scholarly journals Recent Discovery of Heterocyclic Alkaloids from Marine-Derived Aspergillus Species

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu ◽  
Yuan ◽  
Li ◽  
Li
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Marine Fungi ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Nitrogen Heterocycles ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Aspergillus Species ◽  
Basic Nitrogen ◽  
Future Drug

Nitrogen heterocycles have drawn considerable attention due to of their significant biological activities. The marine fungi residing in extreme environments are among the richest sources of these basic nitrogen-containing secondary metabolites. As one of the most well-known universal groups of filamentous fungi, marine-derived Aspergillus species produce a large number of structurally unique heterocyclic alkaloids. This review attempts to provide a comprehensive summary of the structural diversity and biological activities of heterocyclic alkaloids that are produced by marine-derived Aspergillus species. Herein, a total of 130 such structures that were reported from the beginning of 2014 through the end of 2018 are included, and 75 references are cited in this review, which will benefit future drug development and innovation.

scholarly journals Species Diversity and Secondary Metabolites of Sarcophyton-Associated Marine Fungi

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3227
Author(s):  
Yuanwei Liu ◽  
Kishneth Palaniveloo ◽  
Siti Aisyah Alias ◽  
Jaya Seelan Sathiya Seelan
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Soft Coral ◽  
Marine Fungi ◽  
Indole Alkaloids ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Soft Corals ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Symbiotic Relationships ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites

Soft corals are widely distributed across the globe, especially in the Indo-Pacific region, with Sarcophyton being one of the most abundant genera. To date, there have been 50 species of identified Sarcophyton. These soft corals host a diverse range of marine fungi, which produce chemically diverse, bioactive secondary metabolites as part of their symbiotic nature with the soft coral hosts. The most prolific groups of compounds are terpenoids and indole alkaloids. Annually, there are more bio-active compounds being isolated and characterised. Thus, the importance of the metabolite compilation is very much important for future reference. This paper compiles the diversity of Sarcophyton species and metabolites produced by their associated marine fungi, as well as the bioactivity of these identified compounds. A total of 88 metabolites of structural diversity are highlighted, indicating the huge potential these symbiotic relationships hold for future research.

scholarly journals γ-Butyrolactones from Aspergillus Species: Structures, Biosynthesis, and Biological Activities

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrin R. M. Ibrahim ◽  
Gamal A. Mohamed ◽  
Amgad I.M. Khedr
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Rich Source ◽  
Aspergillus Species ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Fungal Secondary Metabolites

Recently, numerous metabolites possessing uncommon structures and potent bioactivity have been isolated from strains of fungi collected from diverse environments. The genus Aspergillus is known as a rich source of γ-butyrolactones. These are a group of fungal secondary metabolites, consisting of a five-membered lactone bearing two aromatic rings, which shows a great variety of biological activities. This review summarizes the research on the biosynthesis, source, and biological activities of the naturally occurring γ-butyrolactones that have been isolated from Aspergillus species published over the last decades. More than 75 compounds are described and 65 references are cited.

scholarly journals Natural Indole Alkaloids from Marine Fungi: Chemical Diversity and Biological Activities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Li ◽  
Chun-Lin Zhuang
Keyword(s):  
Marine Fungi ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Indole Alkaloids ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Heterocyclic Ring ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Pharmaceutical Development ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Clinical Drugs ◽  
Unique Chemical

The indole scaffold is one of the most important heterocyclic ring systems for pharmaceutical development, and serves as an active moiety in several clinical drugs. Fungi derived from marine origin are more liable to produce novel indole-containing natural products due to their extreme living environments. The indole alkaloids from marine fungi have drawn considerable attention for their unique chemical structures and significant biological activities. This review attempts to provide a summary of the structural diversity of marine fungal indole alkaloids including prenylated indoles, diketopiperazine indoles, bisindoles or trisindoles, quinazoline-containing indoles, indole-diterpenoids, and other indoles, as well as their known biological activities, mainly focusing on cytotoxic, kinase inhibitory, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-insecticidal, and brine shrimp lethal effects. A total of 306 indole alkaloids from marine fungi have been summarized, covering the references published from 1995 to early 2021, expecting to be beneficial for drug discovery in the future.

An Update Review of Secondary Metabolites from Marine Fungi

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Shabana ◽  
K. Rajya Lakshmi ◽  
A. Krishna Satya
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Marine Fungi ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Metabolic Stress ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Novel Drug

: Marine fungi are valuable and richest sources of novel natural products for medicinal and pharmaceutical industries. Nutrient depletion, competition or any other types of metabolic stress which limit marine fungal growth promote the formation and secretion of secondary metabolites. Generally secondary metabolites can be produced by many different metabolic pathways and include antibiotics, cytotoxic and cyto-stimulatory compounds. Marine fungi produce many different types of metabolite that are of commercial importance. This review paper deals about 187 novel compounds and 212 other known compounds with anticancer and antibacterial activities with a special focus on the period from 2011-2019. Furthermore, this review highlights the sources of organisms, chemical classes and biological activities (anticancer and antibacterial) of metabolites, that were isolated and structurally elucidated from marine fungi to throw a helping hand for novel drug development.

scholarly journals Marine endophytic fungi associated with Halopteris scoparia (Linnaeus) Sauvageau as producers of bioactive secondary metabolites with potential dermocosmetic application

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0250954
Author(s):  
Maria da Luz Calado ◽  
Joana Silva ◽  
Celso Alves ◽  
Patrícia Susano ◽  
Débora Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Marine Fungi ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Cutibacterium Acnes ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Halopteris Scoparia ◽  
First Time

Marine fungi and, particularly, endophytic species have been recognised as one of the most prolific sources of structurally new and diverse bioactive secondary metabolites with multiple biotechnological applications. Despite the increasing number of bioprospecting studies, very few have already evaluated the cosmeceutical potential of marine fungal compounds. Thus, this study focused on a frequent seaweed in the Portuguese coast, Halopteris scoparia, to identify the endophytic marine fungi associated with this host, and assess their ability to biosynthesise secondary metabolites with antioxidative, enzymatic inhibitory (hyaluronidase, collagenase, elastase and tyrosinase), anti-inflammatory, photoprotective, and antimicrobial (Cutibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Malassezia furfur) activities. The results revealed eight fungal taxa included in the Ascomycota, and in the most representative taxonomic classes in marine ecosystems (Eurotiomycetes, Sordariomycetes and Dothideomycetes). These fungi were reported for the first time in Portugal and in association with H. scoparia, as far as it is known. The screening analyses showed that most of these endophytic fungi were producers of compounds with relevant biological activities, though those biosynthesised by Penicillium sect. Exilicaulis and Aspergillus chevalieri proved to be the most promising ones for being further exploited by dermocosmetic industry. The chemical analysis of the crude extract from an isolate of A. chevalieri revealed the presence of two bioactive compounds, echinulin and neoechinulin A, which might explain the high antioxidant and UV photoprotective capacities exhibited by the extract. These noteworthy results emphasised the importance of screening the secondary metabolites produced by these marine endophytic fungal strains for other potential bioactivities, and the relevance of investing more efforts in understanding the ecology of halo/osmotolerant fungi.

scholarly journals An Updated Review on the Secondary Metabolites and Biological Activities of Aspergillus ruber and Aspergillus flavus and Exploring the Cytotoxic Potential of Their Isolated Compounds Using Virtual Screening

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Fadia S. Youssef ◽  
Abdel Nasser B. Singab
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Topoisomerase Ii ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Aspergillus Species ◽  
Cytotoxic Potential ◽  
In Silico Studies

The secondary metabolites and biological activities of Aspergillus ruber and Aspergillus flavus were comprehensively reported. About 70 compounds were isolated from both species that belong to different classes using conventional and advanced chromatographic techniques and unambiguously elucidated employing one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (1D and 2D NMR) and high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Some of them displayed promising antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. In silico studies were conducted on human cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK-2), human DNA topoisomerase II (TOP-2), and matrix metalloprotinase 13 (MMP-13) in an effort to explore the cytotoxic potential of the diverse compounds obtained from both Aspergillus species. 1,6,8-Trihydroxy-4-benzoyloxy-3-methylanthraquinone (23) revealed the most firm fitting with the active pockets of CDK-2 and MMP-13; meanwhile, variecolorin H alkaloid (14) showed the highest fitting within TOP-2 with ∆G equals to −36.51 kcal/mole. Thus, fungal metabolites could offer new drug entities for combating cancer. Relevant data about both Aspergillus species up to August 2020 were gathered from various databases comprising Scifinder (https://scifinder.cas.org/scifinder/login) for secondary metabolite-related studies; meanwhile, for biology-related articles, data were collected from both PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/) and Web of Knowledge (http://www.webofknowledge.com) as well.

A Review on Classification and Biological Activities of Alkaloids from the Genus Zanthoxylum Species

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Jun Wei ◽  
Xiao-Hui Chen ◽  
Tao Guo ◽  
Xiao-Qian Liu ◽  
Yi Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Pharmacological Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biological Study ◽  
New Drug ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Drug Development

: Many plants in the genus Zanthoxylum, belonging to the Rutaceae family, are recorded as folk medicines for the treatment of various diseases, which attracts much attention for their phytochemical and pharmacological activity investigations. Alkaloids are the largest secondary metabolites with structurally diverse types found in this genus and they demonstrate a wide range of biological activities. The aim of this review is to provide a summary on the isolation, classification, and biological properties of the alkaloids from Zanthoxylum species, which also will bring more attention to other researchers for further biological study on alkaloids for the new drug development.

scholarly journals The Structural Diversity of Marine Microbial Secondary Metabolites Based on Co-Culture Strategy: 2009–2019

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 449
Author(s):  
Jianwei Chen ◽  
Panqiao Zhang ◽  
Xinyi Ye ◽  
Bin Wei ◽  
Mahmoud Emam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Marine Microorganisms ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Marine Microbes ◽  
Cultivation Strategy ◽  
Culture Strategy ◽  
Bioactive Natural Product

Marine microorganisms have drawn great attention as novel bioactive natural product sources, particularly in the drug discovery area. Using different strategies, marine microbes have the ability to produce a wide variety of molecules. One of these strategies is the co-culturing of marine microbes; if two or more microorganisms are aseptically cultured together in a solid or liquid medium in a certain environment, their competition or synergetic relationship can activate the silent biosynthetic genes to produce cryptic natural products which do not exist in monocultures of the partner microbes. In recent years, the co-cultivation strategy of marine microbes has made more novel natural products with various biological activities. This review focuses on the significant and excellent examples covering sources, types, structures and bioactivities of secondary metabolites based on co-cultures of marine-derived microorganisms from 2009 to 2019. A detailed discussion on future prospects and current challenges in the field of co-culture is also provided on behalf of the authors’ own views of development tendencies.

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