scholarly journals Experimental Biointegration of a Titanium Implant in Delayed Mandibular Reconstruction

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Dolgolev ◽  
Igor Reshetov ◽  
Dmitry Svyatoslavov ◽  
Mikhail Sinelnikov ◽  
Konstantin Kudrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Mandibular Reconstruction ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Plastic Plate ◽  
Extensive Resection ◽  
Bone Integration ◽  
Variable Integration

Background: Mandibular reconstruction, after extensive resection of the mandible for the treatment of oral cancer, is a well-known procedure, however, relatively little is known about bone integration into the titanium implant after reconstruction with a temporary plastic implant. The main goal of this experimental study was to study the process of osseous integration into the titanium implant in an in vivo experiment following prior mandibular reconstruction with a temporary plastic implant. Materials and Methods: Four ewes initially underwent a partial one-sided resection of the mandible, with the formation of an approximately 3 × 1 cm defect. All of the subjects received reconstruction with an implantation of a plastic plate (3 cm). The plastic plate was removed and replaced by a titanium implant at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months, accordingly. Both plastic and titanium implants were made via 3D-printing technology and personalized modeling. A total of 6 months after titanium implantation, a histological evaluation of biointegration was performed. Results: All surgeries were uncomplicated. The integration of osseous tissue into the titanium implant was seen in all cases. Histologically, each case showed variable integration of dense fibrotic tissue with fibroblasts and non-mature bone tissue with a definitive layer of bone matrix with many osteoblasts on the periphery. The prior implantation of the plastic plate did not interfere with bone integration into the titanium implant. Conclusion: Preliminary results demonstrated that a temporary plastic implant for mandibular reconstruction does not interfere with the consequent osseous biointegration of a permanent titanium implant. This shows that temporary reconstruction is a safe solution when delayed mandibular reconstruction is required due to disease severity.

Formation and In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Surface Modified Implants by HAp, Carbonated-HAp and Titanium Oxide

2007 ◽  
Vol 539-543 ◽  
pp. 687-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masazumi Okido ◽  
Ryoichi Ichino ◽  
Kotaro Kuroda
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Oxide ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Contact Ratio ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Mouse Osteoblast ◽  
Surface Modified

Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HAp), carbonated HAp and titanium oxide are of interest for bone-interfacing implant applications, because of their demonstrated osteoconductive properties. They were coated on the titanium implants and investigated the in vitro and in vivo performance. HAp coatings were performed by the thermal substrate method in aqueous solutions. Titanium oxide film was also formed on the titanium implants by gaseous oxidation, or by anodizing in the acidic solution. All the specimens covered with HAp, carbonated HAp or TiO2 (rutile or anatase). were characterized by XRD, EDX, FT-IR and SEM. In the in vitro testing, the mouse osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1) were cultured on the coated and non-coated specimens for up to 30 days. Moreover, the osseointegration was evaluated from the rod specimens implanted in rats femoral for up to 8 weeks. In in vivo evaluations two weeks postimplantation, new bone formed on the coated and non-coated titanium rods in the cancellous bone and cortical bone, respectively. Bone-implant contact ratio, in order to evaluate of new bone formation, was significantly depended on the compound formed on the titanium implant.

Does surface anodisation of titanium implants change osseointegration and make their extraction from bone any easier?

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 202-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Langhoff ◽  
J. Mayer ◽  
L. Faber ◽  
S. Kaestner ◽  
G. Guibert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
High Bone ◽  
Titanium Surfaces ◽  
Anodized Titanium ◽  
Titanium Implant Surface

Summary Objectives: Titanium implants have a tendency for high bone-implant bonding, and, in comparison to stainless steel implants are more difficult to remove. The current study was carried out to evaluate, i) the release strength of three selected anodized titanium surfaces with increased nanohardness and low roughness, and ii) bone-implant bonding in vivo. These modified surfaces were intended to give improved anchorage while facilitating easier removal of temporary implants. Material and methods: The new surfaces were referenced to a stainless steel implant and a standard titanium implant surface (TiMAX™). In a sheep limb model, healing period was 3 months. Bone-implant bonding was evaluated either biomechanically or histologically. Results: The new surface anodized screws demonstrated similar or slightly higher bone-implantcontact (BIC) and torque release forces than the titanium reference. The BIC of the stainless steel implants was significant lower than two of the anodized surfaces (p=0.04), but differences between stainless steel and all titanium implants in torque release forces were not significant (p=0.06). Conclusion: The new anodized titanium surfaces showed good bone-implant bonding despite a smooth surface and increased nanohardness. However, they failed to facilitate implant removal at 3 months.

scholarly journals The Affinity of Human Fetal Osteoblast to Laser-Modified Titanium Implant Fixtures

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Kian Khoo ◽  
Sirichai Kiattavorncharoen ◽  
Verasak Pairuchvej ◽  
Nisanat Lakkhanachatpan ◽  
Natthamet Wongsirichat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Cell Maturation ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Pure Grade

Introduction: Implant surface modification methods have recently involved laser treatment to achieve the desired implant surface characteristics. Meanwhile, surface modification could potentially introduce foreign elements to the implant surface during the manufacturing process. Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the surface chemistry and topography of commercially available laser-modified titanium implants, together with evaluating the cell morphology and cell adhesion of human fetal osteoblast (hFOB) seeded onto the same implants. Method: Six (6) samples of commercially available laser-modified titanium implants were investigated. These implants were manufactured by two different companies. Three (3) implants were made from commercially pure grade 4 Titanium (Brand X); and three were made from grade 5 Ti6Al4V (Brand Y). The surface topography of these implants was analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the surface chemistry was evaluated with electron dispersive x-ray spectroscopy(EDS). Human fetal osteoblasts were seeded onto the implant fixtures to investigate the biocompatibility and adhesion. Results & Discussion: Brand X displayed dark areas under SEM while it was rarely found on brand Y. These dark areas were consistent with their organic matter. The hFOB cell experiments revealed cell adhesion with filopodia on Brand X samples which is consistent with cell maturation. The cells on Brand Y were morphologically round and lacked projections, one sample was devoid of any noticeable cells under SEM. Cell adhesion was observed early at 48 hrs in laser-irradiated titanium fixtures from both the brands. Conclusion: The presence of organic impurities in Brand X should not be overlooked because disruption of the osseointegration process may occur due to the rejection of the biomaterial in an in-vivo model. Nevertheless, there was insufficient evidence to link implant failure directly with carbon contaminated implant surfaces. Further studies to determine the toxicity of Vanadium from Ti6Al4V in an in-vivo environment should indicate the reason for different cell maturation.

Biomimetic titanium implant coated with extracellular matrix enhances and accelerates osteogenesis

Nanomedicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (18) ◽  
pp. 1779-1793
Author(s):  
Yu Wu ◽  
Haikuo Tang ◽  
Lin Liu ◽  
Qianting He ◽  
Luodan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Titanium Surface ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Calcium Deposition

Aim: To evaluate the biological function of titanium implants coated with cell-derived mineralized extracellular matrix, which mimics a bony microenvironment. Materials & methods: A biomimetic titanium implant was fabricated primarily by modifying the titanium surface with TiO2 nanotubes or sand-blasted, acid-etched topography, then was coated with mineralized extracellular matrix constructed by culturing bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells. The osteogenic ability of biomimetic titanium surface in vitro and in vivo were evaluated. Results: In vitro and in vivo studies revealed that the biomimetic titanium implant enhanced and accelerated osteogenesis of bone marrow stromal cells by increasing cell proliferation and calcium deposition. Conclusion: By combining surface topography modification with biological coating, the results provided a valuable method to produce biomimetic titanium implants with excellent osteogenic ability.

Hyperlipidemia Impairs Osseointegration via the ROS/Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway

2021 ◽  
pp. 002203452098324
Author(s):  
Y.N. Wang ◽  
T.T. Jia ◽  
Y. Feng ◽  
S.Y. Liu ◽  
W.J. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Surface ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Target ◽  
Novel Drugs ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

The influence of hyperlipidemia on titanium implant osseointegration and the underlying mechanisms is not well understood. This study investigates the changes in osseointegration and explores the potential mechanisms in hyperlipidemia conditions. In vivo, specialized titanium implants were implanted in the femurs of diet-induced or genetic hyperlipidemia mice. In vitro, primary murine osteoblasts were cultured on the titanium surface in high-fat medium. Results showed that hyperlipidemia led to poor osseointegration in both types of mice in vivo, and high-fat medium impaired the osteogenic differentiation of primary osteoblasts on the titanium surface in vitro. In addition, high-fat medium caused significant overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in osteoblasts. Both N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC, an ROS antagonist) and Wnt3a (an activator of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway) attenuated the poor osteogenic ability of osteoblasts. In addition, NAC reactivated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in osteoblasts under high-fat stimulation. These results demonstrate that hyperlipidemia impairs osseointegration via the ROS/Wnt/β-catenin pathway and provide support for the ROS or Wnt/β-catenin pathway as a promising therapeutic target for the development of novel drugs or implant materials to improve the osseointegration of implants in hyperlipidemic patients.

scholarly journals Biochemical Modification of Titanium Oral Implants: Evidence from In Vivo Studies

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2798
Author(s):  
Saturnino Marco Lupi ◽  
Mirko Torchia ◽  
Silvana Rizzo
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Oral Implants ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Biochemical Modification ◽  
Modification Of Titanium

The discovery of osseointegration of titanium implants revolutionized the dental prosthesis field. Traditionally, implants have a surface that is processed by additive or subtractive techniques, which have positive effects on the osseointegration process by altering the topography. In the last decade, innovative implant surfaces have been developed, on which biologically active molecules have been immobilized with the aim of increasing stimulation at the implant–biological tissue interface, thus favoring the quality of osseointegration. Among these molecules, some are normally present in the human body, and the techniques for the immobilization of these molecules on the implant surface have been called Biochemical Modification of Titanium Surfaces (BMTiS). Different techniques have been described in order to immobilize those biomolecules on titanium implant surfaces. The aim of the present paper is to present evidence, available from in vivo studies, about the effects of biochemical modification of titanium oral implants on osseointegration.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Peri-Implant Bone Grafting Around Surface-Porous Dental Implants: An In Vivo Study in a Goat Model

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 3606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Alshehri ◽  
Mohammed Alshehri ◽  
Terrence Sumague ◽  
Abdurahman Niazy ◽  
John Jansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Bone Ingrowth ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Porous Titanium ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Biomechanical Assessment ◽  
Growth Area

Dental implants with surface-porous designs have been recently developed. Clinically, peri-implant bone grafting is expected to promote early osseointegration and bone ingrowth when applied with surface-porous dental implants in challenging conditions. The aim of this study was to comparatively analyze peri-implant bone healing around solid implants and surface-porous implants with and without peri-implant bone grafting, using biomechanical and histomorphometrical assessment in a goat iliac bone model. A total of 36 implants (4.1 mm wide, 11.5 mm long) divided into three groups, solid titanium implant (STI; n = 12), porous titanium implants (PTI; n = 12) and PTI with peri-implant bone grafting using biphasic calcium phosphate granules (PTI + BCP; n = 12), were placed bilaterally in the iliac crests of six goats. The goats were sacrificed seven weeks post-operatively and then subjected to biomechanical (n = 6 per group) and histomorphometrical (n = 6 per group) assessment. The biomechanical assessment revealed no significant differences between the three types of implants. Although the peri-implant bone-area (PIBA%) measured by histomorphometry (STI: 8.63 ± 3.93%, PTI: 9.89 ± 3.69%, PTI + BCP: 9.28 ± 2.61%) was similar for the three experimental groups, the percentage of new bone growth area (BGA%) inside the porous implant portion was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the PTI group (10.67 ± 4.61%) compared to the PTI + BCP group (6.50 ± 6.53%). These data demonstrate that peri-implant bone grafting around surface-porous dental implants does not significantly accelerate early osseointegration and bone ingrowth.

Histological Evaluation of Percutaneous Device with Different Materials

2006 ◽  
Vol 309-311 ◽  
pp. 423-426
Author(s):  
L. Zheng ◽  
T. Yuan ◽  
Y.M. Jiang ◽  
J.M. Luo ◽  
Xing Dong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Tissue Reaction ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
New Device ◽  
Percutaneous Device ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Implant Integration

Biological sealing is a key factor for successful development of percutaneous device (PD). A new device with arc-perforated flange as subcutaneous part and groove-shaped percutaneous part, was intended to improve integration of soft tissue and implant. Material and surface properties are known to have great impact on tissue-implant integration. To understand how a material and its surface property can influence tissue reaction, and to find the appropriate material for PD fabrication, five different kinds of materials were prepared for in vivo animal tests with corresponding histological evaluation. Results revealed that a more stable junction was formed between the soft tissue and HA coated titanium implant than other combinations.

Osseointegration interface of calcified bone and endosseous implants

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1096-1097
Author(s):  
K.E. Krizan ◽  
J.E. Laffoon ◽  
M.J. Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Structure And Function ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Endosseous Implants ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cacodylate Buffer ◽  
One Year ◽  
And Function

With increase use of tissue-integrated prostheses in recent years it is a goal to understand what is happening at the interface between haversion bone and bulk metal. This study uses electron microscopy (EM) techniques to establish parameters for osseointegration (structure and function between bone and nonload-carrying implants) in an animal model. In the past the interface has been evaluated extensively with light microscopy methods. Today researchers are using the EM for ultrastructural studies of the bone tissue and implant responses to an in vivo environment. Under general anesthesia nine adult mongrel dogs received three Brånemark (Nobelpharma) 3.75 × 7 mm titanium implants surgical placed in their left zygomatic arch. After a one year healing period the animals were injected with a routine bone marker (oxytetracycline), euthanized and perfused via aortic cannulation with 3% glutaraldehyde in 0.1M cacodylate buffer pH 7.2. Implants were retrieved en bloc, harvest radiographs made (Fig. 1), and routinely embedded in plastic. Tissue and implants were cut into 300 micron thick wafers, longitudinally to the implant with an Isomet saw and diamond wafering blade [Beuhler] until the center of the implant was reached.

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