scholarly journals Improving the Efficiency of Non-Stationary Climate Control in Buildings with a Non-Constant Stay of People by Using Porous Materials

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2307
Author(s):  
Alexander Shkarovskiy ◽  
Shirali Mamedov
Keyword(s):  
Structural Material ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Porous Materials ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Climate Control ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Foam Polystyrene ◽  
The Stability

This article presents the results of experimental research on the non-stationary management of the internal climate of buildings with a non-constant stay of people. During the absence of people, a significant drop in air temperature and corresponding energy conservation in heating is possible. The effectiveness of porous building materials is shown, provided that the appropriate characteristics are selected. Daily fluctuations in the outside temperature are completely extinguished by a layer of foam polystyrene insulation. The absence of channel porosity in the structural material of the wall is a guarantee of the stability of its thermal and humidity regime. This, in turn, prevents the development of mold and mildew.

Impact of Environmental Exposure on Historical Building Materials in the Archaeological Cellar of Our Lady’s Basilica in Tongeren (B)

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4-6) ◽  
pp. 121-139
Author(s):  
Dionys Van Gemert ◽  
Kris Brosens ◽  
Sven Ignoul ◽  
Caroline Vandegehuchte ◽  
Michel Janssen
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Climate Control ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Continuous Use ◽  
The Church

Abstract An archaeological cellar has been excavated under the Basilica of Our Lady in Tongeren, as part of an extensive restoration and revitalization campaign that started in 1999, Figure 1. The cellar will enable to descend to the early Roman history of the site under and surrounding the basilica. The excavation and construction of the archaeological cellar were finished in 2007. After that the air-conditioning system and the accessibility of the cellar were installed In successive phases. At present, the integration of the archaeological cellar under the basilica with the archaeological field around the basilica is under construction. Building in the large cellar under the complete church without endangering the stability of the building was a complex construction work, as explained further in the paper. The project was realized in successive phases, to enable continuous use of the church for services as well as its accessibility as pilgrimage site. After the construction of the cellar, the focus shifted to the conservation of the archaeological remains in view of the future (touristic) exploitation of the cellar. In view of that, climate control in the cellar is crucial. The foundation footings and walls have been covered underground during centuries, and are now suddenly exposed to an inside environment with higher temperatures and lower humidity. The climate control measures during the construction works are presented, as well as the performance of the final permanent climate control installation. The specific consolidation and conservation works on the foundation masonries are profoundly discussed.

Experimental Research of Building Materials Based on the Natural Cellulosic Fibers under Biogenic Acidic Exposition

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 250-254
Author(s):  
Adriana Eštoková ◽  
Alena Luptáková ◽  
Martina Kovalčíková ◽  
Nadezda Stevulova
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Cellulosic Fibers

Evaluation of the influence of ambient air temperature and air velocity on mortar cement durability using a forced convection solar dryer

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Younes Bahammou ◽  
Mounir Kouhila ◽  
Haytem Moussaoui ◽  
Hamza Lamsyehe ◽  
Zakaria Tagnamas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Forced Convection ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Physical Significance ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ambient Air Temperature

PurposeThis work aims to study the hydrothermal behavior of mortar cement toward certain environmental factors (ambient air temperature and air velocity) based on its drying kinetics data. The objective is to provide a better understanding and controlling the stability of mortar structures, which integrate the sorption phenomenon, drying process, air pressure and intrinsic characteristics. This leads to predict the comportment of mortar structures in relation with main environmental factors and minimize the risk of cracking mortar structures at an early age.Design/methodology/approachThermokinetic study was carried out in natural and forced convection solar drying at three temperatures 20, 30 and 40°C and three air velocities (1, 3 and 5 m.s-1). The empirical and semiempirical models tested successfully describe the drying kinetics of mortar. These models simulate the drying process of water absorbed by capillarity, which is the most common humidity transfer mechanism in building materials and contain parameters with physical significance, which integrate the effect of several environmental factors and intrinsic characteristics of mortar structures.FindingsThe models simulate the drying process of water absorbed by capillarity, which is the most common humidity transfer mechanism in building materials and contain parameters with physical significance, which integrate the effect of several environmental factors and intrinsic characteristics of mortar structures. The average activation energy obtained expressed the temperature effect on the mortar diffusivity. The drying constant and the diffusion coefficient can be used to predict the influence of these environmental factors on the drying behavior of various building materials and therefore on their durability.Originality/valueEvaluation of the effect of several environmental factors and intrinsic characteristics of mortar structures on their durability.

scholarly journals Calculation of indoor air temperature using dimensionless parameters for integrated climate control systems

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 486-492
Author(s):  
Oleg D. Samarin
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Infinite Series ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Heat Stability ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Maximum Deviation ◽  
Climate Control

Introduction. It is noted that the improvement of the technology for calculating the thermal regime of premises in the conditions of automation of climate systems is still relevant. The aim of the work is to find a universal dependence of the air temperature in the building premises on time in conditions of a jump in heat access or heat loss for the integral law of regulating the compensatory heat flow from microclimate systems. In the form of a scientific hypothesis, we consider the statement about the power nature of such a dependence with the presence of a maximum and an asymptotic tendency to zero. Materials and methods. The study involves the use of basic equations that relate the most significant components of heat flows in rooms serviced by microclimate systems equipped with integrated controllers under conditions of abrupt changes in thermal disturbances. The method of dimension analysis is used to identify dimensionless complexes that are essential for obtaining engineering dependencies, as well as software calculation of sums of infinite series with a given accuracy, numerical solution of nonlinear equations, and the method of power series economization. Results. An analytical expression is found for changes in room temperature under integrated control of climate equipment under conditions of a jump in heat availability, which has the form of an infinite series in degrees of a dimensionless parameter that characterizes the properties of the room and the automation system. A simplified expression for the deviation of air temperature is obtained and a formula for the required control time is derived, as well as its estimation is given on the example of one residential building in the climatic conditions of Moscow. Conclusions. It is shown that the dependence of the air temperature in a room serviced by microclimate systems with integrated controllers on time is represented in a universal dimensionless form, suitable for any objects regardless of their specific characteristics. The previously discovered relationships for the moment of maximum deviation and the value of the dynamic control error depending on the air exchange of the room, the transmission coefficient of the controller and the room’s own heat stability are confirmed and refined.

scholarly journals Modeling the composition of fine-grained modified concrete elaborated with vibropressing technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 298 ◽  
pp. 00133 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Pyataev ◽  
A. Y. Ushakov
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Optimal Composition ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Modifying Additive

The article analyzes the property requirements of small-piece products used in road construction, specially those related to water and frost resistance. It describes the main features of the vibration technologies involved in the manufacture of building materials, in particular, paving slabs. The article presents conclusive results, obtained through scientific research, which allow us to establish the influence of both, the costs of the main components and the parameters of vibration compression, on the properties of the final product. Combining the analysis of classical methods with the results of experimental research, a methodology has been developed for reaching an optimal composition of fine-grained vibropressed concrete modified with active additives. It is shown that the particular strength achieved from the combination of vibroformed fine-grained concrete, whose average density is 2270–2320 kg/m3, with polymer multifunctional modifiers, is mainly due to the use of Portland cement, a modifying additive, and the pressure conditions employed during the experiment..

scholarly journals Discussion on the Status and Supervision of Industrial Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction in Gansu Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 02022
Author(s):  
Rili Yang ◽  
Guangsheng Zhang ◽  
Wanying Jia
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Gansu Province ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Government Supervision ◽  
Industrial Energy ◽  
The Status

Through investigations on some key high energy-consuming enterprises (metallurgy, building materials, coal chemical industry) in Gansu Province, it was found that various industries had different understandings on the work, which mainly focused on some aspects on enterprise capacity development, the advanced technology, the relation between inputs and the output. In addition, especially government supervision had a great importance on the whole work, such as the complete laws and timely implementation of existing problems. In view of above all, this paper put forwards to strengthen energy conservation and emission reduction from the aspects of the supervision mechanism construction and the supervision system, which had a certain significance for the guidance of energy conservation and emission reduction.

Development of Concretes with Resistance to High Temperatures in the Czech Republic and Surrounding European Countries

2013 ◽  
Vol 651 ◽  
pp. 120-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenka Bodnárová ◽  
Jiri Zach ◽  
Jitka Hroudová ◽  
Jaroslav Válek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Stability

The resistance of concrete constructions to high temperatures at present is a much monitored issue for many scientific teams and experts in the stated area. This fact is mainly caused by fatal consequences originating in the case when concrete constructions are loaded by the effect of fire and consequent loss of their load-bearing capacity, for the population and the environment of our planet, in which we live in. The development of society goes hand in hand with the development of new building materials and as a consequence the requirements for building constructions increase which bring about extraordinary strict regulations in the area of fire safety. So, many high, non-traditional or specific constructions originate, e.g. nuclear power plants due to permanently higher demand for transport linkage and many tunnels have originated between European countries as a result. Unfortunately, in this relation the threat of terrorist attacks increases and unexpected natural disasters which also threaten the stability of the mentioned constructions. The objective of the article is to familiarize readers with the results of research concerning the improvement of the resistance of the concrete to high temperatures originated during fire instances.

Ultrasonic Air Temperature Sensing for Automatic Climate Control - Sensor Development

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taeyoung Han ◽  
David K. Lambert ◽  
Larry M. Oberdier ◽  
Dale L. Partin ◽  
Michel F. Sultan
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Sensing ◽  
Climate Control ◽  
Sensor Development

Experimental Research on the Stability of Spatial Lattice Shell

2012 ◽  
Vol 204-208 ◽  
pp. 3048-3051
Author(s):  
Gan Tang ◽  
Wei Wei Li ◽  
Lin Feng Yin ◽  
Xiao Ming Guo
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Data Acquisition System ◽  
Stability Behavior ◽  
Initial Imperfections ◽  
Spatial Lattice ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Lattice Shell

In the interest of an understanding to the imperfection stability behavior, a model of single layer spherical lattice shell was designed. The size and the pattern of initial imperfections were entirely measured. Automatic harmony loading control system and data acquisition system was used. The experiment plan, method and results have provided reference significance for the study on the stability of spatial lattice shell. The experimental results and the results of measured imperfections method were compared and analysed in detail. It is verified that measured imperfections method can accurately take into account of the effect of initial imperfections and it can be used for the supplementary checking computations of some important finished structures.

Timber - Traditional Material History or Vision in Architectural Design

2014 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 460-465
Author(s):  
Tibor Varga ◽  
Pavol Pauliny
Keyword(s):  
Structural Material ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Historical Architecture ◽  
Material History ◽  
Inherent Part

Wood belongs among one of the oldest building materials in Slovakia. Historically, it has been used mainly in traditional folk architecture, however in many forms; as a structural and expressive material, it is an inherent part of representative historical architecture. Considerable decline in the use of wood as structural material started in the 2nd half of the 20th century, when building construction industry turned to more progressive materials such as concrete, steel, aluminium, plastics and glass.

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