scholarly journals Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Tubes Can Be Considered Safe in Children: A Single-Center 11-Year Retrospective Analysis

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1236
Author(s):  
Antonia Jeličić Kadić ◽  
Tea Radošević ◽  
Vanda Žitko ◽  
Ranka Despot ◽  
Zenon Pogorelić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Percutaneous Gastrostomy ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Age And Sex

Background and Objectives: When the human body is disabled to naturally ingest food through the mouth, enteral or parenteral nutritional support should be started. Percutaneous gastrostomy (PEG) is a flexible feeding tube that is inserted into the stomach through the abdominal wall in patients who will need long-term enteral nutrient intake. The aim of this study is to analyze clinical characteristic of children at the time of PEG placement as well as to determine indications, complications and outcomes associated with PEG at the Department of Pediatrics of the University Hospital of Split. Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients treated from 2010 to 2020 was performed. The following data were collected from medical records: age, gender, information about nasogastric feeding before PEG placement, indication for PEG insertion, duration of PEG, procedure-related complications and treatment outcomes. Malnutrition was determined according to the z-score range for BMI for age and sex. According to the indication for PEG placement, patients were divided into five categories: central nervous system (CNS) diseases, neuromuscular diseases, genetic disorders, metabolic diseases, and group of children with polytrauma. Results: A total of 40 patients with median age of 110 months were included in study. At the time of PEG placement, most patients had deviations in body weight and height compared to expected values for age and sex. The most common underlying diagnoses were diseases of the central nervous system. Minor complications were found in 13 (35%) of patients. One patient (2.7%) developed major complication (gastrocolic fistula) and consequently underwent reoperation. The median duration of PEG in patients with complications before the need for replacement was 27 months, and in patients without complications, 43 months. Conclusions: Negative deviations of z-score body weight, body height, and body mass index could indicate the need for possible earlier placement of PEG. PEG can be considered as a safe therapeutic option in children since PEG-related complications, mostly in minor forms, were found in a small number of patients.

scholarly journals Microsomic and macrosomic body structure in children and adolescents affected by syndromes or diseases associated with neurodysfunction

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Perenc ◽  
Agnieszka Guzik ◽  
Justyna Podgórska-Bednarz ◽  
Mariusz Drużbicki
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Congenital Disorders ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Body Structure ◽  
Neurological Rehabilitation ◽  
Z Score

AbstractIn Poland the issue of microsomic body structure (micro-SBS) and macrosomic body structure (macro-SBS) has so far been overlooked. Up until now only a small amount of data have been published, most often as an overview of the problem. The current study was designed to investigate the co-occurrence of microsomic/macrosomic body structure (micro/macro-SBS) and congenital nervous system disorders or neurological syndromes with symptoms visible from infancy, based on essential data acquired during admission procedures at a neurological rehabilitation ward for children and adolescents. The study applied a retrospective analysis of data collected during hospitalization of 327 children and adolescents, aged 4–18 years who had been affected since infancy by congenital disorders of the nervous system and/or neurological syndromes associated with a minimum of one neurodysfunction. To identify subjects with microsomic or macrosomic body structure in the group of children and adolescents, the adopted criteria took into account z-score values for body height (z-score Ht), body weight (z-score Wt), head circumference (z-score HC), BMI (z-score BMI) and head circumference index (z-score HCI). The rates of micro/macro-SBS in the study group amounted to 7.3% and 0.6%, respectively. The findings show a more frequent co-occurrence of, as well as statistically significant correlations between, micro/macro-SBS and type of spasticity (cerebral palsy) (p = 0.024) as well as hydrocephalus not treated surgically (p < 0.001). Macro-SBS was found to more frequently co-occur with hemiplegia and hydrocephalus not treated surgically.

scholarly journals Clinical outcomes of a cohort of patients with central nervous system metastases from thyroid cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 82-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Simões-Pereira ◽  
Daniel Macedo ◽  
Maria João Bugalho
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Whole Brain Radiotherapy ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Extrathyroidal Extension ◽  
Brain Radiotherapy ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Poorly Differentiated

Introduction Metastases to central nervous system (M1-CNS) are rarely reported in thyroid cancer (TC) patients. We aimed to characterize patients with M1-CNS from TC followed in our department. Methods Review of the medical records of 27 patients with TC-related M1-CNS. Results Mean age at TC diagnosis was 56.9 ± 19.1 years. Papillary TC (55.6%) was the commonest histological type, followed by poorly differentiated (18.5%), medullary (11.1%), follicular (7.4%) and Hürthle cell (7.4%) carcinomas. Angioinvasion and extrathyroidal extension were observed in a high number of patients. At M1-CNS diagnosis, other distant metastases were already present in 77.8% of the patients. Treatment directed to M1-CNS was offered to 20 (74%) patients: 1 was submitted to surgery, 18 to radiotherapy (either whole-brain radiotherapy or stereotaxic radiosurgery or both) and 4 to surgery and radiotherapy. Four patients received cytotoxic chemotherapy and one was submitted to 131I. Median survival since M1-CNS detection was 5.0 months. The only factor associated with better survival was surgery to brain metastases (P = 0.012). Conclusions The management of these patients is very challenging given the inexistence of effective treatments, except for brain surgery in selected cases.

Neuropharmacological Profile and Chemical Analysis of Moroccan Ormenis mixta L.

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (S1) ◽  
pp. S55-S64
Author(s):  
G. Hajjaj ◽  
A. Bahlouli ◽  
M. Tajani ◽  
K. Alaoui ◽  
Y. Cherrah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Behavioral Tests ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Activity Profile ◽  
Acute Toxicity Study ◽  
Pharmacological Studies

Ormenis mixta L. is traditionally used for central nervous system (CNS)-related diseases. Its anti-stress properties have received attention in Moroccan traditional medicine and aromatherapy. However, no pharmacological studies have yet been undertaken on this plant in Morocco. The present study provides a preliminary phytochemical screening and psychopharmacological profile of the essential oil and aqueous extract from Ormenis mixta L. by using behavioral tests in vivo, at graded doses. The result of this research shows that Ormenis mixta L. was safe up to 2 g/kg b.w. (body weight) in the acute toxicity study, possesses potential psychostimulant effect, and has antianxiety and antidepressant-like activity. This activity profile of Ormenis mixta L. was similar to the typical psychostimulant, caffeine. The exact mechanism of action underlying this stimulant-like effect should be clarified with further detailed studies. These results explained the extensive use of Ormenis mixta L. as a traditional medicine in Morocco.

scholarly journals „Z”-scores of anthropometric and motor parameters of girls in aerobic gymnastics

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
M. Tibenská ◽  
H. Medeková
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Percentage Of Body Fat ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
Shuttle Run

Abstract This study presents the evaluation of chosen anthropometric and motor parameters in group of female junior competitors throughout the course of 2-year preparation of aerobic gymnastics by means of Z-scores. The observed group consisted of 12 girls (average age at the beginning of observance 14.08 ± 1.19 years). Evaluation of anthropometric (body height, body weight, body mass index, percentage of body fat, acting body weight) and motor parameters (sit-ups in 30 seconds and 60 seconds, pull-ups to bar, modified push-ups, standing long jump, backwards tandem walking, shuttle run 4×10 m, Jacík’s test) was carried out in standard conditions in nine girls at 3-month intervals. It has been confirmed that female probands with higher Z-score of motor parameters together with lower Z-score of anthropometric parameters achieved higher sport performance during the 2-year observance at competitions, with an exception of one such proband.

Abstract 14: Central Nervous System Deletion of the Bbs1 Gene Causes Obesity and Hypertension in Mice

Hypertension ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deng-Fu Guo ◽  
Donald A Morgan ◽  
Charles C Searby ◽  
Darryl Y Nishmura ◽  
Val C Sheffield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Disorder ◽  
Conditional Knockout ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Obesity Phenotype

Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a pleiotropic autosomal recessive disorder with several features including obesity and hypertension. Systemic knock-out mouse models lacking expression of Bbs2, Bbs4 and Bbs6 genes, and Bbs1 M390R knock-in recapitulated many of the BBS phenotypes including obesity. However, the role and contribution of different tissues to the various phenotypes associated with BBS including obesity and hypertension remains unclear. To address this, we generated a new conditional knockout mouse where exon 3 of the Bbs1 gene is floxed. Cre-mediated recombination causes a frame shift resulting in a premature stop. We assessed whether deletion of the Bbs1 gene in the central nervous system (CNS) affects body weight and arterial pressure. Breeding Bbs1 flox with nestin Cre mice created mice deficient in Bbs1 gene only in the CNS as indicated by the loss of Bbs1 gene expression (by RT-PCR) in the hypothalamus, hippocampus, cortex and brainstem, but not in peripheral tissues such as adipose tissue, liver, kidney and skeletal muscle. Importantly, Bbs1 flox /nestin Cre mice display an obesity phenotype as indicated by the increased (P<0.05) body weight (40±1 g vs. 31±1 g in controls) and fat mass measured by MRI (23±2 g vs. 9±1 g in controls) in 25 weeks old mice. We found that the obesity phenotype in Bbs1 flox /nestin Cre mice is due to both an increase (P<0.05) in food intake (4.0±0.2 g vs. 3.1±0.3 g in controls) and reduction in energy expenditure as indicated by the decreased (P<0.05) O 2 consumption (2.8±0.3 mL/100g/min vs. 3.2±0.2 mL/100g/min in controls) and heat production (8.3±0.8 kcal/kg/h vs. 9.4±0.7 kcal/kg/h in controls). These results indicate that hyperphagia and low metabolic rate explain the development of obesity in Bbs1 flox /nestin Cre mice. Finally, we assessed by radiotelemetry the consequence on arterial pressure of ablating the Bbs1 gene throughout the CNS. Interestingly, CNS deletion of the Bbs1 gene recapitulates the hypertension phenotype of BBS as indicated by the elevated mean arterial pressure in Bbs1 flox /nestin Cre (123±3 mmHg) relative to littermate controls (112±4 mmHg, P=0.02). These findings demonstrate that Bbs genes in the CNS are critical for energy homeostasis and arterial pressure regulation.

scholarly journals 01 Adolescent and Young Adult Central Nervous System Tumour Survivors: Documentation of late-effects risks and screening recommendations in British Columbia, Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (S3) ◽  
pp. S1-S1
Author(s):  
A. Fuchsia Howard ◽  
Jordan Tran ◽  
Avril Ullett ◽  
Michael McKenzie ◽  
Karen Goddard
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Late Effects ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Primary Care Providers ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Care Providers

Survivors of adolescent and young adult (AYA) central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms are at risk for late effects (LE) - treatment-related health problems occurring more than 5 years after therapy). Since, in Canada, AYA survivors are usually followed in the community, information must be conveyed to primary care providers to guide risk-based follow-up care. Objective: To assess documentation of LE risks and screening recommendations (SR) in medical records of AYA CNS tumor survivors treated with radiation therapy. Methods: The medical records of all patients diagnosed with a CNS neoplasm (benign or malignant) at ages 15-39 years, treated between 1985 and 2010 in the province of British Columbia, surviving >5 years and discharged to the community were assessed. Documentation of LE and SR were extracted, and analyzed descriptively. Results: Among 132 survivors (52% female), treated with radiation therapy (95% partial brain, 10% craniospinal, 8% partial spine, and 4% whole brain) and chemotherapy (17%), 19% of charts included no documentation of LE risks, 26% included only non-specific documentation, and 55% had minimal documentation (1 or 2 LE). Documentation of at least one specific LE increased from 24% in 1980-1989, to 54% in 1990-1999, to 86% in 2000 – 2010. Based on treatment information, all survivors were at high-risk for LE, such as radiation induced neoplasm, meningioma and cerebrovascular events. Yet, SR were documented in only 25% of charts. Conclusions: The documentation of LE risks and screening recommendations has been limited, highlighting the need to improve written communication with primary care providers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document