Relationship between Land-Use Type and Daily Concentration and Variability of PM10 in Metropolitan Cities: Evidence from South Korea

Since urban areas with high air pollution are known to have higher mortality rates compared to areas with less air pollution, accurately understanding and predicting the distribution of particulate matter (PM) in cities is important for urban planning policies that seek to emphasize the health of citizens. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between PM and land use in metropolitan cities in South Korea using the land-use regression model. We use daily data from the air quality monitoring stations (AQMS) in seven cities in South Korea for the year 2018. For analysis, K-means clustering is employed to identify the land-use pattern surrounding the AQMSs and two log-lin regression models are used to investigate the effects of each land-use type on PM. The findings show a statistically significant difference in PM concentration and variability in the business, commercial, industrial, mixed, and high-density residential areas compared to parks and green areas, and that PM concentration and variability were less in mixed areas than in single land use, thus verifying the effectiveness of a mixed land-use planning strategy. Moreover, microclimatic, seasonal, and regional factors affect PM concentration and variability. Finally, to minimize exposure to PM, various policies such as mixed land use need to be established and implemented differently, depending on the season and time.

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A Review on the Significance of Integrated Transportation and Land Use Planning Model for the Planning of Urban Areas

Proceedings of International Web Conference in Civil Engineering for a Sustainable Planet ◽

10.21467/proceedings.112.61 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sebastian Anju

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Best Practices ◽

Land Use Planning ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Planning Model ◽

Housing Shortage ◽

Mixed Land Use ◽

Land Use Development ◽

The Relationship ◽

Travel Length

Planning for transportation infrastructure takes significant role in development of urban areas. Proper planning is needed for eliminating the problems like overcrowding, housing shortage, congestion etc. So there is a need of integrating transportation and land use. Transportation planning and the land use planning have to be done together. Integrating transportation with land use helps to decrease travel length and need to travel. Mixed land use development is more suitable for the urban areas. This paper critically reviews the importance of Integrated Transportation and Land Use planning (ITLUP) model in the planning of urban areas and applying this model as a solution for most of the problems facing in urban areas by analysing the best practices. The review also focuses on the relationship between land use and transportation by examining the parameters of ITLUP model.

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Land-use change and quality of life in residential neighbourhoods: Evidence from Tehran, Iran

GeoScape ◽

10.2478/geosc-2021-0009 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 104-119

Author(s):

Navid Forouhar ◽

Amir Forouhar ◽

Mahnoosh Hasankhani

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Land Use ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Land Use Planning ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Structural Defects ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Commercial Development

Abstract Land-use planning generally aims to manage the development of urban areas to address the needs of the communities. In this regard, the multiple and often competing environmental, economic and social conflicts complicate the process of land-use planning. Commercial development in residential neighbourhoods is a common type of land-use conflict that can dramatically exacerbate these potential conflicts. Over the recent decades, many affluent neighbourhoods of Tehran Metropolis (the capital of Iran) have been confronted with an unbridled development of commercial activities within the residential areas. This paper seeks to understand the process of land-use change and its impacts on the residents’ quality of life in an affluent neighbourhood of Tehran Metropolis (Gisha Neighbourhood) by adopting a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods of impact assessment including semi-structured interview, purposeful field survey, and traffic survey. The results yield that incompatible land-use policies of the Tehran Comprehensive Plan and structural defects in the land-use change regulations led to an unbridled process of commercialisation which intensified non-local activities with city/regional service coverage along the main streets of Gisha Neighbourhood. The analysis demonstrates that despite improving the accessibility of residents to urban facilities and reducing their travel time/cost, the process of land-use changes in Gisha Neighbourhood declined the residents’ quality of life by its considerable negative effects on socio-cultural structures, landuse patterns, traffic flow, and human health in the residential areas of the neighbourhood.

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The Challenge of Social Vulnerability Assessment in the Context of Land Use Changes for Sustainable Urban Planning—Case Studies: Developing Cities in Romania

Land ◽

10.3390/land11010017 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 17

Author(s):

Camelia Sabina Botezan ◽

Andrei Radovici ◽

Iulia Ajtai

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Case Studies ◽

Land Use Planning ◽

Vulnerability Assessment ◽

Social Vulnerability ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Land Use Changes ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Specific Vulnerability ◽

Agricultural Areas

Urban growth triggers massive changes in land use cover, exacerbating extreme natural and technological events. In order for land use planning to be efficient, it requires the integration of comprehensive risk and vulnerability assessment. This paper aims to create a bridge between the existing vulnerability theories and their implementation in land use planning policies and proposes an innovative approach to determine whether the changes in the territorial dynamics of cities draw considerable changes in communities’ social vulnerability. The methodology identifies and selects three case studies from the Urban Atlas inventory, representative of the dynamics of large Romanian cities, taking into consideration the following hazards: earthquakes, floods, and technological hazards. Vulnerability was then assessed by assigning each land use class a specific vulnerability level. The methodology involved assessing the level of vulnerability specific to the situation in 2018 compared to 2006. The results showed that major changes in land use are related to the transition of areas with a low level of vulnerability to areas with a higher level of vulnerability as a result of the urban areas expansion to the detriment of natural and agricultural areas. This is generally translated into a higher degree of vulnerability due to an increased density of artificial elements and of population in the residential areas. The findings of the study of territorial dynamics in the proximity of large industrial operators did not reveal a tendency that differed from the general trend. Although many territorial changes have been observed in the period 2006–2018, it is necessary to extend the analysis, with the issue of the new versions of the Urban Atlas, to confirm the identified trends and to express the up-to-date situation.

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Municipal community gardens in the metropolitan area of Milano. Assessment and planning criteria

Journal of Agricultural Engineering ◽

10.4081/jae.2016.509 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 82 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Giulio Senes ◽

Natalia Fumagalli ◽

Paolo Stefano Ferrario ◽

Daniele Gariboldi ◽

Roberto Rovelli

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Use Planning ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Open Space ◽

Community Gardens ◽

Geographical Information ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Urban Open Space ◽

The Road ◽

Adequate Coverage

A community garden (CG) can generally be defined as a piece of land gardened collectively by a group of people that grow their produce on shared lots that have been divided into smaller plots. Some gardens are grown collectively, are divided into different plots for individual and family use; CGs are usually located in urban or peri-urban areas. As a growing portion of the urban open space network, CGs are contributing to land preservation, access to open space, and sustainable re-use of vacant land. They promote healthy communities and provide food security for many. In this context, the object of the study are the municipal community gardens (MCGs), a specific typology of CGs provided for land-use planning legislation and practice as an urban service with social function, made available to the community by the municipalities and assigned to be cultivated to citizens (usually seniors/retired people). In particular, the study aimed: i) to evaluate the presence of MCGs in the città metropolitana di Milano (the former province of Milano); and ii) to define criteria for new MCGs settlement, using existing geo-database and geographical information system to make it replicable in other settings. For the first topic the 133 municipalities of the former province of Milano (excluded the city of Milano) were analysed. Only 59 municipalities had presence of MCGs. The average area per capita of MCGs is 0.68 sq.m/inhab. (if we exclude Rodano, an outlier with 35 sq.m/inhab.). An overlay with land use map has permitted to define the relationships between the MCGs and their surrounding territory. The major part of MCGs are included in urban or suburban areas. For the second goal, the land area to be allocated for new MCGs was assessed for each municipality, comparing area of existing MCGs and a minimum required area (calculated on the basis of the inhabitants number). Finally a method was proposed to locate the new MCGs areas. Criteria used to identify suitable areas for new MCGs were: proximity to the road network inside residential areas, suitable land use, not high land capability. In this way it has been defined for each municipality the number of MCGs to be realized and their area, and located the potentially suitable sites. Choosing between the identified suitable areas, the new MCGs were homogeneously located on the territory of each municipality in order to ensure adequate coverage of residential areas; the degree of coverage has been verified through a service area analysis. The proposed method seems to be useful for the MCGs settlement at metropolitan/provincial level.

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IMPACTS OF URBAN LAND USE ON CRIME PATTERNS THROUGH GIS APPLICATION

PLANNING MALAYSIA JOURNAL ◽

10.21837/pmjournal.v11.i2.113 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ahmad Nazri Muhamad Ludin ◽

Norsiah Abd. Aziz ◽

Nooraini Hj Yusoff ◽

Wan Juliyana Wan Abd Razak

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Drug Abuse ◽

Land Use Planning ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Spatial Relationship ◽

Police Department ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Urban Land ◽

Urban Land Use ◽

Land Use Patterns

Land use planning plays a crucial role in creating a balance between the needs of society, physical development and the ecosystem. However, most often poor planning and displacement of land uses particularly in urban areas contribute to social ills such as drug abuse and criminal activities. This research explains the spatial relationship of drug abuse and other criminal activities on urban land use planning and their implications on the society at large. Spatial statistics was used to show patterns, trends and spatial relationships of crimes and land use planning. Data on crime incidents were obtained from the Royal Malaysia Police Department whilst cases of drug abuse were collected from the National Anti-Drug Agency (AADK). Analysis of the data together with digital land use maps produced by Arnpang Jaya Municipal Council, showed the distribution of crime incidents and drug abuse in the area. Findings of the study also indicated that, there was a strong relationship between petty crimes, drng abuse and land use patterns. These criminal activities tend to concentrate in residential and commercial areas of the study area.

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Development of Land Use Regression Model for Seasonal Variation of Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) in Lahore, Pakistan

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13094933 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 4933

Author(s):

Saimar Pervez ◽

Ryuta Maruyama ◽

Ayesha Riaz ◽

Satoshi Nakai

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Regression Model ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Industrial Development ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Ambient Air Pollution ◽

Land Use Classification ◽

Land Use Regression ◽

Air Exposure

Ambient air pollution and its exposure has been a worldwide issue and can increase the possibility of health risks especially in urban areas of developing countries having the mixture of different air pollution sources. With the increase in population, industrial development and economic prosperity, air pollution is one of the biggest concerns in Pakistan after the occurrence of recent smog episodes. The purpose of this study was to develop a land use regression (LUR) model to provide a better understanding of air exposure and to depict the spatial patterns of air pollutants within the city. Land use regression model was developed for Lahore city, Pakistan using the average seasonal concentration of NO2 and considering 22 potential predictor variables including road network, land use classification and local specific variable. Adjusted explained variance of the LUR models was highest for post-monsoon (77%), followed by monsoon (71%) and was lowest for pre-monsoon (70%). This is the first study conducted in Pakistan to explore the applicability of LUR model and hence will offer the application in other cities. The results of this study would also provide help in promoting epidemiological research in future.

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Effects of air pollution, land-use type, and maternal mental health on child development in the first two years of life in the Greater Taipei area

Environmental Research ◽

10.1016/j.envres.2021.111168 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 197 ◽

pp. 111168

Author(s):

Ming-Lun Zou ◽

Chuen-Bin Jiang ◽

Yi-Hua Chen ◽

Chih-Da Wu ◽

Shih-Chun Candice Lung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Land Use ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Child Development ◽

Maternal Mental Health ◽

Land Use Type

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A Differentiated Spatial Assessment of Urban Ecosystem Services Based on Land Use Data in Halle, Germany

Land ◽

10.3390/land7030101 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 101 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Janis Arnold ◽

Janina Kleemann ◽

Christine Fürst

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Ecosystem Services ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Urban Ecosystem ◽

Data Set ◽

Urban Ecosystem Services ◽

Climate Regulation ◽

Land Use Types ◽

Cooling Effects

Urban ecosystem services (ES) contribute to the compensation of negative effects caused by cities by means of, for example, reducing air pollution and providing cooling effects during the summer time. In this study, an approach is described that combines the regional biotope and land use data set, hemeroby and the accessibility of open space in order to assess the provision of urban ES. Hemeroby expresses the degree of naturalness of land use types and, therefore, provides a differentiated assessment of urban ES. Assessment of the local capacity to provide urban ES was conducted with a spatially explicit modeling approach in the city of Halle (Saale) in Germany. The following urban ES were assessed: (a) global climate regulation, (b) local climate regulation, (c) air pollution control, (d) water cycle regulation, (e) food production, (f) nature experience and (g) leisure activities. We identified areas with high and low capacity of ES in the urban context. For instance, the central parts of Halle had very low or no capacity to provide ES due to highly compact building styles and soil sealing. In contrast, peri-urban areas had particularly high capacities. The potential provision of regulating services was spatially limited due to the location of land use types that provide these services.

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Impacts of Urban Sprawl on Livability in Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria

International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology ◽

10.32628/ijsrst207644 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 334-343

Author(s):

Nuhu H. Tini ◽

Bartholomew Joshua Light

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Urban Sprawl ◽

Urban Growth ◽

Land Use Planning ◽

Urban Poor ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Economic Effects ◽

Public Facility ◽

Residential Areas ◽

The City

Urban sprawl is a global phenomenon in the contemporary era. It is mostly taking place in the less developed countries due to natural increase and consistent movement of people into the mega cities and large urban centers. The phenomenon has globally gained attention from diverse researchers in the field of urban geography, environmental studies, city and region planning in view of its significant influence on the urban environment. However, the effect of sprawl on urban livability and economy in Nigerian cities is scarcely investigated especially in Northern Nigeria. This research explores the social and economic effects of urban sprawl in Kaduna metropolis. Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) Technologies were applied for the analysis. The study found that Kaduna metropolis has experienced a progressive increase in the built-up area; in 2006 it had an aerial coverage of 13,980 hectares, a rise of 107.91% from 2001 aerial coverage of 6724 hectares. In 2012, the city had an aerial coverage of 15,808 hectares, an increase of 13.08% from 2006. Conversely, there has been a remarkable decrease in percentage of vegetation (1,458 hectares) and agricultural (11,739 hectares) land areas. In turn, such changes has adversely affected urban facilities or utilities such as pipe-borne water, electricity, health facilities, schools, security, transportation, wastewater infrastructures and fire safety services, which has become overstressed. Economic crisis has manifested in the rise of unemployment and escalating number of urban poor. Residential land use has encroached into open spaces while commercial activities overrun residential areas. Increase in distance and journey time make travel cost unbearable to the common man. These and social fragmentation retard livability in the city. Thus calls for a balance sustainable development in Kaduna metropolis and effective management of urban growth by the Kaduna Capital Development Board Authority. In due course, smart growth policy, growth management, urban containment, effective land use planning and public facility adequacy have been recommended to foster viable urban growth in Kaduna city and elsewhere.

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Transit-Oriented Planning

Travel by Design ◽

10.1093/oso/9780195123951.003.0013 ◽

2001 ◽

Author(s):

Marlon Boarnet ◽

Randall C. Crane

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Urban Area ◽

Land Use Planning ◽

Transportation Policy ◽

Rail Transit ◽

Transit Oriented Development ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Commercial Development ◽

Regulatory Issues ◽

Land Use Policies

There has been a boom in American rail transit construction in the past two decades. That new investment has prompted the question of what planners can do to support rail transit. One popular answer has been transit-oriented development (TOD), increasingly described as a comprehensive strategy for rail-based land-use planning throughout an urban area. This is most clearly illustrated by Bernick and Cervero’s (1997) description of how such projects can link together to create “transit metropolises” where rail is a viable transportation option for many of the region’s residents. In addition, TOD provides an opportunity to examine the regulatory issues discussed in chapter 6, both because it is an explicit attempt to use urban design as transportation policy and because the intergovernmental issues are especially stark in relation to these developments. Having discussed how travelers behave in the first part of this book, we now ask what we know about how cities behave. Stated in general form, the question is rather broad. It concerns the process by which cities and other land-use authorities decide where to put streets, how to structure the local hierarchy of streets, when to develop more or less densely, how to position employment centers relative to residential areas, and so on. Still, the feasibility of land-use plans with transportation goals depends critically on how such authorities behave. Any discussion of the effectiveness of these strategies must address both how communities plan for transportation and how travelers respond to those plans. The primary transportation goal of TOD generally, as currently practiced, is to coordinate land-use policies to support rail transit. In particular, focusing both residential and commercial development near rail transit stations is aimed at increasing rail ridership (e.g., Bernick, 1990; Bernick and Hall, 1990; Calthorpe, 1993; Cervero, 1993; Bernick and Cervero, 1997). Some evidence suggests that residents near rail transit stations are two to five times more likely to commute by rail when compared with persons living elsewhere in the same urban area (Pushkarev and Zupan, 1977; Bernick and Carroll, 1991; Cervero, 1994d).

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