scholarly journals Recent Advancements in the Nanomaterial Application in Concrete and Its Ecological Impact

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6387
Author(s):  
Haleema Saleem ◽  
Syed Javaid Zaidi ◽  
Nasser Abdullah Alnuaimi
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Nano Tio2 ◽  
Construction Waste ◽  
Nanosized Materials ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Study Development

At present, nanotechnology is a significant research area in different countries, owing to its immense ability along with its economic impact. Nanotechnology is the scientific study, development, manufacturing, and processing of structures and materials on a nanoscale level. It has tremendous application in different industries such as construction. This study discusses the various progressive uses of nanomaterials in concrete, as well as their related health risks and environmental impacts. Nanomaterials such as nanosilica, nano-TiO2, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), ferric oxides, polycarboxylates, and nanocellulose have the capability to increase the durability of buildings by improving their mechanical and thermal properties. This could cause an indirect reduction in energy usage and total expenses in the concrete industry. However, due to the uncertainties and irregularities in size, shape, and chemical compositions, some nanosized materials might have harmful effects on the environment and human health. Acknowledgement of the possible beneficial impacts and inadvertent dangers of these nanosized materials to the environment will be extremely important when pursuing progress in the upcoming years. This research paper is expected to bring proper attention to the probable effects of construction waste, together with the importance of proper regulations, on the final disposal of the construction waste.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization and Development of Energy Harvesting Techniques Incorporated with Antennas: A Review Study

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Husam Hamid Ibrahim ◽  
Mandeep S. J. Singh ◽  
Samir Salem Al-Bawri ◽  
Mohammad Tariqul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Input Power ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Rf Energy ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
The Military

The investigation into new sources of energy with the highest efficiency which are derived from existing energy sources is a significant research area and is attracting a great deal of interest. Radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting is a promising alternative for obtaining energy for wireless devices directly from RF energy sources in the environment. An overview of the energy harvesting concept will be discussed in detail in this paper. Energy harvesting is a very promising method for the development of self-powered electronics. Many applications, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), smart environments, the military or agricultural monitoring depend on the use of sensor networks which require a large variety of small and scattered devices. The low-power operation of such distributed devices requires wireless energy to be obtained from their surroundings in order to achieve safe, self-sufficient and maintenance-free systems. The energy harvesting circuit is known to be an interface between piezoelectric and electro-strictive loads. A modern view of circuitry for energy harvesting is based on power conditioning principles that also involve AC-to-DC conversion and voltage regulation. Throughout the field of energy conversion, energy harvesting circuits often impose electric boundaries for devices, which are important for maximizing the energy that is harvested. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) is described as the ratio between the rectifier’s output DC power and the antenna-based RF-input power (before its passage through the corresponding network).

scholarly journals The comparative study of text documents clustering algorithms

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (SE) ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
Mohammad Eiman Jamnezhad ◽  
Reza Fattahi
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Clustering Algorithms ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Text Documents ◽  
Web Documents ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
F Measure

Clustering is one of the most significant research area in the field of data mining and considered as an important tool in the fast developing information explosion era.Clustering systems are used more and more often in text mining, especially in analyzing texts and to extracting knowledge they contain. Data are grouped into clusters in such a way that the data of the same group are similar and those in other groups are dissimilar. It aims to minimizing intra-class similarity and maximizing inter-class dissimilarity. Clustering is useful to obtain interesting patterns and structures from a large set of data. It can be applied in many areas, namely, DNA analysis, marketing studies, web documents, and classification. This paper aims to study and compare three text documents clustering, namely, k-means, k-medoids, and SOM through F-measure.

scholarly journals Optimal Deep Learning based Data Classification Model for Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Diagnosis and Prediction System

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1596-1604
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Data Classification ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Prediction System ◽  
Pima Indians ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Diagnosis ◽  
Simulation Results

In recent days, deep learning models become a significant research area because of its applicability in diverse domains. In this paper, we employ an optimal deep neural network (DNN) based model for classifying diabetes disease. The DNN is employed for diagnosing the patient diseases effectively with better performance. To further improve the classifier efficiency, multilayer perceptron (MLP) is employed to remove the misclassified instance in the dataset. Then, the processed data is again provided as input to the DNN based classification model. The use of MLP significantly helps to remove the misclassified instances. The presented optimal data classification model is experimented on the PIMA Indians Diabetes dataset which holds the medical details of 768 patients under the presence of 8 attributes for every record. The obtained simulation results verified the superior nature of the presented model over the compared methods.

Current progress in biosensors for organophosphorus pesticides based on enzyme functionalized nanostructures: a review

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (46) ◽  
pp. 5468-5479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Xiong ◽  
Yaocheng Deng ◽  
Yaoyu Zhou ◽  
Daoxin Gong ◽  
Yuzhe Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organophosphorus Pesticides ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Significant Research

Organophosphorus pesticides analysis has become an increasingly significant research area due to their widespread application and contamination of the environment.

scholarly journals A Kinetic Study on the Efficient Formation of High-Valent Mn(TPPS)-oxo Complexes by Various Oxidants

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 610
Author(s):  
Magdalena Procner ◽  
Łukasz Orzel ◽  
Grażyna Stochel ◽  
Rudi van Eldik
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal Complexes ◽  
Peracetic Acid ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Sodium Perborate ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Oxo Complexes ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
High Valent ◽  
Harmful Effects

New, more efficient methods of wastewater treatment, which will limit the harmful effects of textile dyes on the natural environment, are still being sought. Significant research work suggests that catalysts based on transition metal complexes can be used in efficient and environmentally friendly processes. In this context, a number of compounds containing manganese have been investigated. A suitable catalyst should have the capacity to activate a selected oxidant or group of oxidants, in order to be used in industrial oxidation reactions. In the present study we investigated the ability of MnIII(TPPS), where TPPS = 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulphonatophenyl)-21H,23H-porphyrine, to activate five different oxidants, namely hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, sodium hypochlorite, potassium peroxomonosulfate and sodium perborate, via the formation of high valent Mn(TPPS)-oxo complexes. Kinetic and spectroscopic data showed that the oxidation process is highly pH dependent and is strongly accelerated by the presence of carbonate in the reaction mixture for three of the five oxidizing agents. The highest efficiency for the oxidation of MnIII(TPPS) to high-valent Mn(TPPS)-oxo complexes, was found for peracetic acid at pH ≈ 11 in 0.5 M carbonate solution, which is at least an order of magnitude higher than the rate constants found for the other tested oxidants under similar conditions.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Maximal Risk Evaluation Formulas for Spectrum-Based Fault Localization

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Wu ◽  
Yunwei Dong ◽  
Man Fai Lau ◽  
Sebastian Ng ◽  
Tsong Yueh Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Evaluation ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Ordered Set ◽  
Fault Localization ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Effectiveness Analysis ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Program Spectrum ◽  
Better Than

The effectiveness analysis of risk evaluation formulas has become a significant research area in spectrum-based fault localization (SBFL). The risk evaluation formula is designed and widely used to evaluate the likelihood of a program spectrum to be faulty. There are numerous empirical and theoretical studies to investigate and compare the performance between sixty risk evaluation formulas. According to previous research, these sixty risk evaluation formulas together form a partially ordered set. Among them, nine formulas are maximal. These nine formulas can further be grouped into five maximal risk evaluation formula groups so that formulas in the same group have the same performance. Moreover, previous research showed that we cannot theoretically compare formulas across these five maximal formula groups. However, experimental data “suggests” that a maximal formula in one group could outperform another one (from a different group) more frequently, though not always. This inspired us to further investigate the performance between any two maximal formulas in different maximal formula groups. Our approach involves two major steps. First, we propose a new condition to compare between two different maximal formulas. Based on this new condition, we present five different scenarios under which a formula performs better than another. This is different from the condition suggested by the previous theoretical study. We performed an empirical study to compare different maximal formulas using our condition. Our results showed that among two maximal risk evaluation formulas, it is feasible to identify one that can outperform the others more frequently.

Two Modes of Action of Antioxidants in Rubber

1945 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Le Bras
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Study ◽  
Base Composition ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Rubber Mixture ◽  
Modes Of Action ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Harmful Effects

Abstract It is a commonly accepted belief that antioxidants protect oxidizable products from the harmful effects of oxygen by retarding the rate at which these oxidizable products combine with oxygen. Consequently, if the oxidizability of a rubber mixture containing no antioxidant and the oxidizability of the same mixture to which such an agent has been added are measured under the same conditions, the absorption of oxygen would be expected to be distinctly less rapid in the second case. This has, in fact, been proved to be true in general, not only for rubber, but also for other substances which are protected by antioxidants. In a systematic study of a series of antioxidants of differing chemical compositions, various observations were made which gave indications that these products react in two different ways. In these experiments a rubber mixture of chosen composition was prepared as a blank or control, and was compared with other mixtures of the same base composition to which various antioxidants selected for study had been added in the same proportion in all cases.

scholarly journals Erratum to: Influence of nanoclays and nano-TiO2 on the mechanical and thermal properties of polycarbonate nanocomposite

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1006-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vani. S. Jaya ◽  
Smita Mohanty ◽  
M. Rahail Parvaiz ◽  
Sanjay K. Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Nano Tio2

High Pressure and Chemical Bonding in Materials Chemistry

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 799-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gérard Demazeau
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Chemical Bond ◽  
Chemical Bonding ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
General Rule ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Materials Chemistry ◽  
Novel Materials

Materials chemistry under high pressures is an important research area opening new routes for stabilizing novel materials or original structures with different compositions (oxides, oxoborates, nitrides, nitridophosphates, sulfides,. . .).Due to the varieties of chemical compositions and structures involved, high pressure technology is also an important tool for improving the investigations on chemical bonding and consequently the induced physico-chemical properties.Two different approaches can be described: (i) the chemical bond is pre-existing and in such a case, high pressures lead to structural transformations, (ii) the chemical bond does not exist and high pressures are able to help the synthesis of novel materials. In both cases the condensation effect (ΔV < 0 between precursors and the final product) is the general rule. In addition, through the improvement of the reactivity, high pressures can lead to materials that are not reachable through other chemical routes.

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