scholarly journals Sunflower Stalks versus Corn Cobs as Raw Materials for Sustainable Concrete

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 5078
Author(s):  
Cătălina Mihaela Grădinaru ◽  
Adrian Alexandru Șerbănoiu ◽  
Bogdan Vasile Șerbănoiu
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Splitting Tensile Strength ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Corn Cobs ◽  
Sunflower Stalks ◽  
Mineral Aggregates

Concrete, the most common material in the building industry, involves the use of mineral aggregates that represent an exhaustible resource, despite their large availability. For a series of applications, these mineral aggregates can be replaced by vegetal ones, which represent an easy renewable natural resource. In this study, two types of vegetal raw materials, namely sunflower stalks and corn cobs, were used in developing 10 compositions of ecological microconcrete, with different percentages involved: 20%, 35%, 50%, 65% and 80%; they were analyzed from the perspectives of density, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, resistance to repeated freeze-thaw cycles, modulus of elasticity and thermal conductivity. The results revealed that the microconcretes with sunflower stalks registered slightly higher densities and better results regarding the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and freeze-thaw resistance than those with corn cobs. Lightweight concrete is obtained when more than 50% replacement rates of the mineral aggregates are used.

scholarly journals The Synergy between Bio-Aggregates and Industrial Waste in a Sustainable Cement Based Composite

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6158
Author(s):  
Cătălina Mihaela Grădinaru ◽  
Adrian Alexandru Șerbănoiu ◽  
Radu Muntean ◽  
Bogdan Vasile Șerbănoiu
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Splitting Tensile Strength ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Cement Matrix ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Corn Cobs ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Sunflower Stalks

The effects of the fly ash and of the sunflower stalks and corn cobs within a cement-matrix composite were studied under the aspects of density, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, elasticity modulus, and resistance to repeated freeze-thaw cycles. In the research were developed 20 recipes of cement-based composite, including the reference composite. Fly ash was used as partial cement replacement (10, 20 and 30% by volume), and the vegetal aggregates made by corn cobs and sunflower stalks as partial replacement of the mineral aggregates (25 and 50% by volume). The study results revealed that a lightweight composite can be obtained with 50% of vegetal aggregates, and the fly ash, no matter its percentage, enhanced the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of the compositions with 50% of sunflower aggregates and the freeze-thaw resistance of all compositions with sunflower stalks.

scholarly journals Effects of Hybrid Polypropylene-Steel Fiber Addition on Some Hardened Properties of Lightweight Concrete with Pumice Breccia Aggregate

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slamet Widodo ◽  
Iman Satyarno ◽  
Sri Tudjono
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Steel Fiber ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Splitting Tensile Strength ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Hybrid Fiber ◽  
Hardened Properties ◽  
Fiber Addition

Lightweight concrete application in construction field is growing rapidly in these recent years due to its advantages over ordinary concrete. In this paper, pumice breccia which can be found abundantly in Indonesia is proposed to be utilized as the coarse aggregate. In spite of its benefits, lightweight concrete exhibits more brittle characteristics and lower tensile strength compared with normal concrete. On the other hand, fiber addition into concrete has become widely used to improve its tensile properties. Furthermore, the utilization of hybrid fiber in a suitable combination may potentially improve the mechanical properties of concrete. This paper experimentally examines the effects of hybrid polypropylene-steel fiber addition on some hardened properties of pumice breccia aggregate lightweight concrete. Five groups of test specimens with fixed volume fraction of polypropylene fiber combined with different amounts of steel fiber were added in concrete to investigate the density, compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, splitting tensile strength, and the modulus of rupture of the concrete mixtures. Test results indicate that hybrid fiber addition leads to significant improvement to the compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, splitting tensile strength, and the modulus of rupture of the pumice breccia lightweight aggregate concrete and meet the specification for structural purposes.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE OF HIGH STRENGTH LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE USING PALM WASTES

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-42
Author(s):  
Md. Nazmul Huda ◽  
Mohd Zamin Jumaat ◽  
A. B. M. Saiful Islam ◽  
Walid A. Al-Kutti
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Splitting Tensile Strength ◽  
Palm Shell

The performance of high strength structural lightweight concrete (LWC) using the palm wastes, oil palm shell (OPS) as well as palm oil clinker (POC) has been reported. Existing literatures used either OPS or POC individually for production of LWC. Each concept has their own advantages-disadvantages. In this study, both OPS and POC have been put together as coarse aggregate on the way to see the improvement of mechanical properties of waste based LWC. To achieve this purpose, regular coarse aggregate has been fully replaced by OPS and POC in the concrete. This structural grade lightweight concrete is named as palm shell and clinker concrete (PSCC). Attempts have been made with the series of OPS and POC mixture aimed at identifying for better performance. The quantity of OPS and POC mix has been varied as 30%, 40%, 50%, 60% and 70%. Mechanical properties of PSCC like density, workability, compressive strength at different ages, flexural strength, splitting tensile strength as well as modulus of elasticity have been evaluated. It is revealed that the proposed PSCC has extensive potential in terms of high compressive strength and good material behavior to perform as a better LWC. The study could offer structural lightweight concrete of compressive strength up to 46 MPa that is 31% higher than the control mix. The usage of 50% OPS to 50% POC coarse aggregate by vol. in the concrete mix is found to be the optimum mix. Furthermore, simple correlations have been developed which can easily predict compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity and ultrasonic pulse velocity of lightweight concrete.

Development of High Performance Concrete Containing Admixture in Nuclear Power Plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 1062-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong Eun Kim ◽  
Wan Shin Park ◽  
Song Hui Yun ◽  
Do Gyeum Kim ◽  
Jea Myoung Noh
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Splitting Tensile Strength ◽  
Furnace Slag

This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and modulus of elasticity characteristics of high performance concrete. These tests were carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties of HPC for up to 7 and 28 days. Mixtures were prepared with water to binder ratio of 0.40. Two mixtures were containing fly ash at 25%, silica fume at 5% cement replacement, respectively. Another mixture was contains blast furnace slag and fly ash at 25%. Three standard 100¥a200 cylinder specimens were prepared. HPC showed improvement in the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength when ordinary Portland cement was replaced with silica fume. Compare with specimens FA25 and BS25FA25, specimen SF5 showed much more modulus of elasticity. It shows that the use of the blast furnace slag of 25% and fly ash of 25% cement replacement has caused a small increase in compressive strength and splitting tensile strength and modulus of elasticity compared to the only use of fly ash of 25% at 28days. The results indicated that the use of blast furnace slag or silica fume provided the good performance compare to fly ash when the mechanical properties of the high performance concretes were taken into account.

Fracture Mechanical Properties of Rocks and Mortar/Rock Interfaces

1994 ◽  
Vol 370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manouchehr Hassanzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fracture Energy ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Splitting Tensile Strength ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Interfacial Zone ◽  
Test Results

AbstractThis study has determined the fracture mechanical properties of 9 types of rock, namely fine-, medium- and coarse-grained granites, gneiss, quartzite, diabase, gabbro, and fine- and coarse-grained limestones. Test results show among other things that quartzite has the highest compressive strength and fracture energy, while diabase has the highest splitting tensile strength and modulus of elasticity. Furthermore, the strength and fracture energy of the interfacial zone between the rocks and 6 different mortars have been determined. The results showed that, in this investigation, the mortar/rock interfaces are in most cases weaker than both mortars and rocks.

scholarly journals Research on the Effect of Cooper Slag as a Fine Aggregate on the Properties of Concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S3) ◽  
pp. 619-623
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Copper Slag ◽  
Splitting Tensile Strength ◽  
Copper Recovery ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Copper Smelting ◽  
Fine Aggregate

Copper slag is a rough blasting grit or a by-product acquired by the process of copper smelting and refining. These copper slags are recycled for copper recovery. In this paper, we analysed copper slag’s feasibility and evaluate its total competence in M25 grade concrete. In this observation, a concrete mixture is applied with copper slag as a fine aggregate ranging from 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% respectively. The strength of copper slag’s implementation is accomplished on the basis of concrete’s flexural strength, compressive strength and splitting tensile strength. From the obtained results, in concrete 40% percentage of copper slag is used as sand replacement. On 28 days, the modulus of elasticity increased up to 32%, the compressive strength increased up to 34% and flexural strength is increased to 6.2%. From this experiment, it is proved technically that replacing sand using copper slag as a fine mixture in M25 grade concrete.

An Experimental Study on Evaluation of Mechanical Properties in High Performance Concrete Using Admixture

2013 ◽  
Vol 372 ◽  
pp. 231-234
Author(s):  
Jeong Eun Kim ◽  
Wan Shin Park ◽  
Nam Yong Eom ◽  
Sun Woong Kim ◽  
Do Gyeum Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Splitting Tensile Strength ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Binder Ratio

In this study, some experimental investigations on the development of mechanical properties with age of high performance concrete (HPC) incorporated with blast furnace slag with fly ash or silica fume have been reported. Four different blended HPC were prepared in 0.40 water-binder ratio. At every four mixtures, the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and modulus of elasticity at 7 and 28 days have been observed for HPC developments. Consequently, only replacement of silica fume significantly increases the mechanical properties in terms of compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and modulus of elasticity.

scholarly journals Temperature Effect on Mechanical Properties and Damage Identification of Concrete Structure

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yubo Jiao ◽  
Hanbing Liu ◽  
Xianqiang Wang ◽  
Yuwei Zhang ◽  
Guobao Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Temperature Effect ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Damage Identification ◽  
Coupling Effect ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Splitting Tensile Strength ◽  
Effect Of Temperature

Static and dynamic mechanical properties of concrete are affected by temperature effect in practice. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the corresponding influence law and mechanism. This paper demonstrates the variation of mechanical properties of concrete at temperatures from −20°C to 60°C. Temperature effects on cube compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, prism compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, and frequency are conducted and discussed. The results indicate that static mechanical properties such as compressive strength (cube and prism), splitting tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity have highly linear negative correlation with temperature; this law is also applied to the first order frequency of concrete slab. The coupling effect of temperature and damage on change rate of frequency reveals that temperature effect cannot be ignored in damage identification of structure. Mechanism analysis shows that variation of elastic modulus of concrete caused by temperature is the primary reason for the change of frequency.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Concrete Material Properties at Early Age

CivilEng ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-350
Author(s):  
Osamah Obayes ◽  
Emad Gad ◽  
Tilak Pokharel ◽  
Jessey Lee ◽  
Kamiran Abdouka
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fracture Energy ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Inverse Analysis ◽  
Splitting Tensile Strength ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Concrete Compressive Strength ◽  
The Relationship

This article investigates the development of the following material properties of concrete with time: compressive strength, tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and fracture energy. These properties were determined at seven different hydration ages (18 h, 30 h, 48 h, 72 h, 7 days, 14 days, 28 days) for four pure cement concrete mixes totaling 336 specimens tested throughout the study. Experimental data obtained were used to assess the relationship of the above properties with the concrete compressive strength and how these relationships are affected with age. Further, this study investigates prediction models available in literature and recommendations are made for models that are found suitable for application to early age concrete. Results obtained indicate that the relationship between the splitting tensile strength and concrete compressive strength can be approximated with a power function between 0.7 and 0.8, and this correlation is not affected by age. Fracture energy of the concrete and modulus of elasticity values obtained in this study correlate well with the square root of the compressive strength and it was found that this relationship holds true for all hydration ages investigated in this paper. Inverse analysis on the wedge-splitting test was conducted to determine the direct tensile strength. Values of tensile strength obtained from the inverse analysis have been validated numerically by carrying out finite element analysis on the wedge split, and anchor pull-out tests. The ratio of the tensile strength obtained from the inverse analysis to the splitting tensile strength was found to be in the range of 0.5–0.9 and 0.7 on average.

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