scholarly journals Technological Characterization of PET—Polyethylene Terephthalate—Added Soil-Cement Bricks

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 5035
Author(s):  
Tulane Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Daiane Cecchin ◽  
Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo ◽  
Izabella Valadão ◽  
Jonas Alexandre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Pet Waste ◽  
Soil Cement ◽  
Granulometric Analysis ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Waste Particles

The ever-growing consumption and improper disposal of non-biodegradable plastic wastes is bringing worrisome perspectives on the lack of suitable environmentally correct solutions. Consequently, an increasing interest in the circular economy and sustainable techniques is being raised regarding the management of these wastes. The present work proposes an eco-friendly solution for the huge amount of discarded polyethylene terephthalate (PET) wastes by addition into soil-cement bricks. Room temperature molded 300 × 150 × 70 mm bricks were fabricated with mixtures of clay soil and ordinary Portland cement added with up to 30 wt.% of PET waste particles. Granulometric analysis of soil indicated it as sandy and adequate for brick fabrication. As for the PET particles, they can be considered non-plastic and sandy. The Atterberg consistency limits indicated that addition of 20 wt.% PET waste gives the highest plasticity limit of 17.3%; moreover, with PET waste addition there was an increase in the optimum moisture content for the compaction and decrease in specific weight. Standard tests showed an increase in compressive strength from 0.83 MPa for the plain soil-cement to 1.80 MPa for the 20 wt.% PET-added bricks. As for water absorption, all bricks displayed values between 15% and 16% that attended the standards and might be considered an alternative for non-structural applications, such as wall closures in building construction.

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of waterborne alkyd-amino baking coatings based on waste polyethylene terephthalate

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 191447
Author(s):  
Xia Yun ◽  
Yang Xin-yi ◽  
Gong Dun-hong ◽  
Ding Yong-bo ◽  
Shen Liang
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Chemical Resistance ◽  
Alkali Resistance ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Melamine Formaldehyde ◽  
Pet Waste ◽  
Amino Resin ◽  
Excellent Adhesion ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The recycling of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is the most attractive method for PET waste management because it not only decreases the load on landfill space, but also provides opportunities for reducing the use of raw petrochemical products. Therefore, in this investigation, neopentyl glycol is used for alcoholysis of waste PET, and glycolyzed PET product was applied for preparation of the waterborne alkyd resin. Furthermore, the waterborne alkyd-amino baking coatings were prepared from the waterborne alkyd based on glycolyzed waste PET and melamine formaldehyde resin and applied on tinplate. The waterborne alkyd-amino resin films showed excellent adhesion, balanced hardness and flexibility, high gloss and outstanding chemical resistance except for alkali resistance owing to hydrolysis of ester bonds.

Acoustic characterization of silica nanoparticle-impregnated Kevlar fabric

2021 ◽  
pp. 004051752110238
Author(s):  
Oluwafemi P Akinmolayan ◽  
James M Manimala
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Loss ◽  
Silica Nanoparticle ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Thin Plates ◽  
Residual Porosity ◽  
Ballistic Performance ◽  
Number Of Layers ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Acoustic Characterization

Silica nanoparticle-impregnated Kevlar (SNK) fabric has better specific ballistic performance in comparison to its neat counterparts. For multifunctional structural applications using lightweight composites, combining this improved ballistic functionality with an acoustic functionality is desirable. In this study, acoustic characterization of neat and SNK samples is conducted using the normal-incidence impedance tube method. Both the absorption coefficient and transmission loss (TL) are measured in the 60–6000 Hz frequency range. The influence of parameters such as number of layers of neat or treated fabric, percentage by weight of nanoparticle addition, spacing between fabric layers, and residual porosity is examined. It is found that while absorption decreases with an increase in nanoparticle addition for frequencies above about 2500 Hz, increasing the number of layers shifts peak absorption to lower frequencies. By introducing an air-gap behind the fabric layer, dominant low-frequency (1000–3000 Hz) absorption peaks are obtained that correlate well with natural modes of mass-equivalent thin plates. Examining the influence of residual porosity by laminating the SNK samples reveals that it contributes to about 30–50% of the total absorption. Above about 1500 Hz, 3–5 dB of TL increase is obtained for SNK samples vis-à-vis the neat samples. TL is found to increase beyond that of the neat sample above a threshold frequency when an air-gap is introduced between two SNK layers. With an increase in the weight of nanoparticle addition, measured TL tends to be closer to mass law predictions. This study demonstrates that SNK fabric could provide improved acoustic performance in addition to its ballistic capabilities, making it suitable for multifunctional applications and could form the basis for the development of simplified models to predict the structural acoustic response of such nanoparticle–fabric composites.

Microstructure of Recycled Gypsum Plaster by SEM

2014 ◽  
Vol 912-914 ◽  
pp. 243-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gladis Camarini ◽  
Sayonara M.M. Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Microstructural Characteristics ◽  
Construction Waste ◽  
Gypsum Plaster ◽  
Recycled Gypsum

Gypsum waste from building constructions is a material which can contaminate the soil and groundwater if is disposed directly in the soil or landfill without any control. In Brazil, these wastes are considered a recycle and/or recovery material, but the research of gypsum plaster recycling are very few at this moment. In this way, this work presents the microstructural characterization of two types of recycled plaster. The recycled plaster was produced by a grinding and calcination the building construction waste. Microstructural characteristics were evaluated by SEM observations. The results show similarities between crystals of recycled and commercial plasters.

Structural and functional characterization of polyethylene terephthalate hydrolase from Ideonella sakaiensis

2019 ◽  
Vol 508 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Congcong Liu ◽  
Chao Shi ◽  
Sujie Zhu ◽  
Risheng Wei ◽  
Chang-Cheng Yin
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Functional Characterization

Obtention of an Al-Based Composite Material by Direct Fusion of Used Beverage Cans

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Carrasco ◽  
C. Montalba ◽  
Carlos Camurri
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Aluminium Alloys ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Metal Matrix Composite Material ◽  
Direct Fusion ◽  
Scanning Electron

In the present study, the fabrication of an Al-based metal matrix composite material obtained directly from the melting of the aluminium used beverage cans in a modified rheocasting process is presented. The analysed operational condition is the shear rate applied to the bath and its influence on the properties of the obtained samples. Additionally, samples were heat treated at two different times. The characterization of the phases obtained in Al-based MMC was made by means of metallography, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy and electron microprobe with wavelength dispersion spectroscopy. The results show that some constituents were formed during the fabrication process of the MMC, mainly Al6(Fe, Mn), which are partially transformed during the heat treatment. Additionally, samples were evaluated using dynamic mechanical analysis, and the results suggest that the obtained MMC could have very good mechanical properties, similar or superior to the aluminium alloys commonly used for structural applications such as 6XXX family.

scholarly journals Characterization of Glasses in One Type of Alumina Rich Fly Ash by Chemical Digestion Methods: Implications for Alumina Extraction

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Lijun Zhao ◽  
Hanshuang Xiao ◽  
Baodong Wang ◽  
Qi Sun
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Acid And Base ◽  
Rich Information ◽  
Digestion Methods

In recent years, one type of alumina rich fly ash (ARFA) with about 50 wt% of alumina has been extensively investigated for alumina extraction in China. Due to the silica in ARFA, alumina extraction would have to generate a huge amount of solid waste. There is a growing interest in the glasses in ARFA, because they are composed mainly of silica and could be removed prior to alumina extraction. In this work, the glasses in ARFA have been investigated by chemical methods, that is, acid and base digestions. The chemical compositions have been measured by XRF for ARFA from the digestion processes. The K2O standard, XRD, and FTIR spectroscopies were successfully used to define the digestions processes, and size analysis and SEM-EDX provided rich information on particle transformations. As a result, acid and base digestion methods were found to produce very similar results for the glasses in ARFA. The K2O standard was attributed to the formation of glasses by illites, and TiO2and Fe2O3were proposed to originate from ilmenite in alumina rich coals (ARC). Some implications of the results were also discussed for the alumina extraction from ARFA.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Mechanical Characterization of Stir Cast AA6063-Borosilicate-Fly Ash Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.6) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Jims John Wessley ◽  
A Gaith Franklin ◽  
S J. Vijay
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Metal Matrix Composite ◽  
Matrix Composite ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Structural Applications

This paper presents the development and characterization of aluminium alloy 6063 based metal matrix composite with varying combinations of fly ash and Borosilicate reinforcements.  In the present work, the aluminium alloy 6063 (AA) is taken at a constant 84 vol% while the reinforcements Fly Ash (FA) and Borosilicate (B) are varied in the proportions of 2%, 4% 8%, 125 and 14%. Six samples were fabricated by stir casting and the mechanical properties were analyzed using tensile test, hardness test and wear test while the microstructure is analyzed by obtaining SEM and EDX images of the specimen. It is seen that both the reinforcements used in this study, increased the tensile and wear resistance of the alloy. The desirable mechanical and micro structural properties were found to be in the specimen with 84% AA, 14% FA and 2% B. The tensile strength of the aluminum alloy at this desirable combination is found to increase by 11.97%, ductility by 36.75% and the wear resistance by 62%.  This metal matrix composite of AA6063 with fly ash and Borosilicate reinforcements can be used in automobile, aerospace and structural applications where wear resistance and tensile properties are mainly required.

Performance of Precursor Materials and Fired Ceramics for Structural Blocks

2015 ◽  
Vol 820 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Neila Gondim Azeredo ◽  
Euzébio Barnabé Zanelato ◽  
Jonas Alexandre ◽  
Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo ◽  
Gustavo de Castro Xavier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Construction ◽  
Structural Ceramic ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mineralogical Characterization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Ceramic Blocks ◽  
Clay Body ◽  
Structural Blocks

The physical, chemical and mineralogical characterization of a precursor clay body before firing is of relevance for understanding the technological performance of the fired clay ceramic. In particular, structural clay ceramic blocks used in building construction need to attend standard properties specified by the norms. In the present work the precursor clay body, typically used to fabricate structural blocks in Campos dos Goytacazes, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, was characterized in terms of particle size distribution, X-ray diffraction, chemical composition and Atterberg limits. In addition, the performance of structural ceramic blocks, fabricated from the extruded clay body and fired at 850oC, was evaluated. The results indicated that the ceramic mechanical strength complies with the Brazilian norm but the water absorption is higher than the maximum specified by the norm. The characteristic of the clay body contribute to justify the structural blocks performance.

Damping and Bandgap Characteristics of a Viscoelastic Tensegrity Damper

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-47
Author(s):  
Mohamed Raafat ◽  
Amr Baz
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Material Characterization ◽  
Structural Vibrations ◽  
New Class ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Specific Frequency ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Theory And Experiments

Abstract A theoretical and experimental investigation of a new class of a tensegrity-based structural damper is presented. The damper is not only capable of attenuating undesirable structural vibrations, as all conventional dampers, but also capable of completely blocking the transmission of vibration over specific frequency bands by virtue of its periodicity. Such dual functionality distinguishes the tensegrity damper over its counterparts of existing structural dampers. Particular emphasis is placed here in presenting the concept and developing the mathematical model of the dynamics of a unit cell the damper. The model is then coupled with a Floquet-Bloch analysis in order to identify the bandgap characteristics of the damper. The predictions of the mathematical model are validated experimentally using a prototype of the damper which is built using 3D printing. A comprehensive material characterization of the damper is performed followed by a detailed extraction of the static and dynamic behavior of the damper in order to validate the theoretical predictions. Close agreement is observed between theory and experiments. The developed theoretical and experimental techniques provide invaluable means for the design of this new class of dampers particularly for critical structural applications.

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