scholarly journals Design of a Non-Contact Radial Torque Sensor with Variable Torque Range by Electromagnetic Coil Coupling with Piezoelectric Sensor

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 7695
Author(s):  
Sheng-He Wang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Piezoelectric Sensor ◽  
Torque Sensor ◽  
Detection Range ◽  
External Torque ◽  
Electromagnetic Coil ◽  
Beam Mechanism ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Monitoring Technologies ◽  
Automation Technology

Recently, due to the development of automation technology, torque measuring and monitoring technologies have been brought to the focus. However, the commercially available sensors have the disadvantage of large volume, which results in the difficulty of installation on existing automated machines. Responding to the above-mentioned problem, a contactless torque sensor that uses an electromagnetic coil combined with a permanent magnet was proposed. By adjusting the input electric current in the coil, the strength of the magnetic field can be controlled to generate a non-contact magnetic force to resist external torque loading. For the measurement of such a magnetic force, a cantilever-beam mechanism comprising a piezoelectric-loading (PZT-L) sensor is employed to estimate the external static force by measuring the variation of the electric impedance. According to the measured results, the proposed PZT-L sensor demonstrates the accuracy of the proposed design, for which the maximum estimated error was around 6%. Finally, the proposed contactless torque sensor with 11 cm in diameter and 2 cm in thickness was employed to verify the effectiveness of theoretical analysis. From the sensor characteristic measurement, the detection range for external torque can be from 7.8 to 125.6 N-mm when the driven current input ranged from 2 to 10 A. Therefore, the experimental results presented that the moment of inertia via the resisted torque can be adjusted by the proposed non-contact torque-sensing system according to the measuring condition.

Spin-torque sensor with tunable sensitivity and detection range

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (44) ◽  
pp. 445004
Author(s):  
Sang-Il Kim ◽  
Min-Su Seo ◽  
Yeon Suk Choi ◽  
Seung-Young Park
Keyword(s):  
Spin Torque ◽  
Torque Sensor ◽  
Detection Range

scholarly journals Proposal and Performance Evaluation of a Magneto-Striction Type Torque Sensor Consisting of Small-Sized Coils Connected in Series

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiko Tsujisawa ◽  
Kazuhiro Yamakawa
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Torque Sensor ◽  
Detection Range ◽  
Performance Targets ◽  
Sensor Drift ◽  
In Series ◽  
Target Performance ◽  
And Performance

We propose a sensor consisting of small-sized coils connected in series and a detection method for the sensor based on the iteration of the periodic time difference. The evaluation results are also presented and show the effectiveness of the proposed system. The target performance of the sensor is as follows: (i) a detection range from 0 to ±100 Nm, (ii) a hysteresis error of less than 1%, (iii) an angular-dependent noise of less than 2%, and (iv) a sensor drift of less than 2%. From the evaluation results, it is clear that these performance targets, as well as a sufficient response time, are realized.

scholarly journals XVII. Contributions to terrestrial magnetism. — No. VII

1846 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 237-336 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Magnetic Force ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
General View ◽  
Magnetic Survey ◽  
Terrestrial Magnetism ◽  
North American Continent ◽  
The North ◽  
Common Unit ◽  
The Moment

Containing a Magnetic Survey of a considerable portion of the North American Continent. From the moment that the fact was known, that the locality of the maximum of the magnetic Force in a hemisphere is not coincident, as was previously supposed, with the locality where the dip of the needle is 90°, researches in terrestrial magnetism assumed an interest and importance greatly exceeding that which they before pos­sessed; for it was obvious that the hypothesis which then generally prevailed regard­ing the distribution of the magnetic Force at the surface of the globe, and which had been based on a too-limited induction, was erroneous, and that even the broad out­ line of the general view of terrestrial magnetism had to be recast. The observations on which this discovery rested, (being those which I had had an opportunity of making in 1818, 1819 and 1820 within the Arctic Circle, and at New York in 1822,) were published in 1825*; they constituted, I may be permitted to say, an important feature in the views, which led the British Association in the year 1835 to request that a report should be prepared, in which the state of our knowledge in respect to the variations of the magnetic Force at different parts of the earth’s sur­face should be reviewed, and, as is customary in the reports presented to that very useful institution, that those measures should be pointed out which appeared most desirable for the advancement of this branch of science. In the maps attached to the report, the isodynamic lines on the surface of the globe were drawn simply in conformity with observations, and unmixed with hypothesis of any sort. The obser­vations collected for that purpose were not those of any particular individual or of any single nation, but embodied the results obtained by all persons who up to that period had taken part in such researches, subjected to such amount of discussion only as conveyed a knowledge of the modes of observation severally employed, and reduced the whole to a common unit.

A New Thin-Film Piezoelectric Sensor for Easuring Methane Gas

2012 ◽  
Vol 462 ◽  
pp. 619-623
Author(s):  
Min Ming Tong ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Shou Feng Tang ◽  
Fei Han
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Piezoelectric Sensor ◽  
Piezoelectric Film ◽  
Activated Carbon Fibers ◽  
Detection Range ◽  
Sensitive Film ◽  
Strong Adsorption ◽  
Very High ◽  
Piezoelectric Characteristic

To measure the concentration of CH4, we developed a thin film piezoelectric acoustic sensor (TFPAS), it accomplishes the detection of CH4 by the absorption of CH4 which can change the oscillation frequency of the piezoelectric crystal. The sensor is mainly composed by the piezoelectric film, sensitive film, silicon substrate and electrodes. The sensitive film is made up of nanometer-sized MgO scattered on pitch-based activated carbon fibers which has a strong adsorption of CH4. The piezoelectric film is a ZnO film which has very high piezoelectric characteristic parameters. The experimental results show that the sensitivity of the sensor to CH4 is very high. The response of the sensor to the presence of CH4 tested was found to be linear within a certain detection range and the detection error is less than 5%.

Modeling and Experimental Study of Magnetorheological Flexible Gasbag Polishing

2010 ◽  
Vol 102-104 ◽  
pp. 634-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Ming Ji ◽  
Guo Da Chen ◽  
Ming Sheng Jin ◽  
Li Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Material Removal ◽  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Magnetorheological Fluid ◽  
Variable Magnetic Field ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Electromagnetic Coil ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Surface Figure ◽  
Polishing Pressure ◽  
Orthogonal Tests

Magnetorheological flexible gasbag polishing based on the special application of magnetorheological fluid (MRF) in robotic gasbag polishing technique is a novel efficient approach in the field of mould finishing. It can control the polishing pressure by changing the magnetic force generated by MRF inside of the gasbag with the effect of variable magnetic field of electromagnetic coil. Its mathematical model is established to study the main factors influencing the material removal. The orthogonal tests are applied to analyze these important parameters. From the experimental results, it can be seen that this new approach is desirable in realizing the control of surface figure accuracy and improvement of surface quality under certain condition.

scholarly journals THE EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHES OF REINFORCED CONCRETE I-BEAM ELEMENTS WITH NORMAL CRACKS WHEN TURNING

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (53) ◽  
pp. 171-176
Author(s):  
Olga Orlova
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Twist Angle ◽  
Longitudinal Reinforcement ◽  
External Torque ◽  
Beam Elements ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Nonlinear Deformations ◽  
Experimental Researches ◽  
Concrete Elements

The data of experimental researches of the rigidity of reinforced concrete I-beam elements with normal cracks at the action on them of the twisting moment have resulted in this paper. It is shown that the dependence "torque-twist angle" is almost linear. Significant nonlinear deformations appear in the last stages of loading before failure. Therefore at normative torques, it is recommended to consider the work of reinforced concrete elements of the I-beam cross-section with normal cracks linear. It is shown that the presence of longitudinal reinforcement affects the strength and rigidity of beams with normal cracks. Quite a large part of the external torque is perceived by the pin forces in the longitudinal reinforcement. The difference between the external torque and the moment of the pin forces in the armature is perceived by the upper shelf of the I-beam element. In the absence of longitudinal reinforcement, the upper shelf can collapse at loads much smaller than the destructive load of beams with longitudinal reinforcement.

Comparison of Electromagnetic Coil Launcher Model with Real-Device Characteristics

2014 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 58-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirosław Kondratiuk ◽  
Zdzisław Gosiewski
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Numerical Representation ◽  
Electromagnetic Coil ◽  
Electromagnetic Launcher ◽  
Lumped Parameters ◽  
Friction Parameters ◽  
Selection Of

In this paper we describe a numerical model and a construction of an electromagnetic launcher (EML) consisting of ten copper coils located serially. The solenoids were mounted on the pipe-shaped slideway, inside which, the ferromagnetic core was moved driven by the coils magnetic force. The paper presents the model of an EML based on circuit approach involving lumped parameters which were obtained by means of a finite element methods (FEM). The numerical representation contained a mechanical part with introduced friction coefficients. In the article we proposed an algorithm which enabled us to fit the numerical model to the constructed device by selection of these friction parameters values. Thus, we were able to compare the signals from computer simulations and measurements which were taken during laboratory tests.

scholarly journals The Axisymmetric Pulsar Magnetosphere: A Classical Model

1992 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 96-97
Author(s):  
R. Fitzpatrick ◽  
L. Mestel
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Classical Model ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Electric Force ◽  
Poloidal Field ◽  
Pulsar Magnetosphere ◽  
Classical Physics ◽  
Field Lines ◽  
Current Flows ◽  
The Moment

The aim of this work (Fitzpatrick and Mestel 1988a, Fitzpatrick and Mestel 1988b) is to elucidate how a neutron star with a dipolar magnetic field of axis k and an instantaneous angular velocity αk would spin down, within the framework of classical physics. The rotation of the highly conducting stellar crust generates differences of electric potential between field lines. An electron current flows from points of lower to higher potential via a dissipation domain located largely beyond the light-cylinder. Electrons leave the star's polar regions as a subrelativistic stream, flowing nearly along the lines of the poloidal field Bp, picking up energy from the electric force and angular momentum from the moment about k of the magnetic force.

scholarly journals Prehension Synergies: Trial-to-Trial Variability and Principle of Superposition During Static Prehension in Three Dimensions

2005 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 3649-3658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Kun Shim ◽  
Mark L. Latash ◽  
Vladimir M. Zatsiorsky
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Torque Control ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Principle Of Superposition ◽  
External Torque ◽  
Virtual Finger ◽  
Grasping Forces ◽  
Finger Forces ◽  
The Moment

We performed three-dimensional analysis of the conjoint changes of digit forces during prehension (prehension synergies) and tested applicability of the principle of superposition to three-dimensional tasks. Subjects performed 25 trials at statically holding a handle instrumented with six-component force/moment sensors under seven external torque conditions; –0.70, –0.47, –0.23, 0.00, 0.23, 0.47, and 0.70 Nm about a horizontal axis in the plane passing through the centers of all five digit force sensors (the grasp plane). The total weight of the system was always 10.24 N. The trial-to-trial variability of the forces produced by the thumb and the virtual finger (an imagined finger producing the same mechanical effects as all 4 finger forces and moments combined) increased in all three dimensions with the external torque magnitude. The sets of force and moment variables associated with the moment production about the vertical axis in the grasp plane and the axis orthogonal to the grasp plane consisted of two noncorrelated subsets each; one subset of variables was related to the control of grasping forces ( grasp control) and the other sassociated with the control of the orientation of the hand-held object ( torque control). The variables associated with the moment production about the horizontal axis in the grasp plane did not include the grip force (the normal thumb and virtual finger forces) and showed more complex noncorrelated subsets. We conclude that the principle of superposition is valid for the prehension in three dimensions. The observed high correlations among forces and moments associated with the control of object orientation could be explained by chain effects, the sequences of cause-effect relations necessitated by mechanical constraints.

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