scholarly journals Validation of TaqMan-Based Assays for Specific Detection and Differentiation of Wild-Type and Neethling Vaccine Strains of LSDV

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1234
Author(s):  
Dejan Vidanović ◽  
Bojana Tešović ◽  
Milanko Šekler ◽  
Zoran Debeljak ◽  
Nikola Vasković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Animal Disease ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Notifiable Disease ◽  
Specific Detection ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease ◽  
Systemic Reactions ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns ◽  
Significant Health

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an important animal disease with significant health and economic impacts. It is considered a notifiable disease by the OIE. Attenuated strains of LSDV have been successfully used as vaccines (LAV) but can also produce mild or systemic reactions. Vaccination campaigns using LAVs are therefore only viable if accompanying DIVA assays are available. Two DIVA qPCR assays able to distinguish Neethling-based LAVs and wild-type LSDV were developed. Upon validation, both assays were shown to have high sensitivity and specificity with a diagnostic performance comparable to other published DIVA assays. This confirmed their potential as reliable tools to confirm infection in animals during vaccination campaigns based on Neethling vaccine strains.

scholarly journals Use of high-sensitivity digital ELISA improves the diagnostic performance of circulating brain-specific proteins for detection of traumatic brain injury during triage

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant C. O’Connell ◽  
Megan L. Alder ◽  
Christine G. Smothers ◽  
Carolyn H. Still ◽  
Allison R. Webel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Specific Proteins ◽  
Brain Specific Proteins ◽  
Digital Elisa

scholarly journals RpoS-Dependent Stress Response and Exoenzyme Production in Vibrio vulnificus

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 6114-6120 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hülsmann ◽  
T. M. Rosche ◽  
I.-S. Kong ◽  
H. M. Hassan ◽  
D. M. Beam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Mutant Strain ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Vibrio Vulnificus ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Striking Difference ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Hydrolytic Activities ◽  
In The Wild

ABSTRACT Vibrio vulnificus is an estuarine bacterium capable of causing rapidly fatal infections through both ingestion and wound infection. Like other opportunistic pathogens, V. vulnificus must adapt to potentially stressful environmental changes while living freely in seawater, upon colonization of the oyster gut, and upon infection of such diverse hosts as humans and eels. In order to begin to understand the ability of V. vulnificus to respond to such stresses, we examined the role of the alternate sigma factor RpoS, which is important in stress response and virulence in many pathogens. An rpoS mutant of V. vulnificus strain C7184o was constructed by homologous recombination. The mutant strain exhibited a decreased ability to survive diverse environmental stresses, including exposure to hydrogen peroxide, hyperosmolarity, and acidic conditions. The most striking difference was a high sensitivity of the mutant to hydrogen peroxide. Albuminase, caseinase, and elastase activity were detected in the wild type but not in the mutant strain, and an additional two hydrolytic activities (collagenase and gelatinase) were reduced in the mutant strain compared to the wild type. Additionally, the motility of the rpoS mutant was severely diminished. Overall, these studies suggest that rpoS in V. vulnificus is important for adaptation to environmental changes and may have a role in virulence.

Specific Detection of Staphylococcus Enterotoxin B in Milk Using Piezoresistive Cantilever Aptasensor

2015 ◽  
Vol 645-646 ◽  
pp. 1298-1302
Author(s):  
Rui Zhao ◽  
Yong Zheng Wen ◽  
Wei Ma ◽  
Jian Cheng Yang ◽  
Xiao Mei Yu
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Rapid Response ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Specific Detection ◽  
Detection Range ◽  
Coated Surface ◽  
Enterotoxin B ◽  
Food Commodities ◽  
Staphylococcus Enterotoxin B

In this paper, an aptasensor with high sensitivity and rapid response was developed for the detection of staphylococcus enterotoxin B (SEB) by using thiol-modified piezoresistive cantilever. Thiol-modified aptamers, acting as the functionalized sensing elements, were immobilized on the nanogold-coated surface of the sensing cantilever as agents for detecting SEB. By using the functionalized aptasensors, different concentrations of SEB were detected with a wide detection range of 6-100 ng/mL and a quick response in milk. The experimental results indicated that the cantilever-based aptasensors had sufficient sensitivity for the detection of SEB in real food commodities and might provide an economical platform for on-site detections of different toxicants with the advantages of portability, high sensitivity, and rapid response.

scholarly journals Performance evaluation of the Simtomax® CoronaCheck rapid diagnostic test

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Ducrest ◽  
A. Freymond ◽  
J.-M. Segura
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
List Type ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Two Samples

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of Simtomax® CoronaCheck, a serology rapid diagnostic test (RDT) for the detection of IgG and IgM against SARS-CoV-2. 48 plasma samples positive for SARS-CoV-2 based on RT-PCR and 98 negative control samples were studied. Diagnostic performance of the IgG/IgM RDT was assessed against RT-PCR and the electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 total Ig. Overall, the RDT sensitivity was 92% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 79-97), specificity 97% (95% CI: 91-99%), PPV 94% (95% CI: 81-98) and the NPV 96% (95% CI: 89-99). When considering only samples collected ≥ 15 days post-symptoms (DPS), the sensitivity increased to 98% (95%CI: 86-100) and the specificity was 97% (95% CI: 91-99%). Two samples with 180 DPS were still positive for IgG. Globally, this IgG/IgM RDT displayed a high diagnostic accuracy for SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM detection in plasma samples in high COVID-19 prevalence settings. It could be effectively used, in absence of facilities for routine diagnostic serology, for samples with a DPS between 15 and 180 days.Highlights–The rapid diagnostic test Simtomax CoronaCheck displays a high sensitivity of 98% and a high specificity of 97% for SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM detection in plasma samples after 15 days post-symptoms.–The rapid diagnostic test Simtomax CoronaCheck can detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in plasma up to 180 days after symptom onset.–The rapid diagnostic test Simtomax CoronaCheck could be effectively used as an alternative to serological analysis using laboratory facilities.

Diagnostic performance of high sensitivity troponin in non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
J. Velilla Moliner ◽  
B. Gros Bañeres ◽  
J. Povar Marco ◽  
M. Santaló Bel ◽  
J. Ordoñez Llanos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
High Sensitivity Troponin ◽  
St Elevation ◽  
Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome

Human and animal disease outbreaks in India due to mycotoxins other than aflatoxins

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Raghavender ◽  
B. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
South India ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Western India ◽  
Animal Disease ◽  
The People ◽  
Contaminated Food ◽  
Significant Health

Mycotoxins are gaining increasing importance due to their deleterious effects on human and animal health. Chronic health risks are particularly prevalent in India where the diets of the people are highly prone to mycotoxins due to poor harvesting practices, improper storage and transport coupled with high temperature and moisture. This paper reviews disease outbreaks of mycotoxicoses other than aflatoxins in India due to ingestion of mycotoxincontaminated food. Ergotism is one of the earliest known outbreaks of mycotoxins reported in rural areas of western India associated with pearl millet grain. Trichothecenes have been involved in an acute human mycotoxicosis known as alimentary toxic aleukia in India during 1987 and were attributed to the consumption of mouldy wheat. Deoxynivalenol was implicated in an outbreak of emetic syndrome in Kashmir State. An outbreak of acute foodborne disease caused by fumonisin was reported in south India during 1995 affecting 1,424 people due to contaminated sorghum and maize. Rhizopus toxicosis was reported from Maharashtra State and caused the death of three people. These outbreaks continue to be a significant health problem of people in India, because their poor purchasing power compels them to consume contaminated food.

SPECIFIC DETECTION OF FIBRIN IN HUMAN TISSUES BY A NEW IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUE.

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Bini ◽  
R Mesa-Tejada ◽  
J Fenoglio ◽  
B Kudryk ◽  
K L Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Form ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Polyclonal Antiserum ◽  
Immunoperoxidase Technique ◽  
Pericellular Matrix ◽  
Specific Detection ◽  
Human Biopsy ◽  
Embryonic Origin ◽  
Avidin Biotin Complex

Human biopsy (30), surgical (50) and autopsy (14) specimens of different embryonic origin (skin, blood vessel, kidney, lymph nodes, prostate, lung, liver, and intestine) were stained by the avidin-biotin complex immunoperoxidase technique (ABC-IP) with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). MAb T2G1 (recognizes 315-42 and detects fibrin II in tissues), MAb I8C6 (recognizes BS1-42 and indicates fibrinogen and fibrin I), MAb GC4 (specific for fragments D and D-D), and a polyclonal antiserum for fibrinogen. The method can be applied to frozen or Boilin’s fixed paraffin embedded tissues with good preservation of morphology and high sensitivity at the light microscopy level. The results were compared with conventional histochemical stains currently used in surgical pathology to demonstrate fibrin deposits in tissues. These stains are based on the acidophilic properties of fibrin (Fraser-Lendrum for “more recent” and Mallory’s PTAH for “older” fibrin). ABC-IP staining with MAb T2G1 clearly detected fibrin in areas where Lendrum and PTAH failed to reveal fibrin deposits, e.g., in the intercellular and pericellular matrix, as well as in areas where staining occurred with conventional techniques, indicating greater sensitivity of the ABC-IP method. Fibrin was specifically detected in strands or clumps in some areas of inflammation and granulation tissue and seemed to be associated with platelets and macrophages. Moreover, ABC-IP with MAb I8C6 and MAb GC4 permits the distinction between fibrinogen or fibrin I, and D and D dimer which are poorly reactive with the Lendrum and PTAH methods. The polyclonal antiserum for fibrinogen showed reactivity with all the material stained with the MAbs and with some additional areas due to the epitopes of fibrinogen and fibrin not detected by the monoclonals. The ABC-IP technique with MAbs allows specific demonstration of fibrin deposits in tissues. Moreover, these results indicate that this method facilitates the correlation of the morphologic appearance of fibrinogen) -related deposits in tissues with their molecular form and will be useful to elucidate the role of fibrin in diseases such as atherosclerosis, kidney disease, and tumors.

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