Assessment of Tendon Prestressing after Long-Term Service via the Barkhausen Noise Technique

This paper deals with the assessment of a real prestressed tendon by the use of Barkhausen noise emission. The tendon was obtained from a real highway bridge after 33 years in service. Barkhausen noise is studied as a function of the stress state, and the Barkhausen noise signals received directly from the tendon on the real bridge are compared with the Barkhausen noise signals received from the tendon during loading in the laboratory. Assessment of the prestressing is based on the analysis of the effective value of the Barkhausen noise signal as well as the position in which the Barkhausen noise envelopes attain a maximum.

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Attenuation of Barkhausen Noise Emission due to Variable Coating Thickness

Coatings ◽

10.3390/coatings11030263 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 263

Author(s):

Katarína Zgútová ◽

Martin Pitoňák

Keyword(s):

Corrosion Resistance ◽

Stress State ◽

Magnetic Fields ◽

Tensile Stress ◽

Coating Thickness ◽

Barkhausen Noise ◽

Noise Emission ◽

The Real ◽

And Shifts ◽

The Relationship

Monitoring of the stress state of bridges by the use of the Barkhausen noise technique has been already introduced and this method can be adapted for monitoring of component’s overstressing. Measurement of Barkhausen noise on real bridges is carried out through the coating applied as a layer to increase the corrosion resistance of bodies. However, it was found that the thickness of the coating could vary, which in turn affects the Barkhausen noise signals and makes it difficult to assess the real stress state. For this reason, this paper deals with attenuation of Barkhausen noise emission due to variable thicknesses of coatings on the steel S460MC. It was found that increasing the thickness progressively decreases the Barkhausen noise emission and shifts the Barkhausen noise envelopes to the higher magnetic fields. Furthermore, the thickness of the coating also affects the relationship between the tensile stress and the Barkhausen noise.

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Non-Destructive Evaluation of Steel Surfaces after Severe Plastic Deformation via the Barkhausen Noise Technique

Metals ◽

10.3390/met8121029 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 1029 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Miroslav Neslušan ◽

Libor Trško ◽

Peter Minárik ◽

Jiří Čapek ◽

Jozef Bronček ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Shot Peening ◽

Progressive Increase ◽

Noise Signal ◽

Barkhausen Noise ◽

Noise Emission ◽

Non Destructive Evaluation ◽

Almen Intensity ◽

The Relationship ◽

Non Destructive ◽

Severe Shot Peening

This paper reports about the non-destructive evaluation of surfaces after severe shot peening via the Barkhausen noise technique. Residuals stresses and the corresponding Almen intensity, as well as microstructure alterations, are correlated with the Barkhausen noise signal and its extracted features. It was found that residual stresses as well as the Barkhausen noise exhibit a valuable anisotropy. For this reason, the relationship between the Barkhausen noise and stress state is more complicated. On the other hand, the near-the-surface layer exhibits a remarkable deformation induced softening, expressed in terms of the microhardness and the corresponding crystalline size. Such an effect explains the progressive increase of the Barkhausen noise emission along with the shot-peening time. Therefore, the Barkhausen noise can be considered as a promising technique capable of distinguishing between the variable regimes of severe shoot peening.

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Usage of Barkhausen Noise for Assessment of Corrosion Damage on Different Low Alloyed Steels

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app112210646 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (22) ◽

pp. 10646

Author(s):

Filip Pastorek ◽

Martin Decký ◽

Miroslav Neslušan ◽

Martin Pitoňák

Keyword(s):

Salt Spray ◽

Corrosion Damage ◽

Noise Signal ◽

Peak Position ◽

Barkhausen Noise ◽

Variable Degree ◽

Neutral Salt ◽

Noise Emission ◽

Corrosion Attack ◽

Non Destructive

This study deals with corrosion damage of low alloyed feritic steels of variable strength. Three different steels of nominal yield strength 235, 700 and 1100 MPa were subjected to the variable degree of corrosion attack developed in the corrosion chamber under a neutral salt spray (NSS) atmosphere. The corrosion damage was investigated by the use of conventional metallographic observations when the thickness of corroded layer was quantified. Moreover, non-destructive magnetic technique, based on Barkhausen noise, was also employed. It was found that the rate of corrosion damage decreases along with the increasing number of days in the chamber. The similar evolution can be also found for Barkhausen noise emission and the extracted parameters from the emission. It can be reported that conventional rms value of Barkhausen noise signal as well as FWHM (full width at half maximum of Barkhausen noise envelope) can be linked with the corrosion extent, especially in the early phases of corrosion attack. The PP (peak position of Barkhausen noise envelope) values exhibit poor sensitivity.

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Hidden “holes” in the capital of banks and the supply of credit to the real sector of economy

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2018-5-49-68 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 49-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. E. Mamonov

Keyword(s):

Credit Risk ◽

The Other ◽

Real Sector ◽

Capital Management ◽

Loan Loss ◽

Short Term ◽

The Real ◽

Ex Post ◽

The One

Our analysis documents that the existence of hidden “holes” in the capital of not yet failed banks - while creating intertemporal pressure on the actual level of capital - leads to changing of maturity of loans supplied rather than to contracting of their volume. Long-term loans decrease, whereas short-term loans rise - and, what is most remarkably, by approximately the same amounts. Standardly, the higher the maturity of loans the higher the credit risk and, thus, the more loan loss reserves (LLP) banks are forced to create, increasing the pressure on capital. Banks that already hide “holes” in the capital, but have not yet faced with license withdrawal, must possess strong incentives to shorten the maturity of supplied loans. On the one hand, it raises the turnovers of LLP and facilitates the flexibility of capital management; on the other hand, it allows increasing the speed of shifting of attracted deposits to loans to related parties in domestic or foreign jurisdictions. This enlarges the potential size of ex post revealed “hole” in the capital and, therefore, allows us to assume that not every loan might be viewed as a good for the economy: excessive short-term and insufficient long-term loans can produce the source for future losses.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Hypospadias repair at a tertiary care center: long-term followup is mandatory to determine the real complication rate.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.717970835.793481440 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Moneer Hanna

Keyword(s):

Complication Rate ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Tertiary Care Center ◽

Hypospadias Repair ◽

The Real

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Predictors of long-term cryoglobulinemic vasculitis outcomes after HCV eradication with direct-acting antivirals in the real-life

Autoimmunity Reviews ◽

10.1016/j.autrev.2021.102923 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 102923

Author(s):

Laura Gragnani ◽

Serena Lorini ◽

Silvia Marri ◽

Caterina Vacchi ◽

Francesco Madia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real Life ◽

Cryoglobulinemic Vasculitis ◽

Direct Acting Antivirals ◽

The Real ◽

Direct Acting

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Einsatz von Secukinumab bei Patienten mit Psoriasis und Psoriasis-Arthritis – Ergebnisse einer nichtinterventionellen Studie unter Praxisbedingungen (SERENA-Studie)

Karger Kompass Autoimmun ◽

10.1159/000518345 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-3

Author(s):

Michael Sticherling

Keyword(s):

Observational Study ◽

Real World ◽

Human Monoclonal Antibody ◽

Rapid Onset ◽

Onset Of Action ◽

The Real ◽

Interleukin 17A ◽

Favourable Safety ◽

Favourable Safety Profile

Introduction: Secukinumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody that directly inhibits interleukin-17A, has demonstrated robust efficacy in the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis (PsO), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS), with a rapid onset of action, sustained long-term clinical responses and a consistently favourable safety profile across phase 3 trials. Here, we report the clinical data at enrolment from SERENA, designed to investigate the real-world use of secukinumab across all three indications. Methods: SERENA is an ongoing, longitudinal, observational study conducted at 438 sites across Europe in patients with moderate to severe plaque PsO, active PsA or active AS. Patients should have received at least 16 weeks of secukinumab treatment before enrolment in the study. Results: Overall 2800 patients were included in the safety set; patients with PsA (N = 541) were older than patients with PsO (N = 1799) and patients with AS (N = 460); patients with PsO had a higher mean body weight than patients with PsA and patients with AS; and patients with PsO and patients with AS were predominantly male. Time since diagnosis was longer in patients with PsO compared with patients with PsA and patients with AS, and about 40% of patients were either current or former smokers. The proportion of obese patients (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2) was similar across indications. Patients were treated with secukinumab for a mean duration of 1 year prior to enrolment (range 0.89–1.04). The percentages of patients with prior biologics exposure were 31.5% PsO, 59.7% PsA and 55% AS. The percentages of patients prescribed secukinumab monotherapy were 75% (n = 1349) in PsO, 48.2% (n = 261) in PsA and 48.9% (n = 225) in AS groups. Conclusion: Baseline demographics of the study population are consistent with existing literature. This large observational study across all secukinumab indications will provide valuable information on the long-term effectiveness and safety of secukinumab in the real-world setting.

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CANDIDE et la monnaie

L Actualité économique ◽

10.7202/800659ar ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 75-103

Author(s):

Jean-Pierre Aubry ◽

Pierre Duguay

Keyword(s):

Interest Rate ◽

Interest Rates ◽

Term Structure ◽

Structural Equations ◽

Reduced Form ◽

Real Sector ◽

Short Term ◽

The Real ◽

Structure Equations

Abstract In this paper we deal with the financial sector of CANDIDE 1.1. We are concerned with the determination of the short-term interest rate, the term structure equations, and the channels through which monetary policy influences the real sector. The short-term rate is determined by a straightforward application of Keynesian liquidity preference theory. A serious problem arises from the directly estimated reduced form equation, which implies that the demand for high powered money, but not the demand for actual deposits, is a stable function of income and interest rates. The structural equations imply the opposite. In the term structure equations, allowance is made for the smaller variance of the long-term rates, but insufficient explanation is given for their sharper upward trend. This leads to an overstatement of the significance of the U.S. long-term rate that must perform the explanatory role. Moreover a strong structural hierarchy, by which the long Canada rate wags the industrial rate, is imposed without prior testing. In CANDIDE two channels of monetary influence are recognized: the costs of capital and the availability of credit. They affect the business fixed investment and housing sectors. The potential of the personal consumption sector is not recognized, the wealth and real balance effects are bypassed, the credit availability proxy is incorrect, the interest rate used in the real sector is nominal rather than real, and the specification of the housing sector is dubious.

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Alemtuzumab in the long-term treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: an update on the clinical trial evidence and data from the real world

Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders ◽

10.1177/1756285617722706 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 343-359 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Tjalf Ziemssen ◽

Katja Thomas

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Adverse Events ◽

Mechanism Of Action ◽

Real World ◽

Continuous Treatment ◽

The Real ◽

Relapsing Remitting ◽

Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Alemtuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), given as two annual courses on five consecutive days at baseline and on three consecutive days 12 months later. Here we provide an update on the long-term efficacy and safety of alemtuzumab in RRMS, including real-world experience, and advances in our understanding of its mechanism of action. Recent data from the phase II/III extension study have demonstrated that alemtuzumab reduces relapse rates, disability worsening, and the rate of brain volume loss over the long term, with many patients achieving no evidence of disease activity. In high proportions of patients, preexisting disability remained stable or improved. Alemtuzumab is associated with a consistent safety profile over the long term, with no new safety signals emerging and the overall annual incidence of reported adverse events decreasing after the first year on treatment. Acyclovir prophylaxis reduces herpetic infections, and monitoring has been shown to mitigate the risk of autoimmune adverse events, allowing early detection and overall effective management. Data from clinical practice and ongoing observational studies are providing additional information on the real-world use of alemtuzumab. Recent evidence on the mechanism of action of alemtuzumab indicates that in addition to its previously known effects of inducing depletion and repopulation of T and B lymphocytes, it also results in a relative increase of cells with memory and regulatory phenotypes and a decrease in cells with a proinflammatory signature, and may further promote an immunoregulatory environment through an impact on other innate immune cells (e.g. dendritic cells) that play a role in MS. These effects may allow preservation of innate immunity and immunosurveillance. Together, these lines of evidence help explain the durable clinical efficacy of alemtuzumab, in the absence of continuous treatment, in patients with RRMS.

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