scholarly journals ICBrainDB: An Integrated Database for Finding Associations between Genetic Factors and EEG Markers of Depressive Disorders

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Roman Ivanov ◽  
Fedor Kazantsev ◽  
Evgeny Zavarzin ◽  
Alexandra Klimenko ◽  
Natalya Milakhina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Big Data Analysis ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Internet Resource ◽  
Psychophysiological Responses ◽  
Primary Presentation ◽  
Regions Of Russia ◽  
Psychological Questionnaires

In this study, we collected and systemized diverse information related to depressive and anxiety disorders as the first step on the way to investigate the associations between molecular genetics, electrophysiological, behavioral, and psychological characteristics of people. Keeping that in mind, we developed an internet resource including a database and tools for primary presentation of the collected data of genetic factors, the results of electroencephalography (EEG) tests, and psychological questionnaires. The sample of our study was 1010 people from different regions of Russia. We created the integrated ICBrainDB database that enables users to easily access, download, and further process information about individual behavioral characteristics and psychophysiological responses along with inherited trait data. The data obtained can be useful in training neural networks and in machine learning construction processes in Big Data analysis. We believe that the existence of such a resource will play an important role in the further search for associations of genetic factors and EEG markers of depression.

Women Elite Athletes; Do They Differ from Men? Gender Patterns in Psychological Characteristics of International Cross-Country Ski Medalists

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-105
Author(s):  
Nils Vikander ◽  
Tor Solbakken ◽  
Margarita Vikander
Keyword(s):  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Gender Similarities ◽  
Cross Country Skiing ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Gender Patterns ◽  
As Relationship ◽  
Psychological Dimensions

The propose of the study was to investigate gender patterns in psychological/behavioral characteristics of elite Cross County skiers. Twentyeight athletes who won medals in Olympic Games or World Championships were accessed using the Behavior Inventories for Cross County Skiers (Rushall and Vikander, 1987). Nine clusters common to both men and women were identified as: relationship with other athletes; relationship with the coach; relationship to significant others; training factors; pre-competition factors; competition factors; reactions to things that go wrong; considerations about the sport, and things champions like about cross country skiing. With this inquiry we have uncovered both gender similarities and differences among the world’s foremost cross country skiers in psychological dimensions as well as in the behavioral arena.

Influence of Psychological Factors on Risk of Temporomandibular Disorders

2007 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. 1120-1125 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.D. Slade ◽  
L. Diatchenko ◽  
K. Bhalang ◽  
A. Sigurdsson ◽  
R.B. Fillingim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Pain Sensitivity ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorder ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Sensory Testing ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
First Onset ◽  
Increases In Risk ◽  
Psychological Questionnaires

Psychological characteristics potentially may be a cause or consequence of temporomandibular disorder (TMD). We hypothesized that psychological characteristics associated with pain sensitivity would influence risk of first-onset TMD, but the effect could be attributed to variation in the gene encoding catechol- O-methyltransferase (COMT). We undertook a prospective cohort study of healthy female volunteers aged 18–34 yrs. At baseline, participants were genotyped, they completed psychological questionnaires, and underwent quantitative sensory testing to determine pain sensitivity. We followed 171 participants for up to three years, and 8.8% of them were diagnosed with first-onset TMD. Depression, perceived stress, and mood were associated with pain sensitivity and were predictive of 2- to 3-fold increases in risk of TMD (P < 0.05). However, the magnitude of increased TMD risk due to psychological factors remained unchanged after adjustment for the COMT haplotype. Psychological factors linked to pain sensitivity influenced TMD risk independently of the effects of the COMT haplotype on TMD risk.

scholarly journals Collective Psychology and Behavioral Characteristics of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Single Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 159-169
Author(s):  
Ai Morimoto ◽  
Hiroaki Ito
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Formal Analysis ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Stressful Situation ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Color Selection ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Projection Approach

<b><i>Background:</i></b> We previously treated patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) using color therapy as part of projective psychotherapy and found differences in preferred colors selected in an imagined stressful situation between patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and those with Crohn’s disease (CD). In this study, we investigated differences in color selection among UC patients, CD patients, and healthy volunteers (HVs). More precisely, formal analysis using a projective technique was performed to evaluate their emotional characteristics when coping with stress, and egogram analysis was performed to investigate their collective psychological characteristics and behavioral characteristics as social selves. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Eighty-three HVs, 70 UC patients, and 71 CD patients were shown a sheet displaying images of bottles each containing 2 horizontally separated compartments filled in the same color or different colors. The preferred colors selected under imagined psychological stress (loneliness) were analyzed using a projection approach to investigate the emotional characteristics of the inner self. The Tokyo University Egogram New Version II (TEG<sup>®</sup>II) was then used to analyze collective psychological characteristics and behavioral characteristics as social selves in the HV, UC, and CD groups. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Comparison of all 3 groups with the χ<sup>2</sup> test showed that more participants chose calm colors in the CD group than in the HV and UC groups, while more participants chose stimulating colors in the UC group than in the CD group (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01). Analysis of TEG<sup>®</sup>II results with one-way analysis of variance and then with the Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison test revealed differences in collective psychological characteristics and behavioral characteristics in all 3 groups. Comparing scores for 5 types of ego states (Critical Parent, Nurturing Parent, Adult, Free Child, and Adapted Child) revealed that more participants in the CD group had a low Critical Parent score than in the HV group (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05). More participants in the IBD group had a low Nurturing Parent score than in the HV group (CD vs. HV, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01; UC vs. HV, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05). Significantly more participants in the UC group had a higher Adult score than in the HV or CD group (each <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The psychological characteristics of patients with IBD differ depending on the type of disease (i.e., CD vs. UC). Management based on such differences should be provided for patients with each disease type.

Stress Seeking: Selected Behavioral Characteristics of Elite Rock Climbers

1985 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.W. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Rock Climbing ◽  
Social Bond ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
The Individual

Although it has generated much theorizing (Csikszentmihalyi, 1975; Ellis, 1973; Harris, 1980; Mitchell, 1983), the phenomenon of stress-seeking behavior, as demonstrated in regular long-term involvement in the high-risk sports, has not been researched widely. In an attempt to go beyond the prevalent but simplistic "exhilaration' ' type of explanation for stress-seeking, this study examined the phenomenon in terms of the psychological characteristics associated with successful long-term involvement in the risk sport of rock climbing. Four behavioral characteristics were assessed: sensation seeking (SS), defined as "the need for varied, novel and complex sensations and experiences and the willingness to undertake physical and social risks for the sake of such experiences" (Zuckerman, 1979, p. 10); trait anxiety (TA), which refers to relatively stable individual differences in anxiety proneness (Spielberger, Gorsuch, & Lushene, 1970); need for achievement (NAch), which relates to the determinants of direction, magnitude, and persistence of behavior when the individual knows that his or her performance will be evaluated (Atkinson, 1964); and affiliation (AFF), which refers to the tendency to seek out, attain, and maintain a social bond with other people (Alderman, 1974).

Methodological and theoretical foundations of the study of anticipation in minors convicted without imprisonment

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Pozdnyakov ◽  
Olesya Volotkevich
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Problems ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Diagnostic Approach ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
Critical Perspectives

The article presents scientific approaches to the study and interpretation of the anticipitation phenomenon in historiographical and conceptually critical perspectives. The laws and mechanisms of anticipation are considered. Theories are studied that explain the essence of prognostic abilities. Currently, psychological science is trying to find, understand and explain in an accessible way a conceptual solution to the problem that poses the question of the essence of factors, mechanisms, and individual psychological characteristics of a person that affect a person’s behavior in various life situations that determine his future fate, as well as the essence of those arising from this. psychological problems and methods for solving them. Forecasting the results makes the activity self-regulating and helps to adjust the activity in the present. Due to the specifics of the personality and behavioral characteristics of minors, convicted conditionally, it is argued that Because of the lack of development in adolescents anticipation as the ability to represent the possible result of their actions before their implementation and to take into account this in the construction of their behavior, among this category of penitentiary special contingent there is a high rate of recidivism of criminal acts. The importance of implementing a comprehensive psycho-diagnostic approach in the study of the anti-cipipal wealth of the identity of juvenile convicts, as well as the factors and conditions that determine their right-setting behavior, is substantiated.

Social-psychological characteristics of adolescent mothers and behavioral characteristics of their first-born infants

1979 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Joseph McLaughlin ◽  
Howard M. Sandler ◽  
Kathryn Sherrod ◽  
Peter M. Vietze ◽  
Susan O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Social Psychological

scholarly journals Kynurenine pathway: the link between depressive disorders and inflammation

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 331-339
Author(s):  
Justyna Kubacka ◽  
Anna Stefańska ◽  
Grażyna Sypniewska
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Kynurenine Pathway ◽  
Major Depression Disorder ◽  
Pathway Activation ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Diseases ◽  
Depression Disorder

Depression is highly prevalent worldwide and the leading cause of disability. It is believed that currently more than 300 million people of all ages suffer from depression. However, the unambiguous cause of the depression remains unknown. It is suggested that the occurrence of this disease is primarily affected by genetic factors, psychological factors and atypical brain structure or function. Recently, an increasingly important role is attributed to the inflammatory response, which is considered to be the main cause of depression. Activation of the kynurenine pathway (KP) is one of the described mechanisms by which inflammation can induce depression. Kynurenine pathway activation is associated with several neuropsychiatric diseases, including major depression disorder (MDD). The imbalance between the neuroprotective and neurotoxic metabolites in the kynurenine pathway and the associated serotonin and melatonin deficiency, may contribute to the manifestation of depressive symptoms. In this review we discuss the role of the major enzymes of the tryptophan KP: tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and the role of selected kynurenic metabolites in the depressive disorders. Particular attention was also paid to the genetic basis of depressive disorders and to the summary of current knowledge on the effectiveness of treatment and supplementation with tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptophan in depression.

scholarly journals Aspects of Emotional Maturity Manifestation in Female Convicts Serving Deprivation of Liberty Sentences

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-108
Author(s):  
V.M. Pozdnyakov ◽  
T.V. Kalashnikova ◽  
M.V. Ovsyannikova ◽  
M.M. Kalashnikova
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Developmental Programs ◽  
Emotional Maturity ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
The Status ◽  
Female Convicts ◽  
Regions Of Russia

This article presents theoretical and methodological basis for studying the phenomena of emotional intelligence and emotional maturity in foreign and Russian psychology including the status of research done by prison psychologists. The article also provides data of our research on determination and psychodynamics of emotional intelligence, as well as transformation of other personality characteristics in 220 female convicts at various stages of serving their sentence in penal correction colonies in five regions of Russia. The findings of the psychodiagnostics indicate insufficient levels of emotional intelligence and reveals the prison-specific subcultural manifestation of its components in the examined inmates, who at the same time possess underdeveloped compensatory personality resources. Cluster analysis made it possible to isolate the predominant types of convicted women: "emotionally impulsive" and "emotionally rigid" whose contrasting psychological characteristics must be taken into account when developing individual correctional and group-related correctional and developmental programs. In order to improve female convicts' emotional maturity, a series of measures of legal-institutional and correction- and development-related character has been substantiated.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic and Lifestyle Statistics of Oldest Old People (>80 Years) Living in Ikaria Island: The Ikaria Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos ◽  
Christina Chrysohoou ◽  
Gerasimos Siasos ◽  
Konstantinos Zisimos ◽  
John Skoumas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Habits ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
European Population ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Old People ◽  
Population Average ◽  
The World ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits ◽  
Daily Physical Activities

Background. There are places around the world where people live longer and they are active past the age of 100 years, sharing common behavioral characteristics; these places (i.e., Sardinia in Italy, Okinawa in Japan, Loma Linda in California and Nicoya Peninsula in Costa Rica) have been named the “Blue Zones”. Recently it was reported that people in Ikaria Island, Greece, have also one of the highest life expectancies in the world, and joined the “Blue Zones”. The aim of this work work was to evaluate various demographic, lifestyle and psychological characteristics of very old (>80 years) people participated in Ikaria Study.Methods. During 2009, 1420 people (aged 30+) men and women from Ikaria Island, Greece, were voluntarily enrolled in the study. For this work, 89 males and 98 females over the age of 80 yrs were studied (13% of the sample). Socio-demographic, clinical, psychological and lifestyle characteristics were assessed using standard questionnaires and procedures.Results. A large proportion of the Ikaria Study's sample was over the age of 80; moreover, the percent of people over 90 were much higher than the European population average. The majority of the oldest old participants reported daily physical activities, healthy eating habits, avoidance of smoking, frequent socializing, mid-day naps and extremely low rates of depression.Conclusion. Modifiable risk factors, such as physical activity, diet, smoking cessation and mid-day naps, might depict the “secrets” of the long-livers; these findings suggest that the interaction of environmental, behavioral together with clinical characteristics may determine longevity. This concept must be further explored in order to understand how these factors relate and which are the most important in shaping prolonged life.

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