scholarly journals Genomic, Antimicrobial, and Aphicidal Traits of Bacillus velezensis ATR2, and Its Biocontrol Potential against Ginger Rhizome Rot Disease Caused by Bacillus pumilus

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Leiqin Liang ◽  
Yajuan Fu ◽  
Sangsang Deng ◽  
Yan Wu ◽  
Meiying Gao
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Bacillus Velezensis ◽  
Ginger Rhizome ◽  
Biocontrol Potential ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Rhizome Rot

Ginger rhizome rot disease, caused by the pathogen Bacilluspumilus GR8, could result in severe rot of ginger rhizomes and heavily threaten ginger production. In this study, we identified and characterized a new Bacillus velezensis strain, designated ATR2. Genome analysis revealed B. velezensis ATR2 harbored a series of genes closely related to promoting plant growth and triggering plant immunity. Meanwhile, ten gene clusters involved in the biosynthesis of various secondary metabolites (surfactin, bacillomycin, fengycin, bacillibactin, bacilysin, difficidin, macrolactin, bacillaene, plantazolicin, and amylocyclicin) and two clusters encoding a putative lipopeptide and a putative phosphonate which might be explored as novel bioactive compounds were also present in the ATR2 genome. Moreover, B. velezensis ATR2 showed excellent antagonistic activities against multiple plant pathogenic bacteria, plant pathogenic fungi, human pathogenic bacteria, and human pathogenic fungus. B. velezensis ATR2 was also efficacious in control of aphids. The antagonistic compound from B. velezensis ATR2 against B.pumilus GR8 was purified and identified as bacillomycin D. In addition, B. velezensis ATR2 exhibited excellent biocontrol efficacy against ginger rhizome rot disease on ginger slices. These findings showed the potential of further applications of B. velezensis ATR2 as a biocontrol agent in agricultural diseases and pests management.

scholarly journals A Complete Genome Sequence of the Wood Stem Endophyte Bacillus velezensis BY6 Strain Possessing Plant Growth-Promoting and Antifungal Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ping Zhang ◽  
Jian Diao ◽  
Guangqiang Xie ◽  
Ling Ma ◽  
Lihai Wang
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Gc Content ◽  
Endophytic Bacterium ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Bacillus Velezensis ◽  
Sequencing Platform ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting

An endophytic bacterium Bacillus velezensis BY6 was isolated from the wood stems of healthy Populus davidiana × P. alba var. pyramidalis (PdPap). The BY6 strain can inhibit pathogenic fungus Alternaria alternate in PdPap and promote growth of PdPap seedlings. In the present study, we used the Pacific Biosciences long-read sequencing platform, a single-molecule real-time (SMRT) technology for strain BY6, to perform complete genome sequencing. The genome size was 3,898,273 bp, the number of genes was 4,045, and the average GC content was 47.33%. A complete genome of strain BY6 contained 110 secondary metabolite gene clusters. Nine of the secondary metabolite gene clusters exhibited antifungal activity and promoted growth functions primarily involved in the synthesis of surfactin, bacteriocins, accumulated iron ions, and related antibiotics. Gene clusters provide genetic resources for biotechnology and genetic engineering, and enhance understanding of the relationship between microorganisms and plants.

scholarly journals Intensitas dan Luas Serangan Beberapa Isolat Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. zingiberi pada Jahe Gajah

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Hermawati Cahyaningrum ◽  
Nur Prihatiningsih ◽  
Soedarmono Soedarmono
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Sterile Soil ◽  
Soil Medium ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Ginger Rhizome ◽  
Incubation Periods ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Screen House ◽  
Rhizome Rot ◽  
Growth Ability

Ginger is one of the spices and medicinal commodities which is cultivated in Indonesia. One of the obstacles encountered in the cultivation of ginger is the rhizome rot disease which is mainly caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht f.sp. zingiberi Trujillo. This study is aimed to know the growth ability and virulence level of the isolates on ginger rhizome and plants. The research was conducted in the laboratory and in the screen house by using Complete Random Design consisted of 10 treatments and 4 replications. The parameters observed were growth ability of F. oxysporum f.sp. zingiberi, rhizome rot disease symptoms, incubation period, extensive decay and weight difference of the rhizomes. The results showed that F. oxysporum f.sp. zingiberi which was stored for 4 years in sterile soil medium was still capable to cause damage to the rhizome and plants. Incubation periods of rhizome decay and plant symptoms were from 3 to 11.5 and 55.5 to 68.5 days, respectively. The most virulent isolate was MSO1 with extensive decay of rhizome and the wilting intensity were 108.95 mm2 dan 33.88%, respectively. IntisariJahe merupakan salah satu komoditas rempah dan obat yang banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Salah satu kendala yang dihadapi dalam budidaya jahe adalah adanya gangguan penyakit busuk rimpang yang disebabkan (terutama) oleh Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht f.sp. zingiberi Trujillo. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menguji daya tumbuh dan virulensi isolat F. oxysporum f.sp. zingiberi pada rimpang dan tanaman jahe gajah. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium dan di rumah kasa menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) yang masing-masing terdiri dari 10 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi daya tumbuh F. oxysporum f.sp. zingiberi, gejala penyakit busuk rimpang, masa inkubasi, luas pembusukan dan selisih bobot basah rimpang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa F. oxysporum f.sp. zingiberi yang telah di simpan 4 tahun dalam medium tanah steril mampu menyebabkan kerusakan pada rimpang dan tanaman jahe. Masa inkubasi gejala busuk pada rimpang serta gejala pada tanaman masing- masing berkisar antara 3–11,5 serta 55,5–68,5 hari. Isolat yang paling virulen adalah MSO1 dengan nilai luas pembusukan pada rimpang dan intensitas penyakit masing-masing sebesar 108,95 mm2 dan 33,88%.

scholarly journals Biocontrol Mechanism of Bacillus subtilis C3 Against Bulb Rot Disease in Fritillaria taipaiensis P.Y.Li

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongli Ku ◽  
Nan Yang ◽  
Peng Pu ◽  
Xueli Mei ◽  
Le Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Inhibition Mechanism ◽  
Inhibition Rate ◽  
Control Effect ◽  
Ethyl Palmitate ◽  
Bulb Rot ◽  
Rot Disease

Bulb rot disease has become one of the main diseases that seriously affects the yield and quality of Fritillaria taipaiensis P.Y.Li (F. taipaiensis). In this study, F. taipaiensis was used as the research object to explore the effect and mechanism of Bacillus subtilis C3 in preventing and curing bulb rot. Through isolation and verification of the pathogenic fungi, we determined for the first time that the pathogenic fungus that causes bulb rot in F. taipaiensis is Fusarium oxysporum. The results of the study showed that B. subtilis C3 inhibits the growth of pathogenic fungi, and the inhibition rate is as high as 60%. In the inhibition mechanism, strain C3 inhibits the conidiogenesis of pathogenic fungi and destroys the cell structure of its hyphae, causing protoplast exudation, chromatin concentration, DNA fragmentation, and ultimately cell death. Among the secondary metabolites of C3, antimicrobial proteins and main active components (paeonol, ethyl palmitate, and oxalic acid) inhibited the growth of F. oxysporum. The molecular weight of the antibacterial protein with the highest inhibition rate was approximately 50 kD. The results of a field experiment on the Taibai Mountain F. taipaiensis planting base showed that after the application of strain C3, the incidence of bulb rot in Fritillaria was reduced by 18.44%, and the ratio of bacteria to fungi in the soil increased to 8.21, which verified the control effect of C3 on Fritillaria bulb rot disease. This study provides a theoretical basis for the use of B. subtilis C3 to prevent and control bulb rot in Fritillaria.

scholarly journals Isolation of Endophytic Fungi from Vitex trifolia L and Antagonism Test against Sclerotium rolfsii and pathogenic bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hasan Basri ◽  
Lalu Zulkifli ◽  
Abdul Syukur
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Low Activity

Plant damage by pathogenic fungi is often found in plants, one of which is caused by Sclerotium rolfsii. Biological control strategy offers a promising alternative for managing disease in plants because they are environmental friendly compared to pesticides application. One of the biological control offered is by using endophytic fungi isolated from Vitex trivolia L. The aim of the study was to isolate, to identify macroscopic and microscopic endophytic fungi from Vitex trifolia L and to test their antagonism potency against the pathogenic fungus Sclerotium rolfsii in vitro. The isolation obtained 7 endophytic fungi isolates identified based on their genus characteristics, nsmely Periconia sp, Aspergillussp, Dendrophoma  sp, Geotrichum  sp, Ampulliferina  sp, Chalara  sp, dan Bispora sp and 2 isolates have not been identified. The Antibacterial test of the fungi isolate on the 4 tested bacteria showed that of all the fungi isolate have low activity. The antagonism test using the direct opposition method with the PIRG formula, showed that the 3 isolates had high percentage of growth inhibition, in which ALJ1, BLJ5, and ALJ3 isolate has  85%, 90%, and 100% respectively. This potency could be used as biological agents on the pathogenic fungus Sclerotium rolfsii.

scholarly journals Effects of Actin-Like Proteins Encoded by Two Bacillus pumilus Phages on Unstable Lysogeny, Revealed by Genomic Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 339-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yihui Yuan ◽  
Qin Peng ◽  
Dandan Wu ◽  
Zheng Kou ◽  
Yan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Pumilus ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
Control Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ginger Rhizome ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Rhizome Rot

ABSTRACTWe characterized two newly isolated myoviruses, Bp8p-C and Bp8p-T, infecting the ginger rhizome rot disease pathogenBacillus pumilusGR8. The plaque of Bp8p-T exhibited a clear center with a turbid rim, suggesting that Bp8p-T could transform into latent phage. Lysogeny assays showed that both the two phages could form latent states, while Bp8p-T could form latent phage at a higher frequency and stability than Bp8p-C. The genomes of Bp8p-C and Bp8p-T were 151,417 and 151,419 bp, respectively; both encoded 212 putative proteins, and only differed by three nucleotides. Moreover, owing to this difference, Bp8p-C encoded a truncated, putative actin-like plasmid segregation protein Gp27-C. Functional analysis of protein Gp27 showed that Gp27-T encoded by Bp8p-T exhibited higher ATPase activity and assembly ability than Gp27-C. The results indicate that the difference in Gp27 affected the phage lysogenic ability. Structural proteome analysis of Bp8p-C virion resulted in the identification of 14 structural proteins, among which a pectin lyase-like protein, a putative poly-gamma-glutamate hydrolase, and three proteins with unknown function, were firstly identified as components of the phage virion. Both phages exhibited specific lytic ability to the host strain GR8. Bp8p-C showed better control effect on the pathogen in ginger rhizome slices than Bp8p-T, suggesting that Bp8p-C has a potential application in bio-control of ginger rhizome rot disease.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Resource of Bacillus velezensis J17-4, an Endophyte Isolated from Stem Tissues of Rice

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.R. Shi ◽  
Wanwen Hong ◽  
Qingwei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Bacillus Velezensis ◽  
Circular Chromosome ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Genome Data ◽  
Rot Disease

Dickeya zeae is the causative agent of rice root rot disease and causes severe harvest and economic losses. In this study, the Bacillus velezensis strain J17-4 with significant antagonist against D. zeae was used to generate DNA for sequencing. After assembly, a high-quality complete genome comprising only a circular chromosome was available. The genome sequence consists of a total of 3877 prediction coding sequences and nine types of gene clusters involved in secondary metabolite production. This genome data will provide information for understanding the underlying mechanism of strain J17-4 antagonist against D. zeae and a new useful source for comparative genomics studies between strains isolated from various habitats.

scholarly journals Genomic and chemical diversity of Bacillus subtilis secondary metabolites against plant pathogenic fungi

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heiko T. Kiesewalter ◽  
Carlos N. Lozano-Andrade ◽  
Mario Wibowo ◽  
Mikael L. Strube ◽  
Gergely Maróti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Mutational Analysis ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Biosynthetic Gene ◽  
Wide Range

ABSTRACTBacillus subtilis produces a wide range of secondary metabolites providing diverse plant-growth-promoting and biocontrol abilities. These secondary metabolites include non-ribosomal peptides (NRPs) with strong antimicrobial properties, causing either cell lysis, pore formation in fungal membranes, inhibition of certain enzymes, or bacterial protein synthesis. However, the natural products of B. subtilis are mostly studied either in laboratory strains or in individual isolates and therefore, a comparative overview of B. subtilis secondary metabolites is missing.In this study, we have isolated 23 B. subtilis strains from eleven sampling sites, compared the fungal inhibition profiles of wild types and their NRPs mutants, followed the production of targeted lipopeptides, and determined the complete genomes of 13 soil isolates. We discovered that non-ribosomal peptide production varied among B. subtilis strains co-isolated from the same soil samples. In vitro antagonism assays revealed that biocontrol properties depend on the targeted plant pathogenic fungus and the tested B. subtilis isolate. While plipastatin alone is sufficient to inhibit Fusarium sp., a combination of plipastatin and surfactin is required to hinder the growth of Botrytis cinerea. Detailed genomic analysis revealed that altered NRP production profiles in certain isolates is due to missing core genes, nonsense mutation, or potentially altered gene regulation.Our study combines microbiological antagonism assays with chemical NRPs detection and biosynthetic gene cluster predictions in diverse B. subtilis soil isolates to provide a broader overview of the secondary metabolite chemodiversity of B. subtilis.IMPORTANCESecondary or specialized metabolites with antimicrobial activities define the biocontrol properties of microorganisms. Members of the Bacillus genus produce a plethora of secondary metabolites, of which non-ribosomally produced lipopeptides in particular display strong antifungal activity. To facilitate prediction of the biocontrol potential of new Bacillus subtilis isolates, we have explored the in vitro antifungal inhibitory profiles of recent B. subtilis isolates, combined with analytical natural product chemistry, mutational analysis, and detailed genome analysis of biosynthetic gene clusters. Such a comparative analysis helped to explain why selected B. subtilis isolates lack production of certain secondary metabolites.

scholarly journals A Study of the Effect of Bioagent Trichoderma harzianum Rifai, the Fungicide Topsin-M and their Interaction on Root Rot Disease of Okra Abelmoschus esculentus in the Field

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 320-336
Author(s):  
Yehya A. Salih ◽  
Noor M. Mansoor
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Fruit Productivity ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Fungus Growth

This study aimed to investigate the effect of interaction between Trichoderma harzianum and the fungicide Topsin-M on root rot disease that infected okra in the field. Three fungi were isolated from the root of okra that infected with root rot disease: Fusarium solani, Rhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phaseolina. The pathogenicity of these fungi was tested and found to be they cause root rot disease on okra, the disease severity was 41.7, 6.7 and 31.7% respectively. The laboratorial experiments showed that T. harzianum had a high antagonism ability with degrees of 1 and 2 against the pathogenic fungi M. phaseolina, F. solani and R. solani respectively. Also, it was found that the fungicide Topsin –M inhibited the growth of all pathogenic fungi with a percent of 100%, while it inhibited the bioagent fungus growth with a percent of 50.4 %, therefore it be recommended for the interaction experiments. The field results showed that using of bioagent T. harzianum and fungicide topsin-M significantly reduced the infection percentage and severity disease of the pathogenic fungi F. solani, R. solani and M. phaseolina to 65.3, 21.20, 13.20, 46.20, 25.70 and 18.20% respectively, compared to each pathogenic fungus alone which were 71.00, 60.20, 60.20, 66.80, 80.20 and 60.20% respectively. The interaction between the bioagent T. harzianum and topsin-M led to increase the plant height, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root systems and the fruit productivity of the examined okra plants .

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