scholarly journals Valorization of Aluminum Dross with Copper via High Temperature Melting to Produce Al-Cu Alloys

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4117
Author(s):  
Artur Kudyba ◽  
Shahid Akhtar ◽  
Inge Johansen ◽  
Jafar Safarian
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Sessile Drop ◽  
Metallic Copper ◽  
Metallic Phase ◽  
Complete Separation ◽  
Smelting Process ◽  
Aluminum Dross ◽  
Cu Alloys ◽  
Temperature Interaction

The valorization of aluminum dross for Al recovery was performed via its mixing with metallic copper to produce Al-Cu alloys. This approach was with the intention of establishing a new smelting process to treat the dross with Cu scrap use. To evaluate the high temperature interaction of the materials, the wettability of a Cu-containing aluminum alloy with the non-metallic components of the dross was studied by the sessile drop method. It was found that the wetting was weak via temperature changes at 973–1373 K, and consequently no proper metal separation occurred. To better separate the metallic and non-metallic phases with larger density differences, a higher Cu portion was considered to obtain a significantly denser metallic phase, and it was found that partial separation of the Al in an Al-Cu alloy is possible. The complete separation of the metallic components of the dross was, however, experienced by the dross and copper melting with the addition of pre-melted calcium aluminate slags at elevated temperatures. It was found that Al-Cu alloys were produced and separated from the adjacent slags, and the aluminum oxide of the dross ended up in the slag phase. Moreover, the characteristics of the produced slags depend on the process charge.

WETTABILITY AND MICROSTRUCTURES OF Ni-Al/TiCx SYSTEM

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
DIAN HONG SHEN ◽  
HUA LU ◽  
XINGFANG WU ◽  
NATALIA FROUMIN ◽  
MICHA POLAK
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Sessile Drop ◽  
Growth Zone ◽  
Metallic Phase ◽  
Equilibrium Contact Angle ◽  
Ni Content ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Initial Stage

Wettability and microstructures of Ni-Al/TiC x composites have been studied by measuring the wettability contact angle using the "sessile drop" method, and by observation using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an analytical transmission electron microscope (ATEM), together with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS). The equilibrium contact angle of Ni-Al alloys on TiC x (X = 0.7-1) vs. Ni content showed that the wetting angle depends on the concentration of C in TiC x. The results agreed with the observation of morphology at the interfaces between the hard phase skeleton of TiC x (x = 0.7, 0.9) and metallic phases. The concentration distance plot for Ti , and Ni across the interface of Ni 3 Al/TiC 0.7 showed that an extensive area of intermetallic compounds can be observed at the Ni 3 Al/TiC 0.7 interface. The microstructure analysis suggested that Ti in TiC 0.7 is easier to dissolve into the molten alloy than that in TiC 0.9. Some periodic zigzag fringes were also observed in the interface between metallic phase and carbides in the sample of Ni 3 Al/TiC 0.7. The formation of this periodic zigzag fringe, which may be a growth zone of a new Ti-Ni-Al phase, would occur during the initial stage of solidification in the samples obtained by infiltration. This behavior in the interface of Ni-Al/TiC x composite would affect their strength, creep resistance at elevated temperatures and low-temperature toughness.

The Numerical Simulation for High Temperature Creep of the Porous Cu Alloy

2013 ◽  
Vol 573 ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
Jian Chen ◽  
Zi Han Huang ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Yan Jie Ren ◽  
Zhuo He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Creep Deformation ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Pore Shape ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Compression Properties ◽  
Compression Creep ◽  
Cu Alloys ◽  
Compression Deformation

In this research, the compression deformation were investigated under different elevated temperatures and strain rates, in order to obtain the creep constitutive equation. The effects of aperture load and pore shape on the compression properties of porous Cu alloys were studied by simulating the creep compression deformation at elevated temperature in ANSYS software. Pore size, pore shape and load are the main factors on the high temperature compression creep properties in porous Cu alloys. Samples with larger pore size, higher load and temperature showed inferior compression creep resistance such as bigger creep deformation, faster creep rates, and more unstable creep deformation. Stress concentrations generating around the edge in the wall of the pore were observed. Otherwise, the shape of pore has a severe influence on the structure properties of the material, i.e. every increase of pore edge corresponds to a decrease of stability in structure.

High-Temperature Instability of A Cr2Nb-Nb(Cr) Microlaminate Composite

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 374-375
Author(s):  
M. Larsen ◽  
R.G. Rowe ◽  
D.W. Skelly
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Microstructural Stability ◽  
Elevated Temperature Strength ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bcc Structure

Microlaminate composites consisting of alternating layers of a high temperature intermetallic compound for elevated temperature strength and a ductile refractory metal for toughening may have uses in aircraft engine turbines. Microstructural stability at elevated temperatures is a crucial requirement for these composites. A microlaminate composite consisting of alternating layers of Cr2Nb and Nb(Cr) was produced by vapor phase deposition. The stability of the layers at elevated temperatures was investigated by cross-sectional TEM.The as-deposited composite consists of layers of a Nb(Cr) solid solution with a composition in atomic percent of 91% Nb and 9% Cr. It has a bcc structure with highly elongated grains. Alternating with this Nb(Cr) layer is the Cr2Nb layer. However, this layer has deposited as a fine grain Cr(Nb) solid solution with a metastable bcc structure and a lattice parameter about half way between that of pure Nb and pure Cr. The atomic composition of this layer is 60% Cr and 40% Nb. The interface between the layers in the as-deposited condition appears very flat (figure 1). After a two hour, 1200 °C heat treatment, the metastable Cr(Nb) layer transforms to the Cr2Nb phase with the C15 cubic structure. Grain coarsening occurs in the Nb(Cr) layer and the interface between the layers roughen. The roughening of the interface is a prelude to an instability of the interface at higher heat treatment temperatures with perturbations of the Cr2Nb grains penetrating into the Nb(Cr) layer.

Phase transformation and layer evolution in molybdenum disilicide-silicon carbide nanolayered coatings

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 538-539
Author(s):  
H. Kung ◽  
T. R. Jervis ◽  
J.-P. Hirvonen ◽  
M. Nastasi ◽  
T. E. Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Oxidation Resistance ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Molybdenum Disilicide ◽  
High Temperature Strength ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Good Oxidation Resistance ◽  
Structural Applications

MoSi2 is a potential matrix material for high temperature structural composites due to its high melting temperature and good oxidation resistance at elevated temperatures. The two major drawbacksfor structural applications are inadequate high temperature strength and poor low temperature ductility. The search for appropriate composite additions has been the focus of extensive investigations in recent years. The addition of SiC in a nanolayered configuration was shown to exhibit superior oxidation resistance and significant hardness increase through annealing at 500°C. One potential application of MoSi2- SiC multilayers is for high temperature coatings, where structural stability ofthe layering is of major concern. In this study, we have systematically investigated both the evolution of phases and the stability of layers by varying the heat treating conditions.Alternating layers of MoSi2 and SiC were synthesized by DC-magnetron and rf-diode sputtering respectively. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM) was used to examine three distinct reactions in the specimens when exposed to different annealing conditions: crystallization and phase transformation of MoSi2, crystallization of SiC, and spheroidization of the layer structures.

WIELAND-K88

Alloy Digest ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Stress Relaxation ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Relaxation Resistance ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Very High

Abstract Wieland K-88 is a copper alloy with very high electrical and thermal conductivity, good strength, and excellent stress relaxation resistance at elevated temperatures. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: CU-738. Producer or source: Wieland Metals Inc.

DOWMETAL HZ32XA

Alloy Digest ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Creep Resistance ◽  
Zirconium Alloy ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
High Temperature Creep ◽  
Aged Condition ◽  
Chemical Company ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract DOWMETAL HZ32XA is a magnesium-thorium-zinc-zirconium alloy having good high temperature creep resistance, and is recommended for applications at elevated temperatures. It is used in the artificially aged condition (T5). This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on high temperature performance as well as heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Mg-26. Producer or source: The Dow Chemical Company.

UDIMET 105

Alloy Digest ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Nickel Base Alloy ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Nickel Base

Abstract UDIMET 105 is a nickel-base alloy which was developed for service at elevated temperatures. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Ni-175. Producer or source: Special Metals Corporation.

CARPENTER L-605 ALLOY

Alloy Digest ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Cobalt Base Alloy ◽  
Cobalt Base ◽  
Oxidation And Corrosion

Abstract CARPENTER L-605 alloy is a nonmagnetic cobalt-base alloy that has good oxidation and corrosion resistance and high strength at elevated temperatures. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep and fatigue. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Co-81. Producer or source: Carpenter.

FANSTEEL 85 METAL

Alloy Digest ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Creep Strength ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Good Combination ◽  
Bend Strength ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract FANSTEEL 85 METAL is a columbium-base alloy characterized by good fabricability at room temperature, good weldability and a good combination of creep strength and oxidation resistance at elevated temperatures. Its applications include missile and rocket components and many other high-temperature parts. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, microstructure, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and bend strength as well as creep. It also includes information on low and high temperature performance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Cb-7. Producer or source: Fansteel Metallurgical Corporation. Originally published December 1963, revised June 1981.

INCONEL ALLOY N06230

Alloy Digest ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Inconel Alloy ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Resistance To Oxidation

Abstract Inconel Alloy N06230 is a Ni-Cr-W alloy with excellent strength and resistance to oxidation at elevated temperatures. This alloy offers good metallurgical stability and is readily fabricated by conventional processes and procedures. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, microstructure, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Ni-667. Producer or source: Special Metals Corporation.

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