scholarly journals The Affinity of Human Fetal Osteoblast to Laser-Modified Titanium Implant Fixtures

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Kian Khoo ◽  
Sirichai Kiattavorncharoen ◽  
Verasak Pairuchvej ◽  
Nisanat Lakkhanachatpan ◽  
Natthamet Wongsirichat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Cell Maturation ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Pure Grade

Introduction: Implant surface modification methods have recently involved laser treatment to achieve the desired implant surface characteristics. Meanwhile, surface modification could potentially introduce foreign elements to the implant surface during the manufacturing process. Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the surface chemistry and topography of commercially available laser-modified titanium implants, together with evaluating the cell morphology and cell adhesion of human fetal osteoblast (hFOB) seeded onto the same implants. Method: Six (6) samples of commercially available laser-modified titanium implants were investigated. These implants were manufactured by two different companies. Three (3) implants were made from commercially pure grade 4 Titanium (Brand X); and three were made from grade 5 Ti6Al4V (Brand Y). The surface topography of these implants was analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the surface chemistry was evaluated with electron dispersive x-ray spectroscopy(EDS). Human fetal osteoblasts were seeded onto the implant fixtures to investigate the biocompatibility and adhesion. Results & Discussion: Brand X displayed dark areas under SEM while it was rarely found on brand Y. These dark areas were consistent with their organic matter. The hFOB cell experiments revealed cell adhesion with filopodia on Brand X samples which is consistent with cell maturation. The cells on Brand Y were morphologically round and lacked projections, one sample was devoid of any noticeable cells under SEM. Cell adhesion was observed early at 48 hrs in laser-irradiated titanium fixtures from both the brands. Conclusion: The presence of organic impurities in Brand X should not be overlooked because disruption of the osseointegration process may occur due to the rejection of the biomaterial in an in-vivo model. Nevertheless, there was insufficient evidence to link implant failure directly with carbon contaminated implant surfaces. Further studies to determine the toxicity of Vanadium from Ti6Al4V in an in-vivo environment should indicate the reason for different cell maturation.

scholarly journals The Effect of Hydroxyapatite Nanocrystals on Osseointegration of Titanium Implants: AnIn VivoRabbit Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Breding ◽  
Ryo Jimbo ◽  
Mariko Hayashi ◽  
Ying Xue ◽  
Kamal Mustafa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Calcium Phosphates ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Nanocrystals

Osseointegration is dependent on implant surface characteristics, including surface chemistry and topography. The presence of nanosized calcium phosphates on the implant surface is interesting to investigate since they affect both the nanotopography and surface chemistry, forming a bone mineral resembling surface. In this work, the osseointegration of titanium implants with and without the presence of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocrystals has been evaluatedin vivo. The integration was examined using removal torque measurements and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. The study was performed using two healing time points, 3 and 12 weeks. The results showed that the torque needed to remove the implants was insignificant between the non- and HA-coated implants, both at weeks 3 and 12. The RT-PCR, however, showed significant differences for osteoblast, osteoclast, and proinflammation markers when HA nanocrystals were present.

scholarly journals Cellular Responses Evoked by Different Surface Characteristics of Intraosseous Titanium Implants

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liviu Feller ◽  
Yusuf Jadwat ◽  
Razia A. G. Khammissa ◽  
Robin Meyerov ◽  
Israel Schechter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Cellular Responses ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Bone To Implant Contact ◽  
And Migration

The properties of biomaterials, including their surface microstructural topography and their surface chemistry or surface energy/wettability, affect cellular responses such as cell adhesion, proliferation, and migration. The nanotopography of moderately rough implant surfaces enhances the production of biological mediators in the peri-implant microenvironment with consequent recruitment of differentiating osteogenic cells to the implant surface and stimulates osteogenic maturation. Implant surfaces with moderately rough topography and with high surface energy promote osteogenesis, increase the ratio of bone-to-implant contact, and increase the bonding strength of the bone to the implant at the interface. Certain features of implant surface chemistry are also important in enhancing peri-implant bone wound healing. It is the purpose of this paper to review some of the more important features of titanium implant surfaces which have an impact on osseointegration.

Does surface anodisation of titanium implants change osseointegration and make their extraction from bone any easier?

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 202-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Langhoff ◽  
J. Mayer ◽  
L. Faber ◽  
S. Kaestner ◽  
G. Guibert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
High Bone ◽  
Titanium Surfaces ◽  
Anodized Titanium ◽  
Titanium Implant Surface

Summary Objectives: Titanium implants have a tendency for high bone-implant bonding, and, in comparison to stainless steel implants are more difficult to remove. The current study was carried out to evaluate, i) the release strength of three selected anodized titanium surfaces with increased nanohardness and low roughness, and ii) bone-implant bonding in vivo. These modified surfaces were intended to give improved anchorage while facilitating easier removal of temporary implants. Material and methods: The new surfaces were referenced to a stainless steel implant and a standard titanium implant surface (TiMAX™). In a sheep limb model, healing period was 3 months. Bone-implant bonding was evaluated either biomechanically or histologically. Results: The new surface anodized screws demonstrated similar or slightly higher bone-implantcontact (BIC) and torque release forces than the titanium reference. The BIC of the stainless steel implants was significant lower than two of the anodized surfaces (p=0.04), but differences between stainless steel and all titanium implants in torque release forces were not significant (p=0.06). Conclusion: The new anodized titanium surfaces showed good bone-implant bonding despite a smooth surface and increased nanohardness. However, they failed to facilitate implant removal at 3 months.

scholarly journals Development of a Surface-Functionalized Titanium Implant for Promoting Osseointegration: Surface Characteristics, Hemocompatibility, and In Vivo Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8582
Author(s):  
Ping-Jen Hou ◽  
Syamsiah Syam ◽  
Wen-Chien Lan ◽  
Keng-Liang Ou ◽  
Bai-Hung Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Cell Aggregation ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Pluronic F127 ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
The Impact

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of surface-modified biomedical titanium (Ti) dental implant on osseointegration. The surfaces were modified using an innovative dip-coating technique (IDCT; sandblasted, large-grit, and acid-etched, then followed by coating with the modified pluronic F127 biodegradable polymer). The surface morphology and hemocompatibility evaluations were investigated by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, while the contact analysis was observed by goniometer. The IDCT-modified Ti implant was also implanted in patients with missing teeth by single-stage surgical procedure then observed immediately and again four months after placement by cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT) imaging. It was found that the IDCT-modified Ti implant was rougher than the dental implant without surface modification. Contact angle analysis showed the IDCT-modified Ti implant was lower than the dental implant without surface modification. The hemocompatibility evaluations showed greater red blood cell aggregation and fibrin filament formation on the IDCT-modified Ti implant. The radiographic and CBCT image displayed new bone formation at four months after the IDCT-modified Ti implant placement. Therefore, this study suggests that the IDCT-modified Ti dental implant has great potential to accelerate osseointegration.

scholarly journals Biochemical Modification of Titanium Oral Implants: Evidence from In Vivo Studies

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2798
Author(s):  
Saturnino Marco Lupi ◽  
Mirko Torchia ◽  
Silvana Rizzo
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Oral Implants ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Biochemical Modification ◽  
Modification Of Titanium

The discovery of osseointegration of titanium implants revolutionized the dental prosthesis field. Traditionally, implants have a surface that is processed by additive or subtractive techniques, which have positive effects on the osseointegration process by altering the topography. In the last decade, innovative implant surfaces have been developed, on which biologically active molecules have been immobilized with the aim of increasing stimulation at the implant–biological tissue interface, thus favoring the quality of osseointegration. Among these molecules, some are normally present in the human body, and the techniques for the immobilization of these molecules on the implant surface have been called Biochemical Modification of Titanium Surfaces (BMTiS). Different techniques have been described in order to immobilize those biomolecules on titanium implant surfaces. The aim of the present paper is to present evidence, available from in vivo studies, about the effects of biochemical modification of titanium oral implants on osseointegration.

Employment of ultrasonic assisted turning in the fabrication of microtextures to improve the surface adhesion of the titanium implant

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440542110110
Author(s):  
Mehdi Zamani ◽  
Masoud Farahnakian ◽  
Sadegh Elhami
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Textured Surfaces ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Micro Dimples

Since the presentation of the cell adhesion concept, properties of the contact surface between osteoblasts and titanium implant and possible methods to enhance related characteristics have attracted much attention in orthopedic investigations. The creation of microtextures on the titanium implant is an important method to improve cell adhesion. This research includes the employment of Ultrasonic Assisted Turning (UAT) to create special microtextures on the titanium implant. Also, the developed interfacial ratio (Sdr) are analyzed to understand the effect of main surface characteristics on the adhesion behavior and parameters. Moreover, the effects of ultrasonic vibrations on Sdr are presented by theoretical relation and graphical modeling. Results showed micro dimples (textures) depth and width were a function of ultrasonic characteristics (amplitude and direction) and cutting speed of turning. Developed interfacial ratio (Sdr) was another surface parameter that improved by UAT (about 20% in geometrical simulations) while surface roughness did not change significantly by the application of UAT. SEM images show larger integrin and extended fibronectin of osteoblast which adhered to the textured surfaces. This result demonstrated the abilities of UAT to fabricate titanium implants with enhanced adhesion properties for osteoblast cells.

Calcium Phosphate-Coated Titanium Implants in the Mandible: Limitations of the in vivo Minipig Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 177-187
Author(s):  
Till Kämmerer ◽  
Tony Lesmeister ◽  
Victor Palarie ◽  
Eik Schiegnitz ◽  
Andrea Schröter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Surface Modifications ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Press Fit ◽  
Endosseous Implant ◽  
Bone To Implant Contact

Introduction: We aimed to compare implant osseointegration with calcium phosphate (CaP) surfaces and rough subtractive-treated sandblasted/acid etched surfaces (SA) in an in vivo minipig mandible model. Materials and Methods: A total of 36 cylindrical press-fit implants with two different surfaces (CaP, n = 18; SA, n = 18) were inserted bilaterally into the mandible of 9 adult female minipigs. After 2, 4, and 8 weeks, we analyzed the cortical bone-to-implant contact (cBIC; %) and area coverage of bone-to-implant contact within representative bone chambers (aBIC; %). Results: After 2 weeks, CaP implants showed no significant increase in cBIC and aBIC compared to SA (cBIC: mean 38 ± 5 vs. 16 ± 11%; aBIC: mean 21 ± 1 vs. 6 ± 9%). Two CaP implants failed to achieve osseointegration. After 4 weeks, no statistical difference between CaP and SA was seen for cBIC (mean 54 ± 15 vs. 43 ± 16%) and aBIC (mean 43 ± 28 vs. 32 ± 6). However, we excluded two implants in each group due to failure of osseointegration. After 8 weeks, we observed no significant intergroup differences (cBIC: 18 ± 9 vs. 18 ± 20%; aBIC: 13 ± 8 vs. 16 ± 9%). Again, three CaP implants and two SA implants had to be excluded due to failure of osseointegration. Conclusion: Due to multiple implant losses, we cannot recommend the oral mandibular minipig in vivo model for future endosseous implant research. Considering the higher rate of osseointegration failure, CaP coatings may provide an alternative to common subtractive implant surface modifications in the early phase post-insertion.

scholarly journals Titanium oral implants: surface characteristics, interface biology and clinical outcome

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (suppl_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Palmquist ◽  
Omar M. Omar ◽  
Marco Esposito ◽  
Jukka Lausmaa ◽  
Peter Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Surface Properties ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Material Surface ◽  
Oral Implants

Bone-anchored titanium implants have revolutionized oral healthcare. Surface properties of oral titanium implants play decisive roles for molecular interactions, cellular response and bone regeneration. Nevertheless, the role of specific surface properties, such as chemical and phase composition and nanoscale features, for the biological in vivo performance remains to be established. Partly, this is due to limited transfer of state-of-the-art preparation techniques to complex three-dimensional geometries, analytical tools and access to minute, intact interfacial layers. As judged by the available results of a few randomized clinical trials, there is no evidence that any particular type of oral implant has superior long-term success. Important insights into the recruitment of mesenchymal stem cells, cell–cell communication at the interface and high-resolution imaging of the interface between the surface oxide and the biological host are prerequisites for the understanding of the mechanisms of osseointegration. Strategies for development of the next generation of material surface modifications for compromised tissue are likely to include time and functionally programmed properties, pharmacological modulation and incorporation of cellular components.

Alkali-Modified Titanium Surface Stimulating Formation of Bone-Implant Interface

2007 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 749-752
Author(s):  
J. Strnad ◽  
Jan Macháček ◽  
Z. Strnad ◽  
C. Povýšil ◽  
Marie Strnadová
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Bone Response ◽  
Modified Surface ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Titanium Implant Surface

This study was carried out to assess the bone response to alkali-modified titanium implant surface (Bio surface), using histomorphometric investigation on an animal model. The mean net contribution of the Bio surface to the increase in bone implant contact (BIC) with reference to the turned, machined surface was evaluated at 7.94 % (BIC/week), within the first five weeks of healing. The contribution was expressed as the difference in the osseointegration rates ( BIC/'healing time) between the implants with alkali modified surface (Bio surface) and those with turned, machined surface. The surface characteristics that differed between the implant surfaces, i.e. surface morphology, specific surface area, contact angle, hydroxylation/hydration, may represent factors that influence the rate of osseointegration.

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