scholarly journals Land Registration, Adjustment Experience, and Agricultural Machinery Adoption: Empirical Analysis from Rural China

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Xin Deng ◽  
Zhongcheng Yan ◽  
Dingde Xu ◽  
Yanbin Qi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Land Registration ◽  
Agricultural Modernization ◽  
Realization Process ◽  
Factor Inputs

Land property security and advanced factor inputs play critical roles in agricultural modernization in developing countries. However, there are unclear relationships between land property security and advanced factor inputs. This study aims to clarify these relationships from the perspective of the differentiation of the realization process of land property security. From the perspective of property rights theory and endowment effects, data from 2934 farming households in rural China are used to determine the quantitative impacts of land registration and adjustment experience on the adoption of agricultural machinery. The results are as follows: (i) Land registration does not affect the adoption of agricultural machinery. (ii) Adjustment experience has a negative impact on the adoption of agricultural machinery. (iii) The interaction of land registration and adjustment experience has a positive impact on the adoption of agricultural machinery. This study provides some policy references with which developing countries can achieve agricultural modernization and revitalize the countryside by improving property rights security.

scholarly journals INVESTASI ASING LANGSUNG DAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI WILAYAH ASEAN PERIODE 2004-2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Aditya Febriananta Putra ◽  
Suyanto . ◽  
Irzameingindra Putri Radjamin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Accelerate Development ◽  
Fixed Capital Formation

Exertions to accelerate development carried out by developing countries in general are oriented towards improving or improving people’s lives. Developing countries are characterized as countries that lack capital, savings and investment. The role of Labor has a significant effect but has a negative impact on economic growth. Agriculture and Service also performance a significant role, despite having a positive impact on economic growth. While other variables, namely Fixed Capital Formation, Foreign Direct Investment, Export, Manufacture, and Fertility showed insignificant results on economic growth.

scholarly journals How do Poverty and Income Inequality affect Economic Growth in Developing Countries?

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 547-558
Author(s):  
Hamza Saleem ◽  
Fatima Farooq ◽  
Muhammad Aurmaghan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
World Development

The major objective of this research is to examine the relationship between poverty, income inequality and economic growth from some selected developing countries. This study uses panel data for the period of 2002-2015. All the data is taken from world development indicators (WDI). To find out the results, we have used Hausman test an econometrics technique for panel data in this research. The results of the study indicate that poverty and income inequality have a negative impact on economic growth on the other hand Gross capital formation, labor force, total population and government consumption and expenditure have a positive impact on economic growth. The result tells us that changes in these variables have a significant and positive effect on the dependent variable. To achieve the goal of economic growth developing countries should reduce poverty and take meaningful steps to overcome the problem of inequality in the society which can be very helpful in achieving the goal of economic growth.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Host Country Characteristics that Determine FDI in Developing Countries: Recent Panel Data Evidence

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tariq Majeed ◽  
Eatzaz Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Country Characteristics ◽  
General Method Of Moments

This paper analyzes a range of host country characteristics that determine foreign direct investment (FDI) flows to developing countries, using panel data on 72 countries for the period 1970-2008. Keeping in view the endogeneity problem of the chosen host country’s characteristics, the model is estimated using the General Method of Moments (GMM) technique. The analysis shows that gross domestic product (GDP), economic growth, and per capita income positively affect FDI—a result consistent with the market-seeking behavior of multinational corporations (MNCs). Furthermore, we find that remittances have a significant and positive impact on FDI. On the other hand, inflation and the balance of payments deficit have negative effects on FDI. MNCs are attracted to host countries that are outward looking and follow trade-promoting policies. This is confirmed by the positive effect of openness on FDI flows to developing countries. The study also finds that the effect of military expenditures on FDI is negative and significant. Finally, our analysis finds that the real exchange rate has a significantly negative impact on FDI.

scholarly journals Impacts from Economic Development and Environmental Factors on Life Expectancy: A Comparative Study Based on Data from Both Developed and Developing Countries from 2004 to 2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8559
Author(s):  
Zhiheng Chen ◽  
Yuting Ma ◽  
Junyi Hua ◽  
Yuanhong Wang ◽  
Hongpeng Guo
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Gini Coefficient ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Urbanization Rate

Both economic development level and environmental factors have significant impacts on life expectancy at birth (LE). This paper takes LE as the research object and selects nine economic and environmental indicators with various impacts on LE. Based on a dataset of economic and environmental indicators of 20 countries from 2004 to 2016, our research uses the Pearson Correlation Coefficient to evaluate the correlation coefficients between the indicators, and we use multiple regression models to measure the impact of each indicator on LE. Based on the results from models and calculations, this study conducts a comparative analysis of the influencing mechanisms of different indicators on LE in both developed and developing countries, with conclusions as follow: (1) GDP per capita and the percentage of forest area to land area have a positive impact on LE in developed countries; however, they have a negative impact on LE in developing countries. Total public expenditure on education as a percentage of GDP and fertilizer consumption have a negative impact on LE in developed countries; however, they have a positive impact on LE in developing countries. Gini coefficient and average annual exposure to PM2.5 have no significant effect on LE in developed countries; however, they have a negative impact on LE in developing countries. Current healthcare expenditures per capita have a negative impact on LE in developed countries, and there is no significant impact on LE in developing countries. (2) The urbanization rate has a significant positive impact on LE in both developed countries and developing countries. Carbon dioxide emissions have a negative impact on LE in both developed and developing countries. (3) In developed countries, GDP per capita has the greatest positive impact on LE, while fertilizer consumption has the greatest negative impact on LE. In developing countries, the urbanization rate has the greatest positive impact on LE, while the Gini coefficient has the greatest negative impact on LE. To improve and prolong LE, it is suggested that countries should prioritize increasing GDP per capita and urbanization level. At the same time, countries should also work on reducing the Gini coefficient and formulating appropriate healthcare and education policies. On the other hand, countries should balance between economic development and environmental protection, putting the emphasis more on environmental protection, reducing environmental pollution, and improving the environment’s ability of self-purification.

scholarly journals The Impact of Remittances on Domestic Investment in Developing Countries: Fresh Evidence From the Asia-pacific Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Thanh Tung
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Domestic Investment ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
The Impact

Despite the sharply increasing remittances in developing countries (especially in the AsiaPacific region), the relationship between remittances and domestic investment in recipient countries has not been fluently evidenced. This paper aims to fill the empirical gap in the Asia-Pacific region by investigating the impact of remittances on domestic investment with a sample including nineteen developing countries based on time series data from 1980 to 2015. However, our findings contradict some evidence from other regions. The results robustly confirm that remittances have a negative impact on domestic investment in these countries. Our results also indicate that the annual GDP per capita growth, official development assistance, domestic credit, gross saving, and inflation have a positive impact on domestic investment, however, we conclude that the impact of trade openness on domestic investment has a negative sign in the study period. The paper also provides some policy suggestions with regard to remittance flows in this region.

scholarly journals Women Labor Force Participation and Governance in Developing Economies: A Panel Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-102
Author(s):  
Mabrooka Altaf
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Female Labor Force Participation ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Female Labor

The current study empirically investigates the relationship among female labor force participation and governance in developing nations, using panel data of 62 developing countries, from year 1996 to 2016. The two variables taken as dependent variables are women labor force participation and governance. Results of GMM estimation showed that there is positive association between women labor force participation and governance. Education, GDP per capita, and globalization has positive, while income inequality has negative impact on governance. Similarly, education, fertility rate and rural population has negative, and globalization has positive impact on female labor force participation. So, it is concluded that the importance of governance and women labor force participation cannot be refused in terms of growth enhancement, which will consequently improve the social and economic conditions of developing countries.

scholarly journals The Impact of Innovation Activities, Foreign Direct Investment on Improved Green Productivity: Evidence From Developing Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sa Xu ◽  
Zejun Li
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Green Productivity ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
The Impact

This paper from the perspective of productivity changes examines the impact of innovation activities and foreign direct investment (FDI) on improved green productivity (IGP) in developing countries. We divide the sample into two sub-groups; the BRICS and the other developing countries so as to account for underlying country heterogeneity. The analysis follows a panel data approach over the period 1991 to 2014, and used the global Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index to measure IGP. The results indicate that IGP in developing countries has declined. Innovation activities have a positive impact on IGP. FDI has a significant negative impact on IGP. Further study finds that there are threshold effects between FDI and IGP based on innovation activities, when the developing countries with a low-level of innovation, FDI has a negative impact on IGP; when the developing countries innovation activities above the threshold, innovation activities and FDI both can promote IGP.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Community-based Sanitation Program Implementation in Central and East Java

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
Filson M Sidjabat ◽  
Michelle Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Current Implementation

Goal 6 of the SDGs has a target for clean water and sanitation, by 2030 the UN has a target of providing universal access to sanitation. Safely managed sanitation can support the progress to supporting socioeconomic development and promoting equality. In developing countries, a majority of the general population does not have access to proper sanitation. Therefore, there are still many challenges faced for sanitation in developing country. Unmanaged sanitation has a negative impact to human health and the environment. In developing countries that has a lot of under developed and rural area, community-based sanitation program is one of the approach for educating and improving sanitation. This study has an objective to evaluate the current implementation of community-based sanitation programs in Indonesia. This study is a literature review that analyzed various sources in a systematical way to evaluate the implementation of community based sanitation programs in Indonesia. In conclusion, the implementation of community based sanitation programs yield a positive impact for the targeted community. The factors that has influence are community involvement, funding and enforcement of sanctions.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF TRIPS ON IPRs PROTECTION IN JORDAN, AS A PRIME EXAMPLE OF A DEVELOPING COUNTRY

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (Special) ◽  
pp. 154-162
Author(s):  
Mohammad Abdulmahdi Amin Alfaouri
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Ethical Attitude ◽  
The Impact

In the last few decades, the developing countries have witnessed a remarkable increase in the infringement of intellectual property rights thus conventions and treaties were held to reduce these infringements, in particular, the TRIPS Treaty (Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights).This study attempts to explain the causes of intellectual property rights infringements and the efficient means for intellectual property rights protections by taking Jordan as an example. The study finds that TRIPS Treaty, which is the latest international action to enhance the protection level, consumer's ethical attitude, development expenditure, economic policies, weakness of law enforcement, and low-income in developing countries are important factors to explain the level of IP protection. Because of all of these, the infringements became a phenomenon in developing countries that firstly need amendments in their intellectual property laws to apply the criminal sanctions jointly by civil remedies, owing to the fact of the shock value or general deterrence to enhance the commitment to the law and to remit this phenomenon, furthermore, the state will follow up on the cost of prosecution without involving the owners of the rights personally in many cases. On the other hand, literature revealed that the infringements of IPRs became a phenomenon because the TRIPS Treaty prepared for the benefits of the large companies, thus the developing countries' legislation, economic and consumer's ethical attitude got affected negatively. In addition, the developed countries threatened them by sanctions if they didn't make retroactively amendments on their legislation, which also led to prevent them to adopt the necessary measures that mitigate the negative impact on their economic and social life. Regarding the applied research method, this paper used secondary data sources and applied the descriptive and comparative analytical legal approaches to illustrate the most important points and findings on the topic.

Remittance Behavior of Migrants and its Macroeconomic Effects in Four Developing Countries

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupam Das
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Estimation Procedure ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Macroeconomic Effects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Remittance Behavior

The literature on the macroeconomic effects of remittances is inconclusive. This study establishes a relationship between remittances and other important macroeconomic variables, such as consumption, investment and economic growth in Bangladesh, Egypt, Pakistan, and Syria over the period 1975-2006. Overall results suggest that remittances have a positive impact on economic growth in Pakistan and Syria but a negative impact in Bangladesh and Egypt. Negative remittance-growth coefficients in those two countries suggest a counter-cyclical relationship. A key objective of this paper is to identify how the remittance behavior of migrants varies across countries. Results from panel estimation procedure shows that a combination of self-interest and enlightened self-interest behavior of migrants is responsible for the growth impact in Bangladesh. The enlightened self-interest motivation is also the most likely cause of the growth impact in Egypt. Finally, the self-interest behavior explains the growth impacts in Pakistan and Syria. Results from this paper have policy implications for developing countries which face dilemmas and debates on the impact of remittances on economic growth.

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