scholarly journals Effect of Polymer Blends on the Properties of Foamed Wood-Polymer Composites

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suwei Wang ◽  
Ping Xue ◽  
Mingyin Jia ◽  
Jing Tian ◽  
Run Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Blends ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Softening Temperature ◽  
Great Decrease ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
Wood Polymer ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Distribution Uniformity ◽  
The Impact

The polypropylene (PP)/wood flour (WF) composites were prepared using a co-rotating twin-screw extruder followed by a single-screw extruder foaming system in this paper. Polymers, such as polyolefin elastomer (POE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE) or microcrystalline wax, were blended with PP in the preparation of composites to improve the melt strength. And a cavity transfer mixer was introduced to increase the distribution uniformity of components in composites. Meanwhile, the effect of the polymer blends on the microstructure and mechanical properties of samples was investigated. The experimental results show that the addition of POE and HDPE resulted in the second melting peak in the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) curves and a great decrease in the cell size was caused by the added POE. However, due to the velocity difference of composites in the die, the shape of bubbles gradually became irregular. Moreover, the impact strength of samples significantly increased by 85% for the added POE and the apparent density decreased by 6.7%. And the minimum Vicat softening temperature of 133.7 °C was obtained when the mass ratio of HDPE to PP was 4/6.

Mechanical and Interfacial Properties of Hydrolyzed Kevlar Fiber Reinforced Wood Flour/HDPE Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 221 ◽  
pp. 27-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Xian Ou ◽  
Qing Wen Wang ◽  
Fei Pin Yuan ◽  
Bao Yu Liu ◽  
Wei Jun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Kevlar Fiber ◽  
Single Screw ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Matrix Morphology

Hydrolyzed Kevlar fibers (KFs) were compouded into high-density polyethylene (HDPE) with wood flour (WF) by twin-screw/single-screw extruder to investigate the reinforcement effects of KFs on the mechanical properties of conventional WF/HDPE composites. Maleated HDPE (MAPE) was used as a compatibilizer. The mechanical properties significantly improved as the KFs loading increases in the presence of 4% MAPE, such as tensile strength 14.7%, tensile modulus 12.4%, flexural strength 22.2%, flexural modulus 22.4%, and impact strength 41.7% with 2 wt.% KFs compared to WF/HDPE composite with MAPE. The fiber matrix morphology of the interface region in the composites was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

scholarly journals PP-CBW/m-LLDPE/micro-CaCO3 composite films manufactured from bumper waste by blown film extrusion

2019 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 03001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Zgheib ◽  
Sylvain Seif ◽  
Nemr El Hajj
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
Blown Film ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Mulch Films ◽  
Blown Film Extrusion ◽  
The Impact

The synthesis of polypropylene-based car bumper waste (PP-CBW)/metallocene linear low-density polyethylene (m-LLDPE)/micro-CaCO3 composite films for agriculture mulch films applications has been thoroughly investigated during this study. The chemical composition of these wastes was determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Three blends of various compositions were prepared using a twin-screw extruder, the pellets were then blown into films using a single screw extruder. The mechanical properties of the films were then studied and compared with the EN 13655, 2002 standards for agriculture mulch films applications. The results indicated that the use of an anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAH-g-PP) as compatibilizer improves the adherence at the interface between the polar acrylic paints present in the car bumper waste and the polymer matrix. Also, the presence of stearic acid surface treated micro-CaCO3 improves considerably the mechanical properties of the composite when the amount of PP-CBW is less than 13 wt%. Using higher amount of PP-CBW improves the tear resistance properties in TD and MD but fails to increase the impact strength and the tensile properties in MD and TD.

scholarly journals RESOURCE-SAVING MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY OF WOOD-POLYMER SHEETS AND PROFILE PRODUCTS

2018 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
I.O. Mikulionok
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Thermoplastic Composite ◽  
Rheological Characteristics ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Polymeric Composition ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
Wood Polymer ◽  
Twin Screw

Advantages of use of a wood filler as a component of thermoplastic composite materials (TpCM) with use of a polymeric matrix are considered. The analysis of design of an area of preparation of wood and polymeric composition melt is made. Rational options of design of process of extrusion preparation and formation of TpCM are defined, their advantages and disadvantages are shown. The description of the industrial line for production of wood and polymeric sheets is provided. Recommendations about use of extrusive installations for processing TpCM are made (use of extrusion lines on the basis of a single-screw extruder, and for receiving production with increased requirements to quality – cascade schemes with a twin-screw extruder is preferable). Pictures of finished goods, and also rheological characteristics of wood and polymeric composition melt depending on structure and temperature are given. It is also shown that rheological characteristics of the filled TpCM with use of secondary polymeric raw materials can significantly differ from the corresponding characteristics of primary polymers. Bibl. 28, Fig. 2.

Properties of Highly Filled Composites of Wood Flour and Recycled HDPE Prepared by Extrusion

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 892-896
Author(s):  
Ze Wen Li ◽  
Qing Wen Wang ◽  
Hua Gao
Keyword(s):  
Wood Flour ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Crystallinity Degree ◽  
Rheological Analysis ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Twin Screw

As a new strategy to effectively use wood and plastic wastes, composites of high content wood flour (WF) and recycled high density polyethylene (RHDPE), with and without maleic anhydride polyethylene (MAPE) as compatibilizer, were prepared by direct extrusion using a twin-screw/single- screw extruder system. The effects of MAPE on the properties of composite were investigated by mechanical tests, torque rheological analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results demonstrated that MAPE greatly improved the mechanical properties of the prepared WF/RHDPE composites. This was attributed to the strong improvement effects of MAPE on the interfacial interaction of the composites, as was confirmed by the torque rheological and SEM analysis. According to the DSC results, composites with 60% WF content show lower crystallinity degree (Xc) and melting temperature (Tm) than RHDPE, but the values for Tm and Xc did not have noticeable changes with the addition of MAPE.

Determination of the phase structure of polymerblends by electron microscopy

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 492-493
Author(s):  
Dr. G. Kaemof
Keyword(s):  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Special Case ◽  
Microscopic Investigations

A mixture of polycarbonate (PC) and styrene-acrylonitrile-copolymer (SAN) represents a very good example for the efficiency of electron microscopic investigations concerning the determination of optimum production procedures for high grade product properties.The following parameters have been varied:components of charge (PC : SAN 50 : 50, 60 : 40, 70 : 30), kind of compounding machine (single screw extruder, twin screw extruder, discontinuous kneader), mass-temperature (lowest and highest possible temperature).The transmission electron microscopic investigations (TEM) were carried out on ultra thin sections, the PC-phase of which was selectively etched by triethylamine.The phase transition (matrix to disperse phase) does not occur - as might be expected - at a PC to SAN ratio of 50 : 50, but at a ratio of 65 : 35. Our results show that the matrix is preferably formed by the components with the lower melting viscosity (in this special case SAN), even at concentrations of less than 50 %.

scholarly journals Influence of the Phase Inversion on Mould-Shrinkage, Mechanical- and Burning Properties of Polymer Blend

2017 ◽  
Vol 885 ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Károly Dobrovszky ◽  
Ferenc Ronkay
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Polymer Blends ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Polymer Blend ◽  
Phase Inversion ◽  
Viscosity Ratio ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Binary Polymer ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
Twin Screw

Blending polymers is an effective method to develop novel materials, tailoring the properties of the components. However, different morphology structures can be formed during the preparation, which could result in a wide diversity of mechanical and physical properties. The properties of polymer blends are most significantly influenced by the emerging range of phase inversion, which depends on the composition ratio and the viscosity ratio. In this paper various blends were prepared, utilizing polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS) and two high density polyethylenes (HDPE), which differ in flowability. After preliminary homogenization by twin screw extruder, standard injection moulded specimen were prepared in order to present the effects of phase inversion on tensile properties, shrinkage and burning characteristics in binary polymer blends.

Toughening Modification of Poly(butylene terephthalate)/Polycarbonate Blends by Poly(ethylene-co-octene)

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-394
Author(s):  
Huiyu Bai ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Yinxi Zhang ◽  
Xiangfu Zhang ◽  
Wen Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Average Diameter ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Bisphenol A Polycarbonate ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Butylene Terephthalate ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
The Impact

New toughened poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT)/bisphenol A polycarbonate (PC) blends were obtained by melt blending with commercial poly(ethylene-co-octene) copolymer (POE), varying the POE content up to 10 wt%, in a twin screw extruder, followed by injection moulding. The influence of POE on the properties of the PBT/PC blends was investigated in terms of mechanical testing, dynamic mechanical thermal (DMTA) analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The results showed that addition of POE led to remarkable increases in the impact strength, elongation at break and Vicat temperature, and a reduction in the tensile strength and flexural properties of PBT/PC blends. The morphology of the blends was observed using SEM and the average diameter of the dispersed phase was determined by image analysis. The critical inter-particle distance for PBT/PC was determined.

Structure and Mechanical Behavior of Isotactic Polypropylene Composites Filled with Silver Nanoparticles

e-Polymers ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sie Chin Tjong ◽  
Suping Bao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Isotactic Polypropylene ◽  
Ag Nanoparticles ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Additional Increase ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Melt Compounding ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Izod Impact ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIsotactic polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites containing 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 1.0 wt % silver (Ag) nanoparticles were prepared via melt compounding in a twin-screw extruder followed by injection molding The effects of the Ag nanoparticle additions on the structure and mechanical behavior of PP were studied using DSC, WXRD, optical microscopy, tensile and Izod impact techniques. DSC and WXRD measurements showed that the addition of only 0.1 wt% Ag nanoparticles promote the formation of β-form PP. Further increasing Ag content would not lead to additional increase of the β-PP phase content. The induced β- form PP phase is beneficial to enhance the impact strength and tensile ductility of the PP/Ag nanocomposites.

Effect of Compatibilizer on Impact Strength and Morphology of Polystyrene/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposites

2012 ◽  
Vol 545 ◽  
pp. 330-334
Author(s):  
Sirirat Wacharawichanant ◽  
Pranee Saetun ◽  
Thunwawon Lekkong ◽  
Thongyai Supakanok
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Zno Particles ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scanning Electron

This article investigated the effects of particle size of zinc oxide (ZnO) and polystyrene-co-maleic anhydride (SMA) compatibilizer on impact strength and morphology of polystyrene (PS)/ZnO71 (71 nm) and PS/ZnO250 (250 nm) nanocomposites. PS/ZnO nanocomposites with varying concentration of ZnO and SMA were prepared by a melt mixing technique in a twin screw extruder. It was found that the impact strength of PS nanocomposites increased up to a ZnO content of 1.0 wt%. Moreover, PS/ZnO250 nanocomposites had higher impact strength than PS/ZnO71 nanocomposites. The addition of SMA increased the impact strength of PS/ZnO nanocomposites with increasing SMA content. The result showed that SMA could improve impact strength of nanocomposites. The dispersion of ZnO particles on PS/ZnO nanocomposites was studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM). It was observed that the dispersion of ZnO particles of PS/ZnO nanocomposites without SMA was non-uniform and the agglomeration of ZnO particles in the polymer matrix increased with increasing ZnO content. The dispersion of ZnO particles of PS/ZnO nanocomposites after adding SMA was relatively good and only few aggregations exist. These observations support the results of the impact test where the PS/ZnO nanocomposites with SMA displayed higher impact strength than the PS/ZnO nanocomposites without SMA. The study showed that SMA was used as a compatibilizer to improve the dispersability and compatibility of ZnO particles in PS matrix.

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