scholarly journals Fabrication of Mo-Doped WO3 Nanorod Arrays on FTO Substrate with Enhanced Electrochromic Properties

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao Wang ◽  
Wenkuan Man ◽  
Haiyang Yu ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Feng Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Hydrothermal Reaction ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Nanorod Arrays ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hydrothermal Temperature ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electrochromic Properties ◽  
Wo3 Nanorod

Well-oriented and crystalline WO3 nanorod arrays (WNRAs) decorated with Mo were synthesized on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate by the hydrothermal method. The effects of Mo doping, hydrothermal reaction time, and hydrothermal temperature on the morphologies and electrochromic properties of as-prepared WNRAs were studied thoroughly. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and chronoamperometry techniques were used to characterize the structures and properties of obtained WNRAs. The results demonstrate that the average diameter of the as-prepared WNRAs ranged from 30 to 70 nm. During the decoration of Mo on the WNRAs, the growth density of as-prepared WNRAs decreased and the surfaces became rough. However, the decorated Mo on WNRAs synthesized at 180 °C for 5 h with a Mo/W mole ratio of 1:40 exhibited better electrochromic properties than single WNRAs. They exhibited high optical modulation (61.7%), fast bleaching/coloring response times (3 s/9 s), high coloration efficiency values (73.1 cm2/C), and good cycling stability.

Preparation of PCL/PVP/Ag Nanofiber Membranes by Electrospinning Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 580-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Tang Jia ◽  
Cui Wu ◽  
Feng Chun Dong ◽  
Gang Huang ◽  
Xian Hua Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Composite Nanofibers ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Vinyl Pyrrolidone ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electrospinning Method ◽  
Nanofiber Membranes ◽  
Poly Vinyl Pyrrolidone

The composite nanofiber membranes of poly (ε-caprolactone)/poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PCL/PVP) containing silver nanoparticles were prepared by electrospinning method. The morphology of composite nanofibers was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The silver nanoparticles on the electrospun fibers were characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The contact angle and water uptake of PCL/PVP/Ag nanofiber membranes were measured. The SEM photos indicated that the average diameter of the fibers was significantly decreased with the addition of silver nanoparticles. The X-Ray images showed that Ag nanoparticles were distributed on the surface of nanofiber membranes. When the PVP mole ratio was higher than 15%, the nanofiber membranes showed good hydrophilic property. The PCL/PVP/Ag nanofiber membranes could be applied to prepare wound dressing.

scholarly journals S tudies on the phase transitions and properties of tungsten (VI) oxide nanoparticles by X - Ray diffraction (XRD) and thermal analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.F. Abdullah ◽  
S. Radiman ◽  
M.A. Abdul Hamid ◽  
N.B. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Amorphous Structure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Calcination Temperatures ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scherrer Formula

Tungsten (VI) oxide, WO3nanoparticles were synthesized by colloidal gas aphrons(CGAs) technique.The resultant WO3nanoparticleswere characterized by thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) measurements in order to determine the phase transitions, the crystallinity and the size of theWO3nanoparticles. As a comparison, transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to investigate the size of the WO3nanoparticles. The result from XRD and DTA show that the formation of polymorphsWO3nanoparticles have the following sequence: orthorhombic (b-WO3)®monoclinic (g-WO3) ®triclinic (d-WO3) ®monoclinic (e-WO3) with respect to the calcination temperature of 400, 500, 600 and 700°C. No diffraction peaks were found in the X-Ray diffraction measurements for the sample heat treated at 300°C (as-prepared), suggesting that an amorphous structure was obtained at this temperature whereas the crystallinity had been obtained by the other samples of theWO3nanoparticles at the calcination temperatures of 400, 500, 600 and 700°C. It is also found that the X-Ray diffraction measurements produced an average diameter of (30 ±5), (50 ±5), (150 ±10) and (200 ±10) nm at calcination temperatures of 400, 500, 600 and 700°C respectively by using Debye-Scherrer formula. The TG curve revealed that the WO3nanoparticles is purely anhydrous since the weight loss is insignificant (0.3 –1.4) % from 30 until 600°C for the WO3nanoparticles calcined at 400°C. Finally, the composition and the purity of the WO3nanoparticleshave been examined by X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Theresults indicate no significant changes to the composition and the purity of the WO3nanoparticle produced due to the temperature variations 

scholarly journals Studies on the phase transitions and properties of tungsten (VI) oxide nanoparticles by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and thermal analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.F. Abdullah ◽  
S. Radiman ◽  
M.A. Abdul Hamid ◽  
N.B, Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Amorphous Structure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Calcination Temperatures ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scherrer Formula

Tungsten (VI) oxide, WO3 nanoparticles were synthesized by colloidal gas aphrons (CGAs) technique.  The resultant WO3 nanoparticles were characterized by thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) measurements in order to determine the phase transitions, the crystallinity and the size of the WO3 nanoparticles. As a comparison, transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to investigate the size of the WO3 nanoparticles.  The result from XRD and DTA show that the formation of  polymorphs WO3 nanoparticles have the following sequence: orthorhombic (bWO3) ® monoclinic (g-WO3) ® triclinic (d-WO3) ® monoclinic (e-WO3) with respect to the calcination temperature of 400, 500, 600 and 700°C.  No diffraction  peaks were found in the X-Ray diffraction measurements for the sample heat treated at 300°C (as-prepared), suggesting that an amorphous structure was  obtained at this temperature whereas the crystallinity had been obtained by the other samples of the WO3 nanoparticles at the calcination temperatures of 400, 500, 600 and 700°C.  It is also found that the X-Ray diffraction measurements produced an average diameter of (30 ± 5), (50 ± 5), (150 ± 10) and (200 ± 10) nm at calcination temperatures of 400, 500, 600 and 700°C respectively by using  Debye-Scherrer formula.  The TG curve revealed that the WO3 nanoparticles is purely anhydrous since the weight loss is insignificant (0.3 – 1.4) % from 30 until  600°C for the WO3 nanoparticles calcined at 400°C.  Finally, the composition and the purity of the WO3 nanoparticles have been examined by X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).  The results indicate no significant changes to the composition and the purity of the WO3 nanoparticles produced due to the  temperature variations.                                             

scholarly journals Physical Characteristics of Titania Nanofibers Synthesized by Sol-Gel and Electrospinning Techniques

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 155892501000500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo-Jin Park ◽  
Yong C. Kang ◽  
Ju Y. Park ◽  
Ed A. Evans ◽  
Rex D. Ramsier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Ceramic Nanofibers ◽  
Titania Nanofibers

Titania nanofibers were successfully synthesized by sol-gel coating of electrospun polymer nanofibers followed by calcining to form either the pure anatase or rutile phases. Characterization of these materials was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and UV-vis spectroscopy techniques. The average diameter of these ceramic nanofibers was observed to be around 200 nm for both the rutile and anatase forms. The valence band structure and optical absorption thresholds differ, however, indicating that nanofibrous mats of titania can be selectively developed for different applications in catalysis and photochemistry.

Preparation and Characterization of MoS2 Microsphere by Hydrothermal Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 631-632 ◽  
pp. 306-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Ru Cui ◽  
Jiang Shan He ◽  
Xiao Ming Li ◽  
Jun Xue Zhao ◽  
Ao Li Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Hydrothermal Reaction ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Ammonium Heptamolybdate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Influence Mechanism ◽  
Dispersing Agent

In this work, MoS2 microsphere was synthesized by hydrothermal reaction, in which thiourea (CS(NH2)2) was used as S-source and reducing agent, ammonium heptamolybdate ((NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O) was used as Mo-source. The influence of temperature, as well as different dispersing agents, on the reaction product’s morphology, structure and phase composition was discussed. X-ray diffraction results show that all the as-synthesized products are the hexagonal 2H-MoS2 without impurity. SEM images of the as-prepared MoS2 samples without adding any dispersing agent present spherical morphology with sheet-like structures shaped on the surface. A possible formation mechanism of the MoS2 microsphere is that of self-assembly growth process; In addition, for the samples adding surfactant CTAB, SDBS or PVP in the reactants, the MoS2 is confined to layered structure. Compared with SDBS and PVP, CTAB has the best dispersion effect which ensure the as-synthesized microsphere with about 300nm average diameter, and the influence mechanism of which can be deduced as electrostatic interaction and stereo-hindrance effect.

HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS OF α-MoO3 NANORODS FOR NO2 DETECTION

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (06) ◽  
pp. 1240044 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHOULI BAI ◽  
SONG CHEN ◽  
YUAN TIAN ◽  
RUIXIAN LUO ◽  
DIANQING LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Molybdenum Trioxide ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hydrothermal Temperature ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ft Ir

Thermodynamically stable molybdenum trioxide nanorods have been successfully synthesized by a simple hydrothermal process. The product exhibits high-quality, single-crystalline layered orthorhombic structure (α- MoO3 ), and aspect ratio over 20 by characterizations of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). The growth mechanism of α- MoO3 nanorods can be understood by electroneutral and dehydration reaction, which is highly dependent on solution acidity and hydrothermal temperature. The sensing tests show that the sensor based on MoO3 nanorods exhibits high sensitivity to NO2 and is not interferred by CO and CH4 , which makes this kind sensor a competitive candidate for NO2 detection. The intrinsic sensing performance of MoO3 maybe arise from its nonstoichiometry of MoO3 owing to the presence of Mo5+ and oxygen vacancy in MoO3 lattice, which has been confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The sensing mechanism of MoO3 for NO2 is also discussed.

scholarly journals Graphene Oxide/Ferrocene-Containing Polymer/Gold Nanoparticle Triple Nanocomposite

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhao Qian ◽  
Tao Song ◽  
Mao Ye ◽  
Haiyan Zhang ◽  
Chun Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Colloidal Stability ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Methacrylate Monomer ◽  
Multifunctional Nanocomposites

A facile strategy to prepare GO-based nanocomposites with both gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and ferrocene (Fc) moieties was developed. The surface of GO was modified with PFcMAss homopolymer by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization of a new methacrylate monomer of 2-((2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl)disulfanyl)ethyl ferrocene-carboxylate (FcMAss), consisting of disulfide as an anchoring group for stabilizing AuNPs and Fc group as an additional functionality. AuNPs with an average diameter of about 4.1 nm were formed in situ on the surface of PFcMAss-decorated GO (GO-PFcMAss) via Brust-Schiffrin method to give GO-PFcMAss-AuNPs multifunctional nanocomposites bearing GO, AuNPs and Fc groups. The obtained nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Since disulfide-containing polymers, rather than the commonly used thiol-containing compounds, were employed as ligands to stabilize AuNPs, much more stabilizing groups were attached onto the surface of GO, and thus more AuNPs were able to be introduced onto the surface of GO. Besides, polymeric chains on the surface of GO endowed GO-PFcMAss-AuNPs nanocomposites with excellent colloidal stability, and the usage of a disulfide group provides possibility to efficiently incorporate additional functionalities by easily modifying structure of disulfide-based monomer.

scholarly journals Controllable Synthesis of Mn3O4 Nanowires and Application in the Treatment of Phenol at Room Temperature

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runlin Han ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
Xiaobing Liu ◽  
Yuhang Zhang ◽  
Yongli Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Hydrothermal Reaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Acid Condition ◽  
Facile Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Phenol Solution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Phenol Treatment

Nanosized Mn3O4 nanowires are prepared with KMnO4 and ethanol in mild conditions by facile hydrothermal method. Hydrothermal reaction temperature is optimized to get uniform nanowires. The prepared Mn3O4 nanowires exhibit high activity in the treatment of phenol at acid condition and room temperature. The 20 mg Mn3O4 nanowires can efficiently dispose of 50 mL phenol solution (0.2 g·L−1) at pH 2 and 25 °C. The nanowires before and after phenol treatment are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and the reaction mechanism is discussed.

scholarly journals Optimal Synthesis of Environment-Friendly Iron Red Pigment from Natural Nanostructured Clay Minerals

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yushen Lu ◽  
Wenkai Dong ◽  
Wenbo Wang ◽  
Junjie Ding ◽  
Qin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Hydrothermal Reaction ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Surface Charges ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Color Properties ◽  
X Ray ◽  
One Step

A series of environment-friendly clay minerals—α-Fe2O3 iron-red hybrid pigments—were prepared by a simple one-step hydrothermal reaction process using natural nanostructured silicate clay minerals as starting materials. The influence of structure, morphology and composition of different clay minerals on the structure, color properties, and stability of the pigments was studied comparatively by systematic structure characterizations with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmittance electron microscope (TEM), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and CIE-L*a*b* Colorimetric analyses. The results showed that the clay minerals act as green precipitants during the hydrothermal reaction to induce in-situ transformation of Fe(III) ions into Fe2O3 crystals. Meanwhile, they also act as the “micro-reactor” for forming Fe2O3 crystals and the supporter for inhibiting the aggregation of Fe2O3 nanoparticles. The color properties of iron-red hybrid pigments are closely related to the surface charges, surface silanol groups, and solid acid sites of clay minerals. The clay minerals with higher surface activity are more suitable to prepare iron-red pigments with better performance. The iron-red hybrid pigment derived from illite (ILL) clay showed the best red color performance with the color values of L* = 31.8, a* = 35.2, b* = 27.1, C* = 44.4 and h° = 37.6, and exhibited excellent stability in different chemical environments such as acid, alkaline, and also in high-temperature conditions.

SYNTHESIS OF MONODISPERSE Mn3O4 NANOCRYSTALS

2009 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. 281-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASOUD SALAVATI-NIASARI ◽  
FATEMEH DAVAR
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Binding Energies ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Microscopy Analysis ◽  
20 Nm

Mn3O4 nanocrystals have been prepared using [bis(2-hydroxyacetophenato)manganese(II)] as precursor. Transmission electron microscopy analysis demonstrated nanocrystals Mn3O4 with an average diameter of about 20 nm. The structural study by X-ray diffraction indicates that these nanocrystals have pure tetragonal phase. The phase pure samples were characterized using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy for Mn 2p level. The values of binding energies are consistent with the relative values reported in the literature.

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