scholarly journals Revealing of Non-Cultivable Bacteria Associated with the Mycelium of Fungi in the Kerosene-Degrading Community Isolated from the Contaminated Jet Fuel

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Tatiana Shapiro ◽  
Konstantin Chekanov ◽  
Alina Alexandrova ◽  
Galina Dolnikova ◽  
Ekaterina Ivanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jet Fuel ◽  
Degradation Mechanisms ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Global Industry ◽  
Cultivable Bacteria ◽  
Uncultured Bacteria ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Hydrocarbon Degraders

Fuel (especially kerosene) biodamage is a challenge for global industry. In aviation, where kerosene is a widely used type of fuel, its biodeterioration leads to significant damage. Six isolates of micromycetes from the TS-1 aviation kerosene samples were obtained. Their ability to grow on the fuel was studied, and the difference between biodegradation ability was shown. Micromycetes belonged to the Talaromyces, Penicillium, and Aspergillus genera. It was impossible to obtain bacterial isolates associated with their mycelium. However, 16S rRNA metabarcoding and microscopic observations revealed the presence of bacteria in the micromycete isolates. It seems to be that kerosene-degrading fungi were associated with uncultured bacteria. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes were abundant in the fungal cultures isolated from the TS-1 jet fuel samples. Most genera among these phyla are known as hydrocarbon degraders. Only bacteria-containing micromycete isolates were able to grow on the kerosene. Most likely, kerosene degradation mechanisms are based on synergism of bacteria and fungi.

Economic aspects of substantiating the effectiveness of investment decisions in the tourism industry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Л.М. Шаяхметова ◽  
С.А. Азылканова ◽  
L. Shayakhmetova ◽  
S. Azylkanova
Keyword(s):  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Business Plan ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Travel Agency ◽  
Investment Efficiency ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Global Industry ◽  
Discount Factors ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Investment Process

Қазіргі уақытта туризм қуатты әлемдік индустрияға айналды. Саланың экономикалық тиімділігін жоғарылату үшін турист пен турфирманың өзара әрекеттестігінің қағидаларын әзірлеу туризм индустриясындағы инвестициялық қызметті зерттейтін қазіргі ғылыми зерттеулердің аса маңызды міндеттерінің бірі болып табылады. Бұл мақалада туризм индустриясына салынатын инвестициялардың тиімділігін бағалаудың бұрыннан қолданылып келе жатқан әдістері зерттелген, сондай-ақ салыстыра талдаудың негізінде пайдалануға ең оңтайлы әдіс анықталған. Қойылған мақсатпен сәйкестікте, туризм индустриясындағы инвестициялық процестің ерекшеліктері анықталып, туризм индустриясына салынатын инвестициялардың тиімділігіне ықпал ететін факторлар белгіленген және туризм индустриясына салынатын инвестициялардың тиімділігін жоғарылату бойынша ұсыныстар әзірленген. Туризм индустриясына салынатын инвестициялардың тиімділігін бағалаудың бұрыннан қолданылып келе жатқан әдістерін зерттеу барысында инвестициялардың тиімділігін есептеудің дисконттау процесін қолдануға негізделген, пайдалануға барынша оңтайлы әдісі анықталды, яғни дисконттық көбейтуді қолдану UNIDO әдістемесіне (Бизнес-жоспар жасау әдістемесі) негізделген. Бұл әдістеме әзірлеу барысында кез келген кәсіпорынның, оның ішінде туристік саладағы кәсіпорынның да ағымдағы немесе жоспарлы қызметіне сипаттама берудегі барлық маңызды сәттерді ескеруге мүмкіндік береді. Әдістеме кірістер мен нақты шығыстардың ағымдарына сипаттама беруге негізделген, бұл ретте олардың арасындағы айырма ақша ағымын білдіреді және оны дисконттық көбейткіштердің көмегімен түзетуге болады. In our time, tourism is a powerful global industry. The development of rules for interaction between a tourist and a travel agency to maximize economic efficiency is one of the most important tasks of modern scientific research on investment activities in the tourism industry. This article explores the already existing methods for assessing the effectiveness of investment in the tourism industry, and also on the basis of a comparative analysis, the most optimal method for use is determined. In accordance with this goal, the features of the investment process in the tourism industry are identified, the factors that influence the efficiency of investments in the tourism industry are identified, and recommendations are made to improve the efficiency of investments in the tourism industry. In the course of researching existing methods for assessing the effectiveness of investment in the tourism industry, the most optimal method for calculating investment efficiency was determined, based on the application of the discounting process, that is, the use of a discount factor, based on the UNIDO methodology (Methodology for drawing up a business plan). This technique allows, when developing, to take into account all the essential points when characterizing, current or planned activities of any enterprise, including a tourist one. The methodology is based on the description of income streams and real expenses, the difference between which is a cash flow, which can already be adjusted using discount factors.

scholarly journals The Biotechnological Potentials of Bacteria Isolated from Parsık Cave, Turkey : Measuring the enzyme profiles, antibiotic resistance and antimicrobial activity in bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 466-479
Author(s):  
Begüm Çandiroğlu ◽  
Nihal Doğruöz Güngör
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Aminopeptidase Activity ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Cultivable Bacteria ◽  
Cave Ecosystems ◽  
Metabolic Properties

Since cave ecosystems have extraordinary environmental conditions, these ecosystems offer opportunities for microbiological studies. In this study, cultivable bacteria isolated from Parsık cave, Turkey, were investigated regarding enzyme profiles, antibiotic resistance and potential for production of antimicrobial agents. The metabolic properties of 321 bacterial isolates were determined. The most produced enzyme by the isolates was found to be tyrosine arylamidase. The enzymatic reactions of the bacteria showed that Parsık cave isolates have high aminopeptidase activity. The highest antibiotic resistance frequency of the isolates was 38.6% against ampicillin. While the isolates displayed variable inhibition rates against tested pathogenic microorganisms, they showed the highest inhibition against Candida albicans. The results show that the bacteria isolated from Parsık cave have potential for further studies related to biotechnological applications. The study findings contribute increased knowledge on metabolic peculiarities of bacteria isolated from cave ecosystems.

scholarly journals Pantoea spp. Associated with Smooth Crabgrass (Digitaria ischaemum) Seed Inhibit Competitor Plant Species

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew T. Elmore ◽  
James F. White ◽  
Kathryn L. Kingsley ◽  
Katherine H. Diehl ◽  
Satish K. Verma
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Bacterial Isolate ◽  
Axenic Culture ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Pantoea Ananatis ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Successional Species ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Schreb. ex Muhl. and Poa annua L. are competitive, early successional species which are usually considered weeds in agricultural and turfgrass systems. Bacteria and fungi associated with D. ischaemum and P. annua seed may contribute to their competitiveness by antagonizing competitor forbs, and were studied in axenic culture. Pantoea spp. were the most common bacterial isolate of D. ischaemum seed, while Epicoccum and Curvularia spp. were common fungal isolates. A variety of species were collected from non-surface sterilized P. annua. Certain Pantoea spp. isolates were antagonistic to competitor forbs Taraxacum officinale, Trifolium repens. All bacterial isolates that affected T. officinale mortality were isolated from D. ischaemum seed while none of the P. annua isolates affected mortality. Two selected bacterial isolates identified as Pantoea ananatis were evaluated further on D. ischaemum, T. repens (a competitor forb) and P. annua (a competitor grass) alone and in combination with a Curvularia sp. fungus. These bacteria alone caused >65% T. repens seedling mortality but did not affect P. annua seedling mortality. These experiments demonstrate that Pantoea ananatis associated with D. ischaemum seeds is antagonistic to competitor forbs in axenic culture. The weedy character of D. ischaemum could at least in part stem from the possession of bacteria that are antagonistic to competitor species.

scholarly journals Karakterisasi Bakteri dan Jamur yang Berpotensi Sebagai Mikroba Endofit Asal Kulit Buah Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) Unggul Sulawesi-2

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noviani Noviani ◽  
Meryany Ananda ◽  
I Nengah Suwastika
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Symbiotic Mutualism ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Anti Fungal ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L ◽  
Descriptive Method

Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) has potential to symbiosis with endophytic microbes. These microorganisms have a symbiotic mutualism with host plants. The group of endophytic bacteria are produce antibiotics, anti-cancer, anti-fungal, anti-viral, volatile compounds, even insecticides, while endophytic fungi is a biological control agents. This study were aimed to isolate and characterize bacteria and fungi that have the potential as endophytic microbes from Sulawesi's superior cacao (T. cacao L.). The method used in this study was descriptive method to determine the characterization of bacteria and fungi that have the potential as endophytic microbes, the results showed that there were 2 bacterial isolates who has a different morphology and 1 fungal isolate suspected genus Aspergilus.

scholarly journals Antagonistic Activity and Characterization of Indigenous Soil Isolates of Bacteria and Fungi Against Onion Wilt Incited by Fusarium sp

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilda Karim ◽  
Andi Asmawati ◽  
Oslan Jumadi
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Gene Markers ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Abstract Tuber rot disease due to phytopathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae (Foc) infection is one of the main factors causing the decreasing amount of global shallot production. This study aims to find bacteria and fungi candidates which have Foc antagonistic activity through in vitro tests using dual culture techniques. A total of five bacterial isolates and three fungal isolates isolated from the rhizosphere of healthy onion plants showed the ability to inhibit Foc growth. B1 and B4 bacterial isolates had an average inhibitory capability of 65.93% and 72.27% respectively. Whereas C1 and C2 fungal isolates have the ability to inhibit the growth of Foc by as much as 74.82% and 67.76% respectively. The four tested microbial isolates were able to significantly inhibit Foc activity in vitro based on the ANOVA test, with values α = 0.05, and n = 3. Molecular analysis based on 16S-rRNA markers showed bacterial isolates B1 and B4 have an evolutionary relationship with B. subtilis. Whereas fungi C1 and C2 have evolutionary relationships with Aspergillus tubingensis and Trichoderma asperellum respectively, based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene markers. The results of this study can be used to develop indigenous microbial consortiums as biological control agents for phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae (Foc) on shallots.

scholarly journals DIVERSITY OF BACTERIAL ENDOPHYTES IN IN YOUNG AND OLD LEAVES OF ANDALEH PLANT (MORUS MACROURA MIQ.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Dwi Hilda Putri ◽  
Mades Fifendy ◽  
Moca Faulina Putri
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
The Village

Endphytic microbes are microscopic living organisms (bacteria and fungi) that live in plant tissues (xylem and phloem), leaves, roots, fruit, and stems. These microbes live symbiosis of mutual benefit. Morus macroura miq. or Andaleh is a native plant of western Sumatra that is considered rare. The purpose of this study was to isolate and identify entophytic bacteria found in young leaves and old leaves andaleh taken from the village Andaleh, Kec. Batipuah West Sumatra. The methods used to isolate endophytic bacteria from andaleh leaves are spread plate and streak plate. Identification of endophytic bacteria in macroscopic or colony morphology. A total of 12 isolates of endophytic bacteria from young andaleh leaf and 8 isolates of endophytic bacteria from andaleh leaf. Identification Microscopic using gram staining obtained bacteria 18 gram positive endophytic bacterial isolates and 2 isolate gram negative bacteria.

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of Bacteria in a Selenium-Contaminated Hypersaline Evaporation Pond

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 3785-3794 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. de Souza ◽  
A. Amini ◽  
M. A. Dojka ◽  
I. J. Pickering ◽  
S. C. Dawson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Hazard ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
San Joaquin Valley ◽  
Agricultural Drainage ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Evaporation Ponds ◽  
Uncultured Bacteria ◽  
X Ray Absorption ◽  
Identification And Characterization

ABSTRACT Solar evaporation ponds are commonly used to reduce the volume of seleniferous agricultural drainage water in the San Joaquin Valley, Calif. These hypersaline ponds pose an environmental health hazard because they are heavily contaminated with selenium (Se), mainly in the form of selenate. Se in the ponds may be removed by microbial Se volatilization, a bioremediation process whereby toxic, bioavailable selenate is converted to relatively nontoxic dimethylselenide gas. In order to identify microbes that may be used for Se bioremediation, a 16S ribosomal DNA phylogenetic analysis of an aerobic hypersaline pond in the San Joaquin Valley showed that a previously unaffiliated group of uncultured bacteria (belonging to the orderCytophagales) was dominant, followed by a group of cultured γ-Proteobacteria which was closely related to Halomonas species. Se K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy of selenate-treated bacterial isolates showed that they accumulated a mixture of predominantly selenate and a selenomethionine-like species, consistent with the idea that selenate was assimilated via the S assimilation pathway. One of these bacterial isolates (Halomonas-like strain MPD-51) was the best candidate for the bioremediation of hypersaline evaporation ponds contaminated with high Se concentrations because it tolerated 2 M selenate and 32.5% NaCl, grew rapidly in media containing selenate, and accumulated and volatilized Se at high rates (1.65 μg of Se g of protein−1 h−1), compared to other cultured bacterial isolates.

An Overview of the Current Code Provisions on the Seismic Response of Acceleration-Sensitive Non-Structural Components in Buildings

2016 ◽  
Vol 847 ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enzo Martinelli ◽  
Ciro Faella
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Assessment Practice ◽  
Design Assessment ◽  
Main Structure ◽  
Current State ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Observed Damage

The seismic response of non-structural components in civil and industrial buildings, often neglected or disregarded in the common design/assessment practice, revealed its dramatic relevance in recent seismic events that resulted in significant damage observed in the wide class of “objects” referred to as “non-structural components” (e.g., partitions, masonry infill, suspended ceilings, finishing, specific equipment and so on. The observed damage, sometimes leading to collapse of these components and even loss of human lives, highlighted the lack of knowledge that still affects both analysis procedures and design/assessment methods currently adopted for analysing their seismic response. This paper is mainly intended at providing readers with an overview of both the historical development and the current state of the formulations adopted by codes and standards for evaluating the maximum accelerations induced by seismic shakings on non-structural components. The difference among these formulations is firstly outlined and the predictions based on the most up-to-date codes are compared with the results of a wide parametric analysis based on a 2DOF system, intended at simulating the coupled response of both main structure and non-structural component. This parametric comparison shows that the current formulations are not fully capable of reproducing the effect of the interaction between main structure and non-structural components

Effect of phase of stimulation on acute damage caused by eccentric contractions in mouse soleus muscle

1996 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 1958-1962 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Length Change ◽  
Eccentric Contractions ◽  
Single Trial ◽  
Loop Method ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Length Changes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Work Loop

Eccentric contractions (activation during muscle lengthening) can cause muscle damage. The effect of phase of stimulation on the extent of muscle damage was studied by using the work-loop method. For the work-loop method, the muscle was subjected to sinusoidal length changes at 2 Hz. The muscle was activated at different times during the imposed length-change cycle; this time is called the phase of stimulation. Work was calculated from the loop formed when force was plotted against length. Work done was positive when the muscle was shortening and was negative when the muscle was lengthening; net work was the difference. One complete length-change cycle was 100 (i.e., given as a percentage of the cycle); shortening occurred from 25 to 75. The muscle did the most net work when stimulated at phase 20, that is, when activation started just before shortening. Damage was defined as a decrease in work. Significant damage occurred after a single trial of three consecutive eccentric contractions; the muscle did less positive and less net work because of the damage. Maximal damage occurred at phases 90 and 0, the center of the lengthening part of the length-change cycle (work decreased 10%). Negligible damage occurred at phases 20-40. Negative work (work required to lengthen the muscle) also decreased because of the damage. Eccentric contractions caused much more damage than concentric contractions during oscillatory work.

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