scholarly journals The Improvement of Moisture Resistance and Organic Compatibility of SrAl2O4: Eu2+, Dy3+ Persistent Phosphors Coated with Silica–Polymer Hybrid Shell

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Lyu ◽  
Yuxian Chen ◽  
Liting Yu ◽  
Rui Li ◽  
Liu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Moisture Resistance ◽  
Safety Hazards ◽  
Polymer Shell ◽  
Polymer Hybrid ◽  
Surface Marking ◽  
Luminescent Coatings

The existing road surface marking with poor visibility at night results in traffic safety hazards in insufficient lighting roads. This study aims to prepare the dedicated aluminate-based persistent phosphors considering the integrated pavement environment, as the first step to achieve the durable luminescent road surface marking. SrAl2O4: Eu2+, Dy3+ persistent phosphors coated with silica–polymer hybrid shell were prepared by chemical precipitation and sol-gel method to improve moisture resistance and organic compatibility. The optimum silane coupling agent type and dosage, the surfactant dosage, the optimum sodium silicate dosage, and the coating reaction time in silica shell and polymer shell coating were studied based on the moisture resistance test. The silica–polymer hybrid shell coating balances the organic compatibility and thermal stability as compared to the silica or polymer shell coating in the oil absorption test and thermogravimetric analysis. Ex-Em Spectra, XRD, and SEM method were used to characterize the persistent phosphors, indicating the preparation does not destroy the persistent phosphors. The outstanding durable properties of SrAl2O4: Eu2+, Dy3+ persistent phosphors coated with silica–polymer hybrid shell as shown in this research is crucial for its potential application in waterborne luminescent coatings of road surface marking.

scholarly journals An analysis of road pavement collapses and traffic safety hazards resulting from leaky sewers

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Kuliczkowska
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Safety Hazards ◽  
Sewer Pipes ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Linear Defects ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Pavement Damage

In this paper, road pavement collapses resulting from sewer leakage are divided into six categories: negligible, marginal, considerable, serious, very serious and catastrophic, with the categorization being based on two criteria, both related to traffic safety, i.e., the number of fatalities caused by sinkholes, and the extent of the road pavement damage. The causes of road pavement collapses are also discussed. The study involved analyzing the deterioration of sewer pipes with long service lives, focusing on the most common materials, i.e., concrete and vitrified clay. The results of the sewer inspections performed by the Kielce University of Technology suggest that the spot and linear defects detected in sewers of this type can be divided into three groups. The findings were used to formulate some recommendations on how to improve road traffic safety by preventing road pavement collapses.

scholarly journals Road Hazard Assessment Using Pothole and Traffic Data in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Choong Heon Yang ◽  
Jin Guk Kim ◽  
Sung Pil Shin
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Traffic Data ◽  
Surface Conditions ◽  
The Road ◽  
Damage Data

Road surface conditions have a direct effect on the quality of driving, which in turn affects overall traffic flow. Many studies have been conducted to accurately identify road surface conditions using diverse technologies. However, these previously proposed methods may still be insufficient to estimate actual risks along the roads because the exact road risk levels cannot be determined from only road surface damage data. The actual risk level of the road must be derived by considering both the road surface damage data as well as other factors such as speed. In this study, the road hazard index is proposed using smartphone-obtained pothole and traffic data to represent the level of risk due to road surface conditions. The relevant algorithm and its operating system are developed to produce the estimated index values that are classified into four levels of road risk. This road hazard index can assist road agencies in establishing road maintenance plans and budgets and will allow drivers to minimize the risk of accidents by adjusting their driving speeds in advance of dangerous road conditions. To demonstrate the proposed risk hazard assessment methodology, road hazards were assessed along specific test road sections based on observed pothole and historical travel speed data. It was found that the proposed methodology provides a rational method for improving traffic safety.

scholarly journals STUDI KERUSAKAN JALAN DITINJAU DARI FAKTOR SETEMPAT (STUDI KASUS RUAS JALAN BLANGKEJEREN – LAWE AUNAN)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 667-678
Author(s):  
Mulyadi Mulyadi ◽  
Muhammad Isya ◽  
Sofyan M. Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Pavement Condition ◽  
Local Factors ◽  
The Road ◽  
Pavement Condition Index ◽  
On The Road

Abstract: Blangkejeren - Lawe Aunan road conditions overall is on the slopes of the mountains which is strongly influenced by local environmental factors such as drainage, topography, soil conditions, material conditions and vehicle load conditions across the road. It should be noted in order to avoid a decrease in the road quality due to road surface damage that can affect the traffic safety, comfort and smoothness.. Therefore, it is necessary to study the evaluation of the condition of the damaged road surface and the local factors that affect the damage in order to avoid a decrease in the roads quality. This study took place on Blangkejeren - Lawe Aunan roads started from Sta. 529 + 700 - Sta. 535 + 206. Generally, the condition of roads in this segment were found damage that disturb the comfort, smoothness and safety of the roads users. In this study, the primary data obtained by actual surveys in the form of data field length, width, area, and depth of each type of damage as well as local factors that lead to such damage. Actual field surveys conducted along the 5.506 km, with the distance interval of each segment is 100 m. The secondary data obtained from the relevant institutions and other materials related to this research. This study analyzed the PCI method (Pavement Condition Index) to obtain the level of damage in order to know how to handle, while for the identification of the damage done by observation factors descriptively appropriate observation in the field such as the number of damage points. The results of this study found that the type of damage caused to roads is damage to the cover layer, a hole, and curly. This type of damage that commonly occurs on the road Blangkejeren - Lawe Aunan is damage to the edges with a percentage of 87.30%. The local factors that greatly affect drainage on the percentage of damage is 62.00%. PCI average value is 13.47 which indicates a very bad condition (very poor) and requires maintenance or improvement of reconstruction.Abstrak: Kondisi jalan Blangkejeren – Lawe Aunan secara keseluruhan berada di lereng pegunungan sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan setempat seperti drainase, topografi, kondisi tanah, kondisi material dan kondisi beban kendaraan yang melintasi jalan tersebut. Hal ini perlu diperhatikan agar tidak terjadi penurunan kualitas jalan akibat kerusakan permukaan jalan sehingga dapat mempengaruhi keamanan, kenyamanan, dan kelancaran dalam berlalu lintas. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian evaluasi terhadap kondisi permukaan jalan yang mengalami kerusakan serta faktor setempat yang mempengaruhi kerusakan tersebut agar tidak terjadi penurunan kualitas jalan. Penelitian ini mengambil lokasi di ruas jalan Blangkejeren – Lawe Aunan yang dimulai dari Sta. 529+700 - Sta. 535+206. Umumnya kondisi ruas jalan pada segmen ini banyak ditemukan kerusakan-kerusakan yang dapat mengganggu kenyamanan, kelancaran, dan keamanan pengguna jalan. Dalam penelitian ini data primer diperoleh dengan melakukan survei aktual lapangan yaitu berupa data panjang, lebar, luasan, dan kedalaman tiap jenis kerusakan serta faktor setempat yang mengakibatkan kerusakan tersebut. Survei aktual lapangan dilakukan sepanjang 5,506 km, dengan jarak interval setiap segmen adalah 100 m. Adapun data sekunder diperoleh dari lembaga terkait dan bahan lainnya yang berhubungan dengan penelitian ini. Penelitian ini dianalisis dengan metode PCI (Pavement Condition Index) untuk mendapatkan tingkat kerusakan agar diketahui cara penanganannya, sedangkan untuk identifikasi faktor kerusakannya dilakukan dengan pengamatan secara diskriptif sesuai hasil pengamatan di lapangan berupa jumlah titik kerusakan. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa jenis kerusakan yang terjadi pada ruas jalan adalah kerusakan lapisan penutup, lubang, dan keriting. Jenis kerusakan yang umum terjadi pada ruas jalan Blangkejeren – Lawe Aunan adalah kerusakan tepi dengan persentase 87,30 %. Faktor setempat yang sangat mempengaruhi kerusakan adalah drainase dengan persentase 62,00%. Nilai PCI rata-rata yaitu 13,47 yang menunjukkan kondisi sangat buruk (very poor) dan memerlukan pemeliharaan peningkatan atau rekonstruksi.

Sol–gel preparation of antireflective coatings at 351 nm with different thickness and improved moisture-resistance

2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 340-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinxiang Zhang ◽  
Yulu Zhang ◽  
Haiping Ye ◽  
Bo Xiao ◽  
Lianghong Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Moisture Resistance ◽  
Antireflective Coatings ◽  
Gel Preparation ◽  
Different Thickness

Comparative study of phase transformation of Al2O3 nanoparticles prepared by chemical precipitation and sol-gel auto combustion methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 122-125
Author(s):  
Priyanka Nayar ◽  
Sayali Waghmare ◽  
Priyansh Singh ◽  
Mohamed Najar ◽  
Suresh Puttewar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Al2o3 Nanoparticles ◽  
Auto Combustion

scholarly journals Effect of catalyst HF concentration on the electrical characteristics of ultra low-k materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Wei He ◽  
Shi-Qiu Zhu ◽  
Sheng-Li Wang ◽  
Zheng Qi ◽  
Yu-Yuan Guan
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Breakdown Field ◽  
Moisture Resistance ◽  
Electrical Characteristics ◽  
Low Leakage ◽  
Low Leakage Current ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Capacitance Voltage ◽  
Low K

The effects of catalyst HF concentration on the dielectric and electrical properties of SiOF films are discussed. From the current density-voltage and capacitance-voltage curves, we observed that the film catalyzed with the special concentration of HF (the ratio of HF/H2O = 1/5) shows good moisture resistance, low leakage current (10-11 A/cm2 at 1 MV/cm) and high breakdown field (6 MV/cm), which can be explained by the results of Fourier transform infrared spectra. The dielectric constant value is also very low and reaches about 1.75 after annealing at the temperature of 450?C. Therefore, the concentration of HF catalyst is an important factor in the sol-gel process.

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