scholarly journals On the Dependence of Rheology of Hyaluronic Acid Solutions and Frictional Behavior of Articular Cartilage

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2659 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Rebenda ◽  
Martin Vrbka ◽  
Pavel Čípek ◽  
Evgeniy Toropitsyn ◽  
David Nečas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Optical Glass ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Frictional Behavior ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Contact Couple

Hyaluronic acid (HA) injections represent one of the most common methods for the treatment of osteoarthritis. However, the clinical results of this method are unambiguous mainly because the mechanism of action has not been clearly clarified yet. Viscosupplementation consists, inter alia, of the improvement of synovial fluid rheological properties by injected solution. The present paper deals with the effect of HA molecular weight on the rheological properties of its solutions and also on friction in the articular cartilage model. Viscosity and viscoelastic properties of HA solutions were analyzed with a rotational rheometer in a cone–plate and plate–plate configuration. In total, four HA solutions with molecular weights between 77 kDa and 2010 kDa were tested. The frictional measurements were realized on a commercial tribometer Bruker UMT TriboLab, while the coefficient of friction (CoF) dependency on time was measured. The contact couple consisted of the articular cartilage pin and the plate made from optical glass. The contact was fully flooded with tested HA solutions. Results showed a strong dependency between HA molecular weight and its rheological properties. However, no clear dependence between HA molecular weight and CoF was revealed from the frictional measurements. This study presents new insight into the dependence between rheological and frictional behavior of the articular cartilage, while such an extensive investigation has not been presented before.

Relationships between Molecular Weights and Rheological Properties of Asphalts

1996 ◽  
Vol 1535 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan F. B ranthaver ◽  
Raymond E. Robertson ◽  
John J. Duvall
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Size Exclusion Chromatography ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Molecular Weight Distributions ◽  
Molecular Associations ◽  
Weight Distributions ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography ◽  
Microstructural Model

It is known that the rheological properties of mixtures of organic compounds are functions of molecular weight distributions. However, with respect to asphalts, which are composed of many different compounds and compound types, molecular weights are difficult to measure. This difficulty occurs because the molecular associations that form are held together by forces of varying strengths and are partly broken up by heat and solvents. In theory, the strongest molecular associations in asphalts should have the greatest influence on the rheological properties of asphalts. These associations would be expected to be the major contributors to the asphalt's behaving as if it were a relatively high molecular weight material. Asphalt molecular associations should be isolatable by means of size exclusion chromatography. Several fractions of varying molecular weights (measured by membrane osmometry and vapor phase osmometry) were isolated from Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) asphalt AAD-1 by preparative size exclusion chromatography. Molecular weights of these fractions ranged from approximately 2,000 daltons to over 40,000 daltons. When these fractions were independently mixed with asphalt AAD-1 solvent moiety, mixtures were obtained whose rheological properties were a function of the molecular weights and concentrations of the associated materials. These results support the microstructural model of asphalt proposed during SHRP. The results also suggest that the unusual rheological properties of some asphalts may be explained by measuring molecular weight distributions. This type of information may be useful for modification of asphalts to achieve desirable rheological properties.

Hyaluronic Acid Macromer Concentration Influences Functional MSC Chondrogenesis in Photocrosslinked MSC-Laden Hydrogels

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac E. Erikson ◽  
Cindy Chung ◽  
Jason A. Burdick ◽  
Robert L. Mauck
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Distinct Advantage ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
Weight Concentration

Intrinsic repair of articular cartilage is poor, and so numerous tissue engineering strategies have been developed for producing functional cartilage replacements. Photopolymerizable methacrylated hyaluronic acid (MeHA) hydrogels have been developed as a potential hydrogel that possesses the distinct advantage of being biologically relevant as well as easily modified to generate a range of hydrogel properties [1]. To date, optimization of this hydrogel has been carried out by adjusting macromer molecular weight, concentration, and extent of methacrylation. Recent studies using MeHA hydrogels with auricular chondrocytes have shown that adjustments in these parameters can have significant impact on cell viability and construct maturation. [1, 2].

scholarly journals High and Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid Differentially Influences Oxylipins Synthesis in Course of Neuroinflammation

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 3894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry V. Chistyakov ◽  
Alina A. Astakhova ◽  
Nadezda V. Azbukina ◽  
Sergei V. Goriainov ◽  
Viktor V. Chistyakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Brain Inflammation ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Extracellular Medium ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Cultured Astrocytes ◽  
Tlr4 Agonist ◽  
Fatty Acids Metabolism ◽  
Tlr3 Signaling

Hyaluronic acid (HA), a major glycosaminoglycan of the extracellular matrix, has cell signaling functions that are dependent on its molecular weight. Anti-inflammatory effects for high-molecular-weight (HMW) HA and pro-inflammatory effects for low-molecular-weight (LMW) HA effects were found for various myeloid cells, including microglia. Astrocytes are cells of ectodermal origin that play a pivotal role in brain inflammation, but the link between HA with different molecular weights and an inflammatory response in these cells is not clear. We tested the effects of LMW and HMW HA in rat primary astrocytes, stimulated with Poly:IC (PIC, TLR3 agonist) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS, TLR4 agonist). Oxylipin profiles were measured by the UPLC-MS/MS analysis and metabolites HDoHEs (from docosahexaenoic acid), -HETEs, prostaglandins (from arachidonic acid), DiHOMEs and HODEs (from linoleic acid) were detected. Both, HMW and LMW HA downregulated the cyclooxygenase-mediated polyunsaturated fatty acids metabolism, LMW also reduced lipoxygenase-mediated fatty acid metabolism. Taken together, the data show that both LMW and HMW (i) influence themselves on cytokines (TNFα, IL-6, IL-10), enzymes iNOS, COX-2, and oxylipin levels in extracellular medium of cultured astrocytes, (ii) induced cellular adaptations in long-term applications, (iii) modulate TLR4- and TLR3-signaling pathways. The effects of HMW and LMW HA are predominantly revealed in TLR4– and TLR3- mediated responses, respectively.

scholarly journals High Performance Conditioning Shampoo with Hyaluronic Acid and Sustainable Surfactants

Cosmetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Kelly Yorke ◽  
Samiul Amin
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Shear Rates ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Surface Activity Properties ◽  
Alkyl Polyglucoside

Recently, consumers have become invested in more natural and sustainable ingredients contained in personal care products. Unfortunately, cationic surfactants are still heavily relied on as primary conditioning agents in products such as conditioning shampoos because of their ability to cling well to the negatively charged surface of hair follicles. Additionally, sulfates are utilized as cleansing agents because they are highly effective and low cost. The objective of this study is to find a more sustainable formulation for a conditioning shampoo without compromising the desired wet combing, rheological, and surface activity properties. The systems which were investigated contained hyaluronic acid (HA) at a variety of molecular weights and concentrations, in combination with a surfactant, either acidic sophorolipid (ASL) or alkyl polyglucoside (APG), and varying the presence of sodium chloride. A Dia-stron was utilized to test the wet combing force, a rheometer recorded the viscosity at various shear rates, and a tensiometer measured the surface tension of the samples before a visual foaming study was conducted. Molecular weight and concentration seemed to have a large impact on wet combing force, as well as rheology, with the largest molecular weight and concentration producing the lowest friction coefficient and desired rheological profile. The addition of a surfactant significantly aids in the reduction in surface tension and increased foamability. Therefore, the optimal system to achieve the largest reduction in wet combing force, large viscosity with shear-thinning behavior, and relatively low surface tension with decent foaming is composed of 1% HA at 800 kDa, 10% ASL and 1% NaCl. This system shows a viable sulfate-free and silicone-free option that can achieve both conditioning and cleansing.

scholarly journals The Effects of the Molecular Weights of Hyaluronic Acid on the Immune Responses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Mi Lee ◽  
Sang Jun Park ◽  
Insup Noh ◽  
Chun-Ho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
No Production ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Tgf Β1

Abstract Background: The molecular weight of hyaluronic acid (HyA) depends on the type of organ in the body. When HyA of the desired molecular weight is implanted into the human body for regeneration of damaged tissue, it is degraded by hyaluronidase in associated with an inflammatory response. This study sought to evaluate the effects of HyA molecular weight and concentration on pro- and anti-inflammatory responses in murine macrophages. Methods: The structures and molecular weights of HyAs (LMW-10, MMW-100, MMW-500, and HMW-1,500) were confirmed by 1H NMR and gel permeation chromatography (GPC), respectively. After treatment of murine macrophages with a low (100 μg/mL) or high (100 μg/mL) concentration of each molecular weight HyA, cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and changes in immune response in both LPS-stimulated and untreated macrophages were evaluated by assessing nitric oxide (NO) production, and analyzing expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory genes including by RT-PCR.Results: Molecular weights of LMW-10, MMW-100, MMW-500, and HMW-1,500 were 13,241±161, 96,531±1,167, 512,657±8,545, and 1,249,500±37,477 Da, respectively. NO production by LPS-stimulated macrophages was decreased by increasing concentrations and molecular weights of HyA. At a high concentration of 100 μg/mL, HMW-1,500 reduced NO production in LPS-stimulated macrophages to about 45%. Using NanoString technology, we also found that the immune-related genes TNF‐α, IL-6, IL-1β, TGF-β1, IL-10, IL-11, CCL2, and Arg1 were specifically over-expressed in LPS-stimulated macrophages treated with various molecular weights of HyA. An RT-PCR analysis of gene expression showed that HMW-1,500 decreased expression of classically activated (M1) macrophage genes, such as TNF‐α, IL-6, CCL2, and IL-1β, in LPS-stimulated macrophages, whereas medium molecular-weight HyA (MMW-100 and MMW-500) instead increased expression levels of these genes. HMW-1,500 at a high concentration (100 μg/mL) significantly decreased expression of pro-inflammatory genes in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Expression of genes associated with anti-inflammatory responses (M2 phenotype), such as TGF-β1, IL-10, IL-11, and Arg1, were increased by high concentrations of MMW-500 and HMW-1,500 in LPS-stimulated macrophages.Conclusions: High molecular-weight HyA (i.e., > 1,250 kDa) inhibits pro-inflammatory responses in LPS-stimulated macrophages and induces anti-inflammatory responses in a concentration dependent manner.

Evaluation of Acid-Treated Hyaluronic Acid-Based Hydrogelation

2007 ◽  
Vol 342-343 ◽  
pp. 745-748
Author(s):  
Mi Sook Kim ◽  
Yoon Jeong Choi ◽  
Gun Woo Kim ◽  
In Sup Noh ◽  
Yong Doo Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Poly Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Poly Ethylene

Though hyaluronic acid (HA)-based hydrogel has drawn great attention in biomedical society, it’s long molecular weights sometimes have been problematic due to its difficulty in handling. After reduction of its high molecular weight into smaller sizes with various concentrations of hydrogen chloride solutions, its chemical and biological properties have been examined by changes in viscosity, FTIR spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography as well as cellular interactions. While FTIR analysis indicated maintenance of its original chemical structures, its viscosity has been remarkably reduced and its extent was dependent upon the employment of acid concentrations. After controlling its molecular weight to approximately 100 kDa and coupling of aminopropymethacrylate to the treated HA, we evaluated in vitro cellular interactions and cell proliferations of the HA-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) hydrogel.

Synergistic effect of PLA–PBAT–PLA tri-block copolymers with two molecular weights as compatibilizers on the mechanical and rheological properties of PLA/PBAT blends

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (90) ◽  
pp. 73842-73849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Sun ◽  
Bao Zhang ◽  
Xinchao Bian ◽  
Lidong Feng ◽  
Han Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Different Molecular Weight

Systematic study on the synergistic effects of different molecular-weight PLA–PBAT–PLA tri-block copolymers on the mechanical and rheological properties of PLA/PBAT blends.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document