scholarly journals Fracture of the Bone Inducing Its Necrosis as the End Point in the Evolution of Untreated Neuroarthropathy

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Dured Dardari ◽  
Alfred Penfornis
Keyword(s):  
Female Patient ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Complete Disappearance ◽  
Type I ◽  
Joint Dislocation ◽  
Charcot Neuroarthropathy ◽  
Bony Structure ◽  
End Point ◽  
The Impact

We describe here the case of a female patient with type I diabetes who developed active Charcot neuroarthropathy in the foot. Due to therapeutic noncompliance, talus necrosis was discovered 2 years after the presentation of neuroarthropathy. The impact of untreated neuroarthropathy on the bone is commonly described as fracture and joint dislocation, but we describe the complete disappearance of the bony structure and its necrosis associated with active neuroarthropathy in a patient who refused offloading.

scholarly journals The impact of risk factors and insulin admininstration method on the condition of the retina in children with type I diabetes mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
A.N. Samoylov ◽  
◽  
T.R. Khaibrakhmanov ◽  
G.A. Fazleeva ◽  
P.A. Samoylova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Type I Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type I ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals A biomimetic five-module chimeric antigen receptor (5MCAR) designed to target and eliminate antigen-specific T cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (46) ◽  
pp. 28950-28959
Author(s):  
Shio Kobayashi ◽  
Martin A. Thelin ◽  
Heather L. Parrish ◽  
Neha R. Deshpande ◽  
Mark S. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Chimeric Antigen Receptor ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Antigen Receptor ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mhc Molecules ◽  
Signaling Modules ◽  
The Impact

T cells express clonotypic T cell receptors (TCRs) that recognize peptide antigens in the context of class I or II MHC molecules (pMHCI/II). These receptor modules associate with three signaling modules (CD3γε, δε, and ζζ) and work in concert with a coreceptor module (either CD8 or CD4) to drive T cell activation in response to pMHCI/II. Here, we describe a first-generation biomimetic five-module chimeric antigen receptor (5MCAR). We show that 1) chimeric receptor modules built with the ectodomains of pMHCII assemble with CD3 signaling modules into complexes that redirect cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) specificity and function in response to the clonotypic TCRs of pMHCII-specific CD4+T cells, and 2) surrogate coreceptor modules enhance the function of these complexes. Furthermore, we demonstrate that adoptively transferred5MCAR–CTLs can mitigate type I diabetes by targeting autoimmune CD4+T cells in NOD mice. This work provides a framework for the construction of biomimetic5MCARs that can be used as tools to study the impact of particular antigen-specific T cells in immune responses, and may hold potential for ameliorating diseases mediated by pathogenic T cells.

scholarly journals Quality Of Life and Depression among Patients with Type I Diabetes: A Study of Gender Differences

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eisha Gohil ◽  
Ruby Charak, PhD ◽  
Haroon Rashid ◽  
Priyanka Sharma, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Type I ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Daily Monitoring ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Diabetes is a progressive chronic condition which places a significant burden of self management on the individual, such as daily monitoring and medications management, worry about the future and distress about the impact of diabetes on various aspects of life. It is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by elevated blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. The present study aimed to assess gender differences in quality of life and depression in patients suffering from type I diabetes. A sample of 70 participants (44 male and 26 female) in the age range of 40-80 years was collected from Jammu region, India. WHO Quality of life questionnaire and Beck’s Depression inventory-II were used as tools. Results indicated a significant difference on physical and psychological dimensions of quality of life and on depression across gender. The mean scores indicated that female participants had increased level of depression compared to the male participants. No significant difference was found between male and female on social and environmental dimensions of quality of life.

scholarly journals MON-619 Predictors of Complications with Fasting the Holy Month of Ramadan in Patients with Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ahmed Al Qarni ◽  
Reem Mohammad Alamoudi ◽  
Salwa Al-Aidarous ◽  
Awad Saad Alshahrani ◽  
Munir Abuhelalah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
P Value ◽  
Type I ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
Oral Agents ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: For a whole month, every year Muslims fast daily from dawn to sunset. Those with health conditions that put them at risk are exempted from fasting, yet most of patients with diabetes choose to fast. Clinical and metabolic complications of diabetes during this month are issues of concern for patients and their managing physicians. This study is designed to evaluate the impact of fasting Ramadan on safety of patients. Methods: A multicentercross-sectional survey was conducted in four hospitals under the Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs; King Abdulaziz Hospital,Al-Ahsa, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal Hospital, Dammam, King Abdulaziz Medicalcities, Riyadh and Jeddah. All patients with diabetes followed in the diabetes clinics of all four centers who fulfilled the study inclusion and exclusion criteria were approached within three months post Ramadan and consented for participation in the survey, then filled a self-administered validated questionnaire that consisted of 15 items. Results: Socio-demographic,clinical, and laboratory characteristics of 1438 patients with diabetes were analyzed. The majority 1207 (83.9%) had type II diabetes, and 828 (57.6%) were females.The mean age was 57.9 ± 14.9 years, and mean BMI 25.25 ± 5.39.The majority 1060 (73.7%) had concomitant diseases. 36 (2.5%)were on diet therapy alone, 147 (10.2%) on metformin monotherapy, and 261 (18.2%) on insulin therapy alone. The remaining 994 (69.1%) were on combination of insulin and oral agents. Health education was received on average by 688 (57.8%) of patients. Out of the 1191 (82.8%) who fasted the full month, 497 (41.7%) experienced acute glycemic complications. Multivariate analyses revealed that significant predictors for unsafe fasting were: type I diabetes [OR 1.8 (95%CI 1.2 - 2.8), p-value 0.007], insulin therapy [OR 1.8 (95% CI 1.4 - 2.3), p-value0.0001], previous history of breaking fast for glycemic reasons [OR 2.1 (95% CI1.5 - 2.9), p-value 0.0001], and not receiving health education [OR 1.6 (95% CI1.2 - 2.0), p-value 0.0006]. Blood sugar control, presence of concomitant diseases, and history of diabetes related hospitalization were not statistically significant predictors [(OR 1.25, 95% CI, 0.9 - 1.7, p-value 0.15),(1.3, 95% CI, 0.9 - 1.8, p-value 0.14), (1.1, 95% CI, 0.8 - 1.6, p-value 0.45)] respectively. Conclusion: A significant proportion of patients with diabetes do not receive specific education pertinent to fasting Ramadan. Lack of health education, in addition to; type I diabetes, insulin therapy, and previous experience of complications are predictors for unsafe fasting. This highlights the need for better structured educational programs and further research in the field.

The impact of type I diabetes on rat liver ?-glutamyltranspeptidase

1994 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Hemmings ◽  
Robert D. Pekush
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Type I ◽  
The Impact

Assessment of the Effect of a Comprehensive Diabetes Management Program on Hospital Admission Rates of Children With Diabetes Mellitus

1990 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 389-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra J. Drozda ◽  
Veronica A. Dawson ◽  
Dorothy J. Long ◽  
Lisa S. Freson ◽  
Marka. Sperling
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Type I ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Diabetes Management Program ◽  
The Impact

Admission records at Children's Hospital Medical Center in Cincinnati were reviewed to determine the impact of a compre hensive diabetes management program on selected indicators of health status in children with diabetes mellitus. Two periods were compared: January 1973 through June 1978 (periodA), prior to institution of the program, and July 1978 through December 1987 (period B). Although the number of children admitted with a diagnosis of type I diabetes not associated with DKA or other diagnoses increased by 10 % during these 10 years, the number of children with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) not associated with other diagnoses fell from 58% in period A to 24% in period B. Similarly, average length of stay for the reported DKA admissions decreased from a mean of 5.84 days in period A to a mean of 4. 62 days in period B. This reduction of 1.2 days saved an estimated $342,000 in hospi talization costs. These findings suggest that a comprehensive diabetes management program consisting of medical treatment, education, and psychological support services, has a positive influence on patient outcome and can be cost effective.

Type I Diabetes Affects Skeletal Muscle Glutamine Uptake in a Fiber-Specific Manner

2005 ◽  
Vol 230 (9) ◽  
pp. 606-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie C. Onan ◽  
Jonathan S. Fisher ◽  
Jeong-Sun Ju ◽  
Bryan C. Fuchs ◽  
Barrie P. Bode
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Muscle Fiber Types ◽  
Type I ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Slow Twitch Muscle ◽  
Slow Twitch ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Glutamine Uptake

Skeletal muscle serves as the body's major glutamine repository, and releases glutamine at enhanced rates during diabetes, but whether all muscles are equally affected is unknown. System Nm activity mediates most trans-sarcolemmal glutamine movement, and although two System N (SN) isoforms have been identified (SN1/sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter or System N and A transporters [SNAT]-3; and SN2/SNAT5), their expression in skeletal muscle remains controversial. Here, the impact of Type I diabetes on glutamine uptake and System N transporter expression were examined in fast- and slow-twitch skeletal muscle from spontaneously diabetic (BB/Wor-DP) rats. Net glutamine uptake in fast-twitch fibers was decreased 75%-95%, but enhanced more than 2-fold in slow-twitch muscle from diabetic animals relative to nondiabetic controls. Both SNAT3 and SNAT5 mRNA were expressed in both muscle fiber types and their abundance was unaffected by diabetes. This represents the first report of differential fiber-specific effects of diabetes on skeletal muscle glutamine transport and the co-expression of distinct System N transporters in skeletal muscle.

scholarly journals Stem Cell-Based Clinical Trials for Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora de Klerk ◽  
Matthias Hebrok
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Islet Transplantation ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Type I ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
The Impact

Since its introduction more than twenty years ago, intraportal allogeneic cadaveric islet transplantation has been shown to be a promising therapy for patients with Type I Diabetes (T1D). Despite its positive outcome, the impact of islet transplantation has been limited due to a number of confounding issues, including the limited availability of cadaveric islets, the typically lifelong dependence of immunosuppressive drugs, and the lack of coverage of transplant costs by health insurance companies in some countries. Despite improvements in the immunosuppressive regimen, the number of required islets remains high, with two or more donors per patient often needed. Insulin independence is typically achieved upon islet transplantation, but on average just 25% of patients do not require exogenous insulin injections five years after. For these reasons, implementation of islet transplantation has been restricted almost exclusively to patients with brittle T1D who cannot avoid hypoglycemic events despite optimized insulin therapy. To improve C-peptide levels in patients with both T1 and T2 Diabetes, numerous clinical trials have explored the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), both as supporting cells to protect existing β cells, and as source for newly generated β cells. Transplantation of MSCs is found to be effective for T2D patients, but its efficacy in T1D is controversial, as the ability of MSCs to differentiate into functional β cells in vitro is poor, and transdifferentiation in vivo does not seem to occur. Instead, to address limitations related to supply, human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived β cells are being explored as surrogates for cadaveric islets. Transplantation of allogeneic hESC-derived insulin-producing organoids has recently entered Phase I and Phase II clinical trials. Stem cell replacement therapies overcome the barrier of finite availability, but they still face immune rejection. Immune protective strategies, including coupling hESC-derived insulin-producing organoids with macroencapsulation devices and microencapsulation technologies, are being tested to balance the necessity of immune protection with the need for vascularization. Here, we compare the diverse human stem cell approaches and outcomes of recently completed and ongoing clinical trials, and discuss innovative strategies developed to overcome the most significant challenges remaining for transplanting stem cell-derived β cells.

scholarly journals A biomimetic five-module chimeric antigen receptor (5MCAR) designed to target and eliminate antigen-specific T cells

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shio Kobayashi ◽  
Martin A. Thelin ◽  
Heather L. Parrish ◽  
Neha R. Deshpande ◽  
Mark S. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Chimeric Antigen Receptor ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Antigen Receptor ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mhc Molecules ◽  
Signaling Modules ◽  
The Impact

AbstractT cells express clonotypic T cell receptors (TCRs) that recognize peptide antigens in the context of class I or II MHC molecules (pMHCI/II). These receptor modules associate with three signaling modules (CD3γε, δε, and ζζ), and work in concert with a coreceptor module (either CD8 or CD4), to drive T cell activation in response to pMHCI/II. Here we describe a first generation biomimetic 5-module chimeric antigen receptor (5MCAR). We show that: (i) chimeric receptor modules built with the ectodomains of pMHCII assemble with CD3 signaling modules into complexes that redirect cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) specificity and function in response to the clonotypic TCRs of pMHCII-specific CD4+ T cells; and, (ii) surrogate coreceptor modules enhance the function of these complexes. Furthermore, we demonstrate that adoptively transferred 5MCAR-CTLs can mitigate type I diabetes by targeting autoimmune CD4+ T cells in NOD mice. This work provides a framework for the construction of biomimetic 5MCARs that can be used as tools to study the impact of particular antigen-specific T cells in immune responses, and may hold potential for ameliorating diseases mediated by pathogenic T cells.

scholarly journals On the supposed influence of milk homogenization on the risk of CVD, diabetes and allergy

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 598-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Caroline Michalski
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Type I Diabetes ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Whey Proteins ◽  
Type I ◽  
Milk Fat Globule ◽  
Fat Globule ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Commercial milk is homogenized for the purpose of physical stability, thereby reducing fat droplet size and including caseins and some whey proteins at the droplet interface. This seems to result in a better digestibility than untreated milk. Various casein peptides and milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) proteins are reported to present either harmful (e.g. atherogenic) or beneficial bioactivity (e.g. hypotensive, anticarcinogenic and others). Homogenization might enhance either of these effects, but this remains controversial. The effect of homogenization has not been studied regarding the link between early cow's milk consumption and occurrence of type I diabetes in children prone to the disease and no link appears in the general population. Homogenization does not influence milk allergy and intolerance in allergic children and lactose-intolerant or milk-hypersensitive adults. The impact of homogenization, as well as heating and other treatments such as cheesemaking processes, on the health properties of milk and dairy products remains to be fully elucidated.

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