant linear speed of 355 mm/min. Microstructure studies were performed employing the techniques of light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy along with analysis of the chemical composition of micro-areas. Additionally, the phase composition was investigated by means of the X-ray diffraction method and statistical analysis of the precipitates present in the investigated alloy. In addition, hardness, flexural strength and uniaxial compression tests were performed before and after FSP modification. It was proved that using FSP to modify the SnSbCu alloy promotes refinement and homogenization of the microstructure, as well as improvement of the flexural strength, whereas no changes in the hardness level were found.

scholarly journals Characterization of cordierite-mullite ceramics prepared from natural raw materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulmula Ali Albhilil ◽  
Martin Palou ◽  
Jana Kozánková
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Shock Resistance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mercury Intrusion ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Shock Resistance ◽  
Quenching Method ◽  
Mullite Ceramics

Abstract Series of six cordierite-mullite ceramics were synthesized via solid state reaction at various temperatures from 1250 °C for pure cordierite to 1500 °C for pure mullite. Then the samples were submitted to the test of thermal shock resistance based on cycling heating-quenching procedure. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Mercury intrusion porosimeter (MIP) have been used to characterize the samples before and after cycling heating-quenching method. Sample 6 was broken after 35 heating-quenching cycles, while the five other reminded stable. The refractoriness of samples is found to be higher than that of commercial ones. XRD shows that heating-quenching procedure has led to crystallization of cordierite and mullite phases. Apart from sample 6, the pore structure is stable with slight consolidation. The microstructure images confirm the results of XRD and MIP showing crack in sample 6 only, but compact and larger particles resulting from crystal growth in other samples due to the repeated action of heating.

X-ray electrono-optical and SIMS characterization of Si crystals implanted with Bi ions before and after rapid thermal annealing

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Auleytner ◽  
J. Adamczewska ◽  
A. Barcz ◽  
J. Górecka ◽  
K. Regiński
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Annealing ◽  
Rapid Thermal Annealing ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After

Synthesis and Characterization of Superfine Nanostructure Manganese Dioxide Spontaneously Coated onto Carbon Nanotubes

2011 ◽  
Vol 364 ◽  
pp. 398-401
Author(s):  
Johari Md Salleh ◽  
Aziah Buang Nor ◽  
Muhammad Zamir Othman
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Manganese Dioxide ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cnts Surface ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Manganese dioxide nanostructered (MnO2) was coated onto carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by simple immersion of the CNTs into a KMnO4 aqueous solution. The morphology of the CNTs before and after MnO2 deposition was examined using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The superfine coral-like MnO2 deposited and fully covered on the CNTs surface at pH 8. At pH 2 and 6 the MnO2 deposited as the superfine nanorod structure. The superfine MnO2 phase was identified as Birnessite-type MnO2 by X-ray powder diffraction and FESEM. The thermal stability of the superfine nanostructure MnO2 coated CNTs is increase based on the TGA with the weight loss of 4% at 400°C to 900°C.

X-ray Tomographic Characterization of Natural Polymer Composites and Correlation of Bulk Mechanical Properties

2009 ◽  
Vol 1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anahita Pakzad ◽  
Paul Mainwaring ◽  
Patricia A. Heiden ◽  
Reza Shahbazian Yassar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Microscopy Imaging ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nanomechanical Properties ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
A New Technique

AbstractIn this research, cellulose micro-crystals (CMC) were used to reinforce a bio-polymer, polycaprolactone (PCL). Mechanical properties were tested using nanoindentation. Electron microscopy imaging and a new technique called x-ray ultra microscopy and microtomography (XuM) were used to investigate the distribution of the filler in the matrix. We could demonstrate a clear correlation between the spatial distribution of CMC-PCL composites and their nanomechanical properties.

The Surface Chemistry Characterization of Pyrite, Sphalerite and Molybdenite after Bioleaching

2017 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 487-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Ghassa ◽  
Hadi Abdollahi ◽  
Mahdi Gharabaghi ◽  
Saeed Chehreh Chelgani ◽  
Mohammad Jafari
Keyword(s):  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Dissolution Kinetics ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Chemical Leaching ◽  
Characterization Methods ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ash Layer ◽  
Before And After

The mineral surface chemistry characterization is essential to describe the dissolution kinetics in leaching and bioleaching. Five different methods, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman Spectroscopy, have been applied to study the surface chemistry changes during pyrite, sphalerite and molybdenite bioleaching. The surface characterizations have been done for samples before and after biological and chemical leaching. The SEM images illustrated that the minerals surfaces were smooth before processing, while they covered with an ash layer after biological treatment. Although EDS analysis and Raman spectrum demonstrated the potassium jarosite formation on the pyrite surface during bioleaching, the formation of jarosite layer did not occur on the sphalerite surfaces during bioleaching. On the other hand, a sulfur layer formation on the sphalerite surface was confirmed by mentioned characterization methods. Finally, according to the XRD and EDS spectrum the molybdenite surface had been covered both with sulfur and jarosite.

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