A Prospective Study on the Association between Oxidative Stress and Duration of Symptoms in Allergic Rhinitis

Oxidative stress has been known to play an important role in inflammatory responses of allergic rhinitis. We investigated the association between degree of oxidative stress and severity of allergic rhinitis. A total 226 allergic rhinitis students were classified by a history of allergic rhinitis into groups according to number and duration of symptoms within the previous year. The total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) levels were compared among groups. Mean TAS level (14.03 ± 9.09 mmol/L) in the group with more than six months of symptoms had a tendency to be higher (p = 0.068) than that of the group with fewer than six months (12.33 ± 8.83 mmol/L). There was no statistically significant difference in mean TAS or TOS level with number of symptoms (nasal congestion, itching, sneezing and watery rhinorrhea). A multivariate logistic regression showed that the adjusted odds ratio of TAS was 1.655 and the adjusted odds ratio of TOS was 0.972 in more than a six-month duration group. The TAS level was significantly associated with a more than six-month symptom duration (p = 0.034). Our results suggest that antioxidant activity increased when allergic rhinitis became chronic and further research will be needed considering the disease severity.

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Symptom Duration and CT Findings in Pediatric Neck Infection

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1016/j.otohns.2008.05.221 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽

pp. P69-P69

Author(s):

Abby C Meyer ◽

Tyler G Kimbrough ◽

Marsha Finkelstein ◽

James D Sidman

Keyword(s):

Blood Cell ◽

Ct Scan ◽

White Blood Cell ◽

Peritonsillar Abscess ◽

Symptom Duration ◽

Duration Of Symptoms ◽

Radiographic Findings ◽

Neck Infection ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Significant Difference

Objective To test the hypothesis that children with less than 48 hours of localized symptoms of deep space neck infections are less likely to have an abscess on CT than children with at least 48 hours of localized symptoms. Methods Children seen in a tertiary hospital between 2000 and 2007 with infections of the head and neck region, excluding peritonsillar abscess, were identified. Data regarding presentation, physical exam findings, radiographic findings, and treatment were extracted. Results Of 179 children identified, 167 (93.3%) underwent a CT scan of the neck, of which 102 (61.1%) were positive for abscess. The median duration of symptoms in children with and without abscess on CT were the same (48 hours). There was no significant difference in the rate of abscess on CT between children with less than 48 hours of localizing symptoms and 48 or more hours of symptoms at 58.1% and 57.7% respectively (p=0.96). Furthermore, there were no significant difference in gender, C-reactive protein levels, or disease location between children with and without abscess on CT. White blood cell counts were significantly higher in the abscess group (p=0.01), however the median white blood cell count in both groups was above normal. Conclusions Because duration of symptoms does not predict finding of abscess on CT scan in pediatric deep neck space infections, it is appropriate to obtain a CT scan upon presentation in all children with symptoms concerning for deep neck space abscess.

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Relationship between diet, oxidative stress, and inflammation in ankylosing spondylitis

Archives of Rheumatology ◽

10.46497/archrheumatol.2022.9015 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kübra Tel Adıgüzel ◽

Fatma Gül Yurdakul ◽

Nilgün Seremet Kürklü ◽

Evren Yaşar ◽

Hatice Bodur

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Antioxidant Status ◽

Total Antioxidant Status ◽

Stress Index ◽

Control Group ◽

Dietary Record ◽

Significant Difference

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the relationship between disease activity, dietary phytochemical index (DPI), and serum total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Patients and methods: Between August 2020 and January 2021, a total of 37 patients (23 males, 14 females; mean age: 39.3±9.4 years; range, 21 to 61 years) with AS and 36 age-, sex-, and body mass index-matched healthy individuals (24 males, 12 females; mean age: 37.9±8.9 years; range, 20 to 60 years) were included. Serum TAS (μmoLTroloxEq/L) and TOS (μmoL H2O2Eq/L) measurements were performed and the oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. Dietary evaluation was made from a one-day dietary record and DPI was calculated. Results: Serum TAS level in AS patients was significantly lower than the healthy group (p=0.003). Serum TOS level was similar in both groups. The OSI of patients was significantly higher than the controls (p=0.035). The mean DPI, polyunsaturated fatty acid, n-3 fatty acid, and vitamin C intake of patients were significantly lower than controls (p=0.042, p=0.033, and p=0.022, respectively). A moderate positive correlation was found between the TAS level and DPI of the control group (r=0.352, p=0.035). According to medications, no significant difference was seen between the groups in terms of patients’ characteristics, DPI, and laboratory tests and there was no correlation between DPI, TAS, TOS, and OSI. Conclusion: Lower DPI and lower n-3 fatty acid and vitamin C intake in patient group demonstrated that patients with AS should pay more attention to their diet to increase serum antioxidant status.

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High Dose Pomegranate Extract Suppresses Neutrophil Myeloperoxidase and Induces Oxidative Stress in a Rat Model of Sepsis

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000563 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 89 (5-6) ◽

pp. 271-284 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sanaz Tavasoli ◽

Shahryar Eghtesadi ◽

Mohamadreza Vafa ◽

Maziar Moradi-Lakeh ◽

Alireza Sadeghipour ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Rat Model ◽

Inflammatory Responses ◽

Cecal Ligation ◽

Total Antioxidant Status ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Pomegranate Juice ◽

High Dose ◽

Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽

Sepsis Induction

Abstract. Introduction: The effect of using high dose pomegranate extract on sepsis and its safety is not clarified. Considering the fact that proper immune and inflammatory responses are needed to cope with infection, the aim of current study was to assess the effect of high dose pomegranate extract consumption on oxidative and inflammatory responses after disease induction in rat model of sepsis. Methods: Sepsis was induced by Cecal Ligation and Perforation (CLP) surgery. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into three groups of eight animals: Sham; CLP and POMx [consumed POMx (250 mg of pomegranate fruit extract/kg/day) for four weeks before CLP]. Results: Peritoneal neutrophil myeloperoxidase activity was significantly lower in POMx compared with Sham and CLP groups ( p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). Although antioxidant enzymes were higher in POMx group after sepsis induction, lower serum total antioxidant status (TAS) (p < 0.01 compared with both CLP and Sham groups) and higher liver thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) levels were observed in this group ( p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, compared with Sham and CLP groups, respectively). Conclusion: High dose POMx consumption prior to sepsis induction, suppressed the vital function of neutrophils in early hours after sepsis initiation, resulting in higher oxidative stress. These findings indicate that caution should be made in using high dose pomegranate products. The main message of current study is that such useful compounds as antioxidants including pomegranate juice which have beneficial effects on general health status may have detrimental effects if misused or used in high doses.

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Oxidative Stress Level in Patients with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Journal of Neurological Surgery Part A Central European Neurosurgery ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1739207 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anas Abdallah ◽

Eray Metin Guler ◽

İrfan Çınar ◽

Meliha Gündağ Papaker ◽

Selçuk Yapar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Early Stage ◽

Dynamic Balance ◽

Length Of Hospital Stay ◽

Total Antioxidant Status ◽

Stress Index ◽

Nominal Data ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Background One of the antioxidant mechanisms is the dynamic balance between thiol and disulfide, which, in subarachnoid hemorrhage and other chronic diseases, is disrupted in favor of the latter. The two most commonly used oxidative stress (OS) biochemical markers are the oxidative stress index (OSI) value, which indicates the total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) balance, and the thiol–disulfide (TDS) value, which indicates the total thiol (TT) and native thiol (NT) balance. High OS levels require further investigations. We aimed to investigate the OS level in aneurysmal SAH (aSAH) patients. methods In this clinical prospective study, blood samples were collected from 50 consecutively treated patients with aSAH and 50 volunteers. Serum TOS, TAS, TT, and NT levels were measured using Erel's method via a spectrophotometer. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores, Fisher grades, length of hospital stay (LOS), and the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) scores were recorded. Consequently, the OSI and TDS values were calculated in all participants. Results A statistically significant difference was observed in the TAS, TOS, OSI, and TDS values between the aSAH patients and the controls. The TT and NT values were significantly lower in aSAH patients than in the controls. A correlation was identified between the OSI values and the GCS scores. Although a correlation was observed between the TDS values and the LOS, no correlation was found between the OSI and the TDS values. Conclusion The OSI and TDS, which are OS indicators, might serve as the additional objective nominal data to evaluate the treatment efficacy and follow-up for SAH patients. Moreover, decreasing the OSI values and increasing the TT values can be used as improvement indicators in the treated aSAH patients. If we can reduce the OS at the early stage of SAH, it could improve the prognosis by reducing both the morbidity and mortality rates. Further randomized investigations are required to prove the findings in this prospective study.

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Obesity Paradox in the Burn Patient

Journal of Burn Care & Research ◽

10.1093/jbcr/irz173 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 30-32

Author(s):

Erica L W Lester ◽

Justin E Dvorak ◽

Patrick J Maluso ◽

Samy Bendjemil ◽

Thomas Messer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Odds Ratio ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Obesity Paradox ◽

Class I ◽

Burn Patients ◽

Obesity Class ◽

Burn Care ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Underweight Patients ◽

Burn Patient

Abstract Despite the fact that obesity is a known risk factor for comorbidities and complications, there is evidence suggesting a survival advantage for patients classified by body mass index (BMI) as overweight or obese. Investigated in various clinical areas, this “Obesity Paradox” has yet to be explored in the burn patient population. We sought to clarify whether this paradigm exists in burn patients. Data collected on 519 adult patients admitted to an American Burn Association Verified Burn Center between 2009 and 2017 was utilized. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to determine the association between in-hospital mortality and BMI classifications (underweight <18.5 kg/m2, normal 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2, overweight 25–29.9 kg/m2, obesity class I 30 to 34.9 kg/m2, obesity class II 35 to 39.9 kg/m2, and extreme obesity >40 kg/m2). For every kg/m2 increase in BMI, the odds of death decreased, with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.856 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.767 to 0.956). When adjusted for total BSA (TBSA), being obesity class I was associated with an adjusted odds ratio of mortality of 0.0166 (95% CI 0.000332 to 0.833). The adjusted odds ratio for mortality for underweight patients was 4.13 (95% CI 0.416 to 41.055). There was no statistically significant difference in odds of mortality between the normal and overweight BMI categories. In conclusion, the obesity paradox exists in burn care: further investigation is needed to elucidate what specific phenotypic aspects confer this benefit and how these can enhance the care of burn patients.

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TO EVALUATE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF RUPATADINE, BILASTINE, AND LEVOCETRIZINE IN ALLERGIC RHINITIS AT TERITARY CARE HOSPITAL, TELANGANA

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2021.v14i12.43427 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 140-143

Author(s):

NAGUR SHARONE GRACE ◽

SYED ARSHADDUDDIN AHMED ◽

BHUVANESWARI E ◽

SYED HAMZA QUADRI ◽

VEENA B ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Adverse Events ◽

Nasal Congestion ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Open Label ◽

Once Daily ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

The Government

Objective: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by symptoms – sneezing, itching, nasal congestion, and rhinorrhea. The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rupatadine, bilastine, and levocetirizine in AR. Methods: A prospective, open-label, comparative study was conducted at the Government ENT Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana. Ninety patients diagnosed with AR were randomized, of whom Group 1 received oral tab. bilastine 20 mg once daily, Group 2 received oral tab. levocetirizine 5 mg once daily, and Group 3 received oral tab. rupatadine with a dose of 10 mg once daily for 2 weeks. The reduction in total nasal symptom score (TNSS) and absolute eosinophil counts (AECs) was compared with baseline and at 2 weeks. Safety was assessed according to adverse events reported during the study period. An analysis of variance was used as a test of significance for the three groups. Results: Overall, 90 cases were included in the study, with 48% of males and 52% of females. All three drugs significantly reduced the TNSS and AEC after treatment compared to before treatment (p<0.05). The mean difference in TNSS and AEC showed no statistically significant difference among the three groups (TNSS: p>0.908 and AEC: p>0.967). In terms of safety, all three drugs showed nearly similar adverse events. Conclusion: In this study, after 2 weeks of follow-up, the three drugs (bilastine, levocetirizine, and rupatadine) showed significant improvement clinically, but the mean reduction in the score of symptoms and AEC was not statistically significant in the treatment of AR.

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Beneficial effects of Spirogyra Neglecta Extract on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory factors in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

10.1101/485219 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Behzad Mesbahzadeh ◽

Seyed Ali Rajaei ◽

Parnia Tarahomi ◽

Seyed Ali Seyedinia ◽

Mehrnoush Rahmani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Inflammatory Responses ◽

Total Antioxidant Status ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Diabetic Control ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Inflammatory Factors ◽

Tnf Alpha ◽

Serum Concentrations ◽

Necrosis Factor Alpha

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of oral supplementation of Spirogyra algae on oxidative damages and inflammatory responses in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced by administration of 55 mg/kg of streptozotocin. A total of sixty-four rats were divided into eight groups of eight rats each as follows:1) non-diabetic control; 2, 3, and 4) non-diabetic rats treated with 15, 30, and 45 mg of Spirogyra algae/kg/d; 5) control diabetic; and 6, 7, and 8) diabetic rats treated with 15, 30, and 45 mg of Spirogyra algae extract. At the end of the trial, the serum concentrations of glucose, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant status (TAS), C-reactive protein (CRP), insulin, triglycerides, and cholesterol were examined by specified procedures. Results: Our findings indicated that the administration of STZ significantly increased the serum concentrations of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, CRP, IL-6, TNF-alpha), and MDA and decreased the serum levels of GSH and TAS (P<0.05) in diabetic rats. Oral administration of Spirogyra alleviated adverse effects of diabetes on oxidative stress and inflammatory factors in diabetic rats (P<0.05). Conclusion: It can be stated that Spirogyra algae extract can be used for treatment of diabetes likely due to prevention of oxidative stress and alleviation of inflammation in the rat model.

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Creencias de contagio casual, estigma y discriminación relacionados al VIH, en adolescentes que asisten a colegios oficiales en áreas urbanas de Panamá [HIVrelated beliefs of casual contagion, stigma, and discrimination among adolescents who attend public schools in urban areas of Panama]

Revista Médica de Panamá - ISSN 2412-642X ◽

10.37980/im.journal.rmdp.2020x1525 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 40 (03) ◽

Author(s):

Anet Murillo ◽

Amanda Gabster ◽

Elisa Mendoza ◽

Gonzalo Cabezas Talavero ◽

Juan Miguel Pascale

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Stigma And Discrimination ◽

Significant Difference

Objetivo: Describir la prevalencia y factores sociodemográficos relacionados con las creencias de contagio casual de VIH. Entender los factores que están asociados a estigmas y discriminación hacia compañeros que viven con el VIH en la población adolescente (14-19 años) en centros educativos de nivel media de áreas urbanas de Panamá. Método: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal con muestreo de conglomerados de dos-etapas, con selección aleatoria en 4 regiones urbanas de Panamá (Panamá, San Miguelito, Colón y Panamá Oeste). Se incluyó estudiantes 14-19 años de centros educativos públicos de educación media entre los meses de junio y agosto de 2015-2018 (una región por año). Se utilizó de regresión logística multivariable con efectos aleatorios. Resultados: Del total de 2466 participantes, el 56.9% era de sexo femenino y el 43.1% de sexo masculino. No se encontró una diferencia significativa entre el sexo de los participantes y la creencia en contagio casual. Después de ajustar el modelo por edad de los participantes, se encontró evidencia de asociación entre participantes de sexo masculino y el estigma (adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]=1.44, 95% Intervalo de Confianza [IC]:1.14-1.82) y la discriminación (AOR= 2.02 95%CI:1.40-3.07). Al ajustar por sexo y edad de los participantes, se encontró evidencia de asociación entre creencias de contagio casual y estigma reportado (AOR=2.0, IC95%: 1.4-2.9), como también entre estigma y discriminación reportado (AOR=2.2 CI 95%:1.5-3.2). Conclusiones: Los estudiantes entre los 14-19 años que asisten a centros educativos públicos de nivel Media, presentaron una alta prevalencia de creencia de contagio casual del VIH, estigma y discriminación. Abstract:Objective: To describe the prevalence and sociodemographic factors related to beliefs of casual HIV infection. Understand the factors that are associated with stigma and discrimination towards peers living with HIV in the adolescent population (14-19 years) in high school educational centers in urban areas of Panama. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out with two-stage cluster sampling, using random selection in 4 urban regions of Panama (Panama, San Miguelito, Colón and Panamá Oeste). The study was carried out among 14-19-year-old participants of public schools of secondary education between the months of June and August 2015-2018 (one region per year). Random-effects multivariable logistic regression analysis was used. Results: Of the total of 2,466 participants, 56.9% were female and 43.1% male. No significant difference was found between the sex of the participants and the belief of casual contagion. However, after adjusting the model for the age of the participants, we found evidence of an association between stigma (adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 1.44,95% Confidence Interval[CI]:1.14-1.82) and discrimination (AOR = 2.02 95% CI:1.40-3.07) in the male participants. After adjusting for the sex and age of the participants, evidence of association was found among those with beliefs of casual contagion and reported stigma (AOR = 2.0, 95%CI:1.4-2.9), as well as strong evidence of association between stigma and reported discrimination (AOR = 2.2 95% CI:1.5-3.2). Conclusions: Students between the ages of 14-19 years who attend public schools of medium level, presented a high prevalence of belief of casual HIV infection, stigma and discrimination.

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Significance of lactate clearance in septic shock patients with high bilirubin levels.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-54817/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Nozomi Takahashi ◽

Taka-aki Nakada ◽

Keith Walley ◽

James Russell

Keyword(s):

Septic Shock ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Hepatic Dysfunction ◽

Base Excess ◽

Total Bilirubin ◽

Validation Cohort ◽

Lactate Clearance ◽

Derivation Cohort ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Background Although lactate clearance is affected by hepatic function, it is unclear whether the hepatic dysfunction is associated with lactate clearance as a prognostic marker of clinical outcomes in septic shock. We aimed to evaluate association between the lactate clearance and mortality divided by hepatic dysfunction based on total bilirubin level using two cohort of septic shock patients. Methods Lactate clearance, delta base excess and delta anion gap in 24 hours from septic shock onset were analyzed using two cohorts of septic shock patients (derivation cohort, n = 230; validation cohort, n = 396) categorized into two groups by total bilirubin levels (TBIL) < 2 mg/dL and ≥ 2 mg/dL on day 1. The primary analysis was association between lactate clearance and 28-day mortality by total bilirubin category. Results In derivation cohort, lactate clearance was lower in non-survivors compared to survivors in the patients with TBIL ≥ 2 mg/dL (P = 0.0035), while there was a no significant difference in those with TBIL < 2 mg/dL. There were no significant differences in delta base excess and delta anion gap between non-survivors and survivors both in the patients with TBIL ≥ 2 mg/dL and < 2 mg/dL. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, increased lactate clearance was significantly associated with decreased 28-day mortality in TBIL ≥ 2 mg/d group (10% lactate clearance, adjusted odds ratio 0.88, 95%CI; 0.80–0.97, P = 0.0075), whereas there was no significant association in TBIL < 2 mg/d group. We next tested for lactate clearance in TBIL ≥ 2 mg/dL using the validation cohort; lactate clearance was lower in non-survivors compared to survivors in the TBIL ≥ 2 mg/dL group (P = 0.0006), while no significant difference was observed in TBIL < 2 mg/dL. Increased lactate clearance was significantly associated with decreased 28-day mortality in the TBIL ≥ 2 mg/dL group (10% lactate clearance, adjusted odds ratio 0.89, 95%CI; 0.83–0.96, P = 0.0038); while no significant difference was observed in TBIL < 2 mg/dL in the validation cohort. Conclusions Patients with increased lactate clearance had decreased 28-day mortality when patients had hepatic dysfunction (TBIL ≥ 2 mg/dL) in septic shock.

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A comprehensive study of oxidative stress in patients with somatic symptom disorder

Acta Neuropsychiatrica ◽

10.1017/neu.2018.33 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 100-105

Author(s):

Esra Kabadayi Sahin ◽

Ali Caykoylu ◽

Almila Senat ◽

Ozcan Erel

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Somatic Symptom ◽

Total Antioxidant Status ◽

Stress Index ◽

Control Group ◽

Somatic Symptom Disorder ◽

Oxidative Balance ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Patient Health ◽

Total Antioxidant

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate oxidative stress parameters [total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), paraoxonase (PON), arylesterase (ARE) and thiol-disulphide homeostasis] in patients who were diagnosed as having somatic symptom disorder in accordance with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5.MethodsThe study included 41 medication-free patients with somatic symptom disorder and 47 age, sex, and sociodemographic-matched healthy individuals. The patients were administered the Patient Health Questionnaire-15, Somatic Symptom Amplification Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and Beck Anxiety Inventory. TOS, TAS, OSI, PON, ARE thiol, disulphide levels, and routine biochemical parameters were compared between the two groups.ResultsTOS, OSI, disulphide levels, disulphide/native thiol, and disulphide/total thiol ratios were found significantly higher in the patient group compared with the control group (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in PON, ARE, and TAS parameters between the two groups (p > 0.05).ConclusionThis study showed that the level of oxidants increased and oxidative balance was impaired in somatic symptom disorder. Oxidative stress may play a role in the aetiopathogenesis of this disorder. This is the first study to report an association between oxidative stress and somatic symptom disorder.

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