scholarly journals Gut and Endometrial Microbiome Dysbiosis: A New Emergent Risk Factor for Endometrial Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 659
Author(s):  
Soukaina Boutriq ◽  
Alicia González-González ◽  
Isaac Plaza-Andrades ◽  
Aurora Laborda-Illanes ◽  
Lidia Sánchez-Alcoholado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Estrogen Metabolism ◽  
Type I ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Current State ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
Gynaecological Malignancies ◽  
The Relationship

Endometrial cancer is one of the most common gynaecological malignancies worldwide. Histologically, two types of endometrial cancer with morphological and molecular differences and also therapeutic implications have been identified. Type I endometrial cancer has an endometrioid morphology and is estrogen-dependent, while Type II appears with non-endometrioid differentiation and follows an estrogen-unrelated pathway. Understanding the molecular biology and genetics of endometrial cancer is crucial for its prognosis and the development of novel therapies for its treatment. However, until now, scant attention has been paid to environmental components like the microbiome. Recently, due to emerging evidence that the uterus is not a sterile cavity, some studies have begun to investigate the composition of the endometrial microbiome and its role in endometrial cancer. In this review, we summarize the current state of this line of investigation, focusing on the relationship between gut and endometrial microbiome and inflammation, estrogen metabolism, and different endometrial cancer therapies.

scholarly journals Role of Precision Oncology in Type II Endometrial and Prostate Cancers in the African Population: Global Cancer Genomics Disparities

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 628
Author(s):  
Rahaba Marima ◽  
Rodney Hull ◽  
Mandisa Mbeje ◽  
Thulo Molefi ◽  
Kgomotso Mathabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
African Ancestry ◽  
African Population ◽  
Precision Oncology ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Prostate Cancers ◽  
The Relationship

Precision oncology can be defined as molecular profiling of tumors to identify targetable alterations. Emerging research reports the high mortality rates associated with type II endometrial cancer in black women and with prostate cancer in men of African ancestry. The lack of adequate genetic reference information from the African genome is one of the major obstacles in exploring the benefits of precision oncology in the African context. Whilst external factors such as the geography, environment, health-care access and socio-economic status may contribute greatly towards the disparities observed in type II endometrial and prostate cancers in black populations compared to Caucasians, the contribution of African ancestry to the contribution of genetics to the etiology of these cancers cannot be ignored. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) continue to emerge as important regulators of gene expression and the key molecular pathways involved in tumorigenesis. Particular attention is focused on activated/repressed genes and associated pathways, while the redundant pathways (pathways that have the same outcome or activate the same downstream effectors) are often ignored. However, comprehensive evidence to understand the relationship between type II endometrial cancer, prostate cancer and African ancestry remains poorly understood. The sub-Saharan African (SSA) region has both the highest incidence and mortality of both type II endometrial and prostate cancers. Understanding how the entire transcriptomic landscape of these two reproductive cancers is regulated by ncRNAs in an African cohort may help elucidate the relationship between race and pathological disparities of these two diseases. This review focuses on global disparities in medicine, PCa and ECa. The role of precision oncology in PCa and ECa in the African population will also be discussed.

scholarly journals High Expression of Ecto-Nucleotidases CD39 and CD73 in Human Endometrial Tumors

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabet Aliagas ◽  
August Vidal ◽  
Laura Texidó ◽  
Jordi Ponce ◽  
Enric Condom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Extracellular Adenosine ◽  
Serous Tumors ◽  
Female Genital

One of the strategies used by tumors to evade immunosurveillance is the accumulation of extracellular adenosine, which has immunosupressive and tumor promoting effects. The study of the mechanisms leading to adenosine formation at the tumor interstitium are therefore of great interest in oncology. The dominant pathway generating extracellular adenosine in tumors is the dephosphorylation of ATP by ecto-nucleotidases. Two of these enzymes acting sequentially, CD39 and CD73, efficiently hydrolyze extracellular ATP to adenosine. They have been found to play a crucial role in a variety of tumors, but there were no data concerning endometrial cancer, the most frequent of the invasive tumors of the female genital tract. The aim of the present work is to study the expression of CD39 and CD73 in human endometrial cancer. We have analyzed protein and gene expression, as well as enzyme activity, in type I endometrioid adenocarcinomas and type II serous adenocarcinomas and their nonpathological endometrial counterparts. High levels of both enzymes were found in tumor samples, with significantly increased expression of CD39 in type II serous tumors, which also coincided with the higher tumor grade. Our results reinforce the involvement of the adenosinergic system in cancer, emphasizing the relevance of ecto-nucleotidases as emerging therapeutic targets in oncology.

Revisiting the Relationships between Turkish Prospective Teachers' Thinking Styles and Behaviors Fostering Creativity

2017 ◽  
pp. 136-157
Author(s):  
Ayhan Dikici
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Prospective Teachers ◽  
Zero Order ◽  
Thinking Styles ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Quadratic Trend ◽  
Fostering Creativity ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter aims to reexamine the relationship between Turkish prospective teachers' thinking styles and creativity fostering behaviors. In the study, 182 Turkish prospective teachers were participated. The Thinking Styles Inventory (TSI) and Creativity Fostering Teacher Index Scale (CFTIS) were administered to participants. An exploratory factor analysis, zero order and partial correlation, linear and quadratic trend analysis were conducted on the data. The results indicated that Type I thinking styles are a more powerful predictor for creativity fostering behaviors than Type II thinking styles. Prospective teachers' implicit opinions about creativity negatively predicted to CFTIS. Relationship between Type I and Type II thinking styles, and creativity fostering behaviors were positively significant in the results of quadratic trend analysis; however, the relationship between implicit opinions about creativity and creativity fostering behaviors were negatively significant in the analysis. The results obtained from the study were discussed based on previous studies.

scholarly journals Targeted Therapies in Type II Endometrial Cancers: Too Little, but Not Too Late

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiel Remmerie ◽  
Veerle Janssens
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Targeted Therapies ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii

Type II endometrial carcinomas (ECs) are responsible for most endometrial cancer-related deaths due to their aggressive nature, late stage detection and high tolerance for standard therapies. However, there are no targeted therapies for type II ECs, and they are still treated the same way as the clinically indolent and easily treatable type I ECs. Therefore, type II ECs are in need of new treatment options. More recently, molecular analysis of endometrial cancer revealed phosphorylation-dependent oncogenic signalling in the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways to be most frequently altered in type II ECs. Consequently, clinical trials tested pharmacologic kinase inhibitors targeting these pathways, although mostly with rather disappointing results. In this review, we highlight the most common genetic alterations in type II ECs. Additionally, we reason why most clinical trials for ECs using targeted kinase inhibitors had unsatisfying results and what should be changed in future clinical trial setups. Furthermore, we argue that, besides kinases, phosphatases should no longer be ignored in clinical trials, particularly in type II ECs, where the tumour suppressive phosphatase protein phosphatase type 2A (PP2A) is frequently mutated. Lastly, we discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting PP2A for (re)activation, possibly in combination with pharmacologic kinase inhibitors.

Association of Modic changes with health-related quality of life among patients referred to spine surgery

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juhani Määttä ◽  
Hannu Kautiainen ◽  
Ville Leinonen ◽  
Jaakko Niinimäki ◽  
Salme Järvenpää ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Spine Surgery ◽  
Modic Changes ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBackground and purposeModic changes (MC) are bone marrow and vertebral endplate lesions seen in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) which have been found to be associated with low back pain (LBP), but the association between MC and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between MC and HRQoL among patients referred to spine surgery.MethodsThe study population consisted of 181 patients referred to lumbar spine surgery in Northern and Eastern Finland between June 2007 and January 2011. HRQoL was assessed using RAND-36 health survey. Lumbar MC were evaluated and classified into ‘No MC’, ‘Type I’ (Type I or I/II), and ‘Type II’ (Type II, II/III or III).ResultsIn total, 84 patients (46%) had MC. Of these, 37% had ‘Type I’ and 63% ‘Type II’. Patients with MC were older, more likely females, had longer duration of LBP and a higher degree of disc degeneration than patients without MC. The total physical component or physical dimensions did not differ significantly between the groups. The total mental component of RAND-36 (P = 0.010), and dimensions of energy (P = 0.023), emotional well-being (P = 0.012) and emotional role functioning (P = 0.016) differed significantly between the groups after adjustments for age and gender. In the mental dimension scores, a statistically significant difference was found between ‘No MC’ and ‘Type II’.ConclusionsAmong patients referred to spine surgery, MC were not associated with physical dimensions of HRQoL including dimension of pain. However, ‘Type II’ MC were associated with lower mental status of HRQoL.ImplicationsOur study would suggest that Type II MC were associated with a worse mental status. This may affect the outcome of surgery as it is well recognized that patients with depression, for instance, have smaller improvements in HRQoL and disability. Thus the value of operative treatment for these patients should be recognized and taken into consideration in treatment. Our study shows that MC may affect outcome and thus clinicians and researchers should be cognizant of this and take this into account when comparing outcomes of surgical treatment in the future. A longitudinal study would be needed to properly address the relationship of MC with surgical outcome.

scholarly journals Intake of coffee, caffeine and other methylxanthines and risk of Type I vs Type II endometrial cancer

2013 ◽  
Vol 109 (7) ◽  
pp. 1908-1913 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Uccella ◽  
A Mariani ◽  
A H Wang ◽  
R A Vierkant ◽  
W A Cliby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii

scholarly journals STUDIES ON MENINGOCOCCUS INFECTION

1935 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Rake
Keyword(s):  
Carrier State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Serological Reaction ◽  
Protective Antibodies ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Atypical Strains

The investigation of this isolated epidemic of meningococcus meningitis at a C.C.C. camp gave an opportunity to examine the carrier state in contacts carrying what were presumably virulent epidemic strains of organisms. With the aid of Miller's technique for the enhancement of the demonstrable virulence of meningococci for mice, it proved possible to test the virulence of the carrier strains from Camp Rusk. These results were consistent despite the interval of from 3 to 4 weeks which intervened between the isolation of the strains and the virulence titrations. Type I strains were found to have a high virulence, while the virulence of Type II strains was moderately high but definitely less than that of the Type I, and atypical strains and strains of N. catarrhalis isolated from carriers showed a very low virulence. The question of the precise nature of the carrier state was investigated. No evidence has been obtained yet as to the existence of a relationship between pharyngitis, coryza or upper respiratory disease and the presence and degree of the carrier state. This is unlike the situation with regard to pneumococcus carriers. On the other hand, it has proved possible to demonstrate reactions within the body to the meningococci in the nasopharynx, consisting of the formation of agglutinins and protective antibodies in the blood serum. 32.3 per cent of Type I and 60 per cent of Type II carrier sera showed moderate or good agglutinins for homologous organisms and 80 per cent of Type I and 40 per cent of Type II sera showed moderate or good protective antibodies against virulent homologous strains. No idea could be obtained as to the relationship of the presence or absence and the degree of serological reaction and the duration of the carrier state.

scholarly journals Associated characteristics and impact on recurrence and survival of free-floating tumor fragments in the lumen of fallopian tubes in Type I and Type II endometrial cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin B. Albright ◽  
Jonathan D. Black ◽  
Rachel Passarelli ◽  
Stefan Gysler ◽  
Margaret Whicker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Fallopian Tubes
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document