scholarly journals Biofilm Formation Ability of Arcobacter-Like and Campylobacter Strains under Different Conditions and on Food Processing Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2017
Author(s):  
David Šilha ◽  
Sabina Sirotková ◽  
Karolína Švarcová ◽  
Leona Hofmeisterová ◽  
Květa Koryčanová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Adhesion Ability ◽  
Abiotic Surfaces ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Campylobacter Spp

Campylobacter jejuni is the most frequent cause of bacterial gastrointestinal food-borne infection worldwide. The transmission of Campylobacter and Arcobacter-like species is often made possible by their ability to adhere to various abiotic surfaces. This study is focused on monitoring the biofilm ability of 69 strains of Campylobacter spp. and lesser described species of the Arcobacteraceae family isolated from food, water, and clinical samples within the Czech Republic. Biofilm formation was monitored and evaluated under an aerobic/microaerophilic atmosphere after cultivation for 24 or 72 h depending on the surface material. An overall higher adhesion ability was observed in arcobacters. A chi-squared test showed no association between the origin of the strains and biofilm activity (p > 0.05). Arcobacter-like species are able to form biofilms under microaerophilic and aerobic conditions; however, they prefer microaerophilic environments. Biofilm formation has already been demonstrated at refrigerator temperatures (5 °C). Arcobacters also showed higher biofilm formation ability at the temperature of 30 °C. This is in contrast to Campylobacter jejuni NP 2896, which showed higher biofilm formation ability at temperatures of 5–30 °C. Overall, the results demonstrated the biofilm formation ability of many strains, which poses a considerable risk to the food industry, medical practice, and human health.

scholarly journals Does Campylobacter jejuni Form Biofilms in Food-Related Environments?

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (17) ◽  
pp. 5154-5160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Huei Teen Teh ◽  
Sui Mae Lee ◽  
Gary A. Dykes
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Atmosphere Temperature

ABSTRACTCampylobacter jejuniis one of the most frequent causes of bacterial gastrointestinal food-borne infection worldwide. This species is part of the normal flora of the gastrointestinal tracts of animals used for food production, including poultry, which is regarded as the primary source of humanCampylobacterinfections. The survival and persistence ofC. jejuniin food processing environments, especially in poultry processing plants, represent significant risk factors that contribute to the spread of this pathogen through the food chain. Compared to other food-borne pathogens,C. jejuniis more fastidious in its growth requirements and is very susceptible to various environmental stressors. Biofilm formation is suggested to play a significant role in the survival ofC. jejuniin the food production and processing environment. The aims of this minireview were (i) to examine the evidence thatC. jejuniforms biofilms and (ii) to establish the extent to which reported and largely laboratory-based studies ofC. jejunibiofilms provide evidence for biofilm formation by this pathogen in food processing environments. Overall existing studies do not provide strong evidence for biofilm formation (as usually defined) by mostC. jejunistrains in food-related environments under the combined conditions of atmosphere, temperature, and shear that they are likely to encounter. Simple attachment to and survival on surfaces and in existing biofilms of other species are far more likely to contribute toC. jejunisurvival in food-related environments based on our current understanding of this species.

scholarly journals Bacillaene Mediates the Inhibitory Effect of Bacillus subtilis on Campylobacter jejuni Biofilms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Erega ◽  
P. Stefanic ◽  
I. Dogsa ◽  
T. Danevčič ◽  
K. Simunovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Natural Isolate ◽  
Abiotic Surfaces ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Novel Applications

Biofilms are the predominant bacterial lifestyle and can protect microorganisms from environmental stresses. Multi-species biofilms can affect the survival of enteric pathogens that contaminate food products, and thus investigating the underlying mechanisms of multi-species biofilms is essential for food safety and human health. In this study, we investigated the ability of the natural isolate Bacillus subtilis PS-216 to restrain Campylobacter jejuni biofilm formation and adhesion to abiotic surfaces as well as to disrupt pre-established C. jejuni biofilms. Using confocal laser scanning microscopy and colony counts, we demonstrate that the presence of B. subtilis PS-216 prevents C. jejuni biofilm formation, decreases growth of the pathogen by 4.2 log10 and disperses 26 h old pre-established C. jejuni biofilms. Furthermore, the co-inoculation of B. subtilis and C. jejuni interferes with the adhesion of C. jejuni to abiotic surfaces reducing it by 2.4 log10. We also show that contact-independent mechanisms contribute to the inhibitory effect of B. subtilis PS-216 on C. jejuni biofilm. Using B. subtilis mutants in genes coding for non-ribosomal peptides and polyketides revealed that bacillaene significantly contributes to the inhibitory effect of B. subtilis PS-216. In summary, we show a strong potential for the use of B. subtilis PS-216 against C. jejuni biofilm formation and adhesion to abiotic surfaces. Our research could bring forward novel applications of B. subtilis in animal production and thus contribute to food safety. IMPORTANCE Campylobacter jejuni is an intestinal commensal in animals (including broiler chickens), but also the most frequent cause of bacterial food-borne infection in humans. This pathogen forms biofilms which mend survival of C. jejuni in food processing and thus threaten human health. Probiotic bacteria represent a potential alternative in the prevention and control of food-borne infections. The beneficial bacterium, Bacillus subtilis has an excellent probiotic potential to reduce C. jejuni in the animal gastrointestinal tract. However, data on the effect of B. subtilis on C. jejuni biofilms are scarce. Our study shows that the B. subtilis natural isolate PS-216 prevents adhesion to the abiotic surfaces and the development of submerged C. jejuni biofilm during co-culture and destroys the pre-established C. jejuni biofilm. These insights are important for development of novel applications of B. subtilis that will reduce the use of antibiotics in human and animal health and increase productivity in animal breeding.

Biofilm Formation and Associated Genes in Listeria Monocytogenes

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Warke ◽  
V. C. Ingle ◽  
N. V. Kurkure ◽  
P. A. Tembhurne ◽  
Minakshi Prasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Serious Infections ◽  
Microtiter Assay

Listeria monocytogenes, an opportunistic food borne pathogen can cause serious infections in immunocompromised individuals. L. monocytogenes is capable of producing biofilm on the surface of food processing lines and instruments.The biofilm transfers contamination to food products and impose risk to public health. In the present study biofilm producing ability of L. monocytogenes isolates were investigated phenotypically and genotypically by microtiter assay and multiplex PCR, respectively. Out of 38 L. monocytogenes isolates 14 were recovered from animal clinical cases, 12 bovine environment and 12 from milk samples. A total of 3 (21.42%) clinical, 2 (16.66%) environment and 3 (25%) milk samples respectively, revealed biofilm production in microtiter assay. Cumulative results showed that 23 (60.52%) out of 38 strains of L. monocytogenes were positive for luxS and flaA gene and 1 (2.63%) was positive only for the flaA gene.

scholarly journals Biofilm Formation by Campylobacter jejuni Is Increased under Aerobic Conditions

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 2122-2128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Reuter ◽  
Arthur Mallett ◽  
Bruce M. Pearson ◽  
Arnoud H. M. van Vliet
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Planktonic Cells ◽  
Aerobic Conditions ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Passive Release ◽  
Bacterial Gastroenteritis ◽  
Microaerobic Conditions ◽  
Developed World

ABSTRACT The microaerophilic human pathogen Campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of food-borne bacterial gastroenteritis in the developed world. During transmission through the food chain and the environment, the organism must survive stressful environmental conditions, particularly high oxygen levels. Biofilm formation has been suggested to play a role in the environmental survival of this organism. In this work we show that C. jejuni NCTC 11168 biofilms developed more rapidly under environmental and food-chain-relevant aerobic conditions (20% O2) than under microaerobic conditions (5% O2, 10% CO2), although final levels of biofilms were comparable after 3 days. Staining of biofilms with Congo red gave results similar to those obtained with the commonly used crystal violet staining. The level of biofilm formation by nonmotile aflagellate strains was lower than that observed for the motile flagellated strain but nonetheless increased under aerobic conditions, suggesting the presence of flagellum-dependent and flagellum-independent mechanisms of biofilm formation in C. jejuni. Moreover, preformed biofilms shed high numbers of viable C. jejuni cells into the culture supernatant independently of the oxygen concentration, suggesting a continuous passive release of cells into the medium rather than a condition-specific active mechanism of dispersal. We conclude that under aerobic or stressful conditions, C. jejuni adapts to a biofilm lifestyle, allowing survival under detrimental conditions, and that such a biofilm can function as a reservoir of viable planktonic cells. The increased level of biofilm formation under aerobic conditions is likely to be an adaptation contributing to the zoonotic lifestyle of C. jejuni.

Attachment and Biofilm Formation by Various Serotypes of Salmonella as Influenced by Cellulose Production and Thin Aggregative Fimbriae Biosynthesis

2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 2473-2479 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUDEEP JAIN ◽  
JINRU CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Luria Bertani ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Cellulose Production ◽  
Processing Equipment ◽  
Abiotic Surfaces ◽  
Glass Surfaces ◽  
Attachment Ability

This study was undertaken to quantify thin aggregative fimbriae and cellulose produced by Salmonella and to evaluate their roles in attachment and biofilm formation on polystyrene and glass surfaces. Thin aggregative fimbriae and cellulose produced by four wild-type and two pairs of Salmonella, representing four different colony morphotypes (rdar: red, dry, and rough; pdar: pink, dry, and rough; bdar: brown, dry, and rough; and saw: smooth and white), were quantified. The ability of the Salmonella cells to attach and form biofilms on the selected surfaces was evaluated in Luria-Bertani (LB) broth with or without salt (0.5%) or glucose (2%) at 28°C during a 7-day period. The cells expressing the rdar or pdar colony morphotypes produced significantly greater amounts of thin aggregative fimbriae and cellulose on LB no salt agar, respectively. The cells expressing the rdar colony morphotype attached in higher numbers and formed more biofilm than did the cells expressing the pdar colony morphotype. The members of the pairs expressing the bdar colony morphotype attached more efficiently and formed more biofilm on the tested surfaces than did their counterparts expressing the saw colony morphotype. These results indicated that thin aggregative fimbriae impart attachment ability to Salmonella and, upon coexpression with cellulose, enhance biofilm formation on certain abiotic surfaces. The knowledge acquired in the study may help develop better cleaning strategies for food processing equipment.

scholarly journals Pilot experiment in chickens challenged with Campylobacter jejuni CCM6191 administered enterocin M-producing probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium CCM8558 to check its protective effect

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 491-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Laukova ◽  
M. Pogany Simonova ◽  
I. Kubasova ◽  
S. Gancarcikova ◽  
I. Placha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Ringer Solution ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Enterocin M ◽  
Campylobacter Spp

Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common food-borne pathogens and chickens are the main source of these bacteria. Enterococcus faecium AL41, enterocin M-producing strain (deponed to the Czech Culture Collection of Microorganisms, Brno, Czech Republic – CCM8558) is our isolate previously applied e.g. in broiler rabbits with beneficial effect. In this study it was used in a 11-day experiment with chickens (1-day-old, breed Cobb 500, n = 40) challenged with C. jejuni. Birds had free access to feed and water; they were randomly divided into four groups per 10 chicks each: control (CG), E. faecium CCM8558 (EG1), CCM8558 + C. jejuni CCM6191 (EG2), CCM6191 (EG3). E. faecium CCM8558 (10<sup>9 </sup>CFU/ml, 200 µl) in Ringer solution was administered daily per os to EG1 and EG2 for 7 days (from day 0–1). EG3 and EG2 were infected individually per os (day 4, CCM6191, 10<sup>8</sup> CFU/ml in Ringer solution, 200 µl). For microbiota evaluation, faecal mixtures (n = 5) were sampled on day 0–1 (1<sup>st</sup> sampling), on day 7 (2<sup>nd</sup> sampling), and on day 11 (3<sup>rd</sup> sampling) (day 7 of CCM8558 application, day 4 post-infection; day 4 of CCM8558 cessation, day 7 post-infection). Five birds from each group were sacrificed. CCM8558 sufficiently colonized chickens. In faeces of EG2 a tendency to reduce Campylobacter spp. (day 7 of application, day 4 of infection) was noted compared to EG2 (day 11, day 4 of cessation, day 7 post-infection; difference 1.21 log cycles), while in EG3 CCM6191 strain was not reduced. Phagocytic activity (PA) values were significantly higher in infected groups compared to CG and EG1. A significant increase in PA was also noted in EG2 and EG3 at the end of experiment compared to CG or EG1. The strain additive did not evoke oxidative stress. Biochemical parameters were influenced to the reference levels.

Pediococcus Acidilactici Inhibit Biofilm Formation of Food-Borne Pathogens on Abiotic Surfaces

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiqian Tan ◽  
Ye Han ◽  
Huazhi Xiao ◽  
Zhijiang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Pediococcus Acidilactici ◽  
Food Borne Pathogens ◽  
Abiotic Surfaces ◽  
Food Borne

scholarly journals Pancreatic Amylase Is an Environmental Signal for Regulation of Biofilm Formation and Host Interaction in Campylobacter jejuni

2015 ◽  
Vol 83 (12) ◽  
pp. 4884-4895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waheed Jowiya ◽  
Katja Brunner ◽  
Sherif Abouelhadid ◽  
Haitham A. Hussain ◽  
Sean P. Nair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Pancreatic Amylase ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Host Interaction ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Epithelial Cell Lines

Campylobacter jejuniis a commensal bacterium in the intestines of animals and birds and a major cause of food-borne gastroenteritis in humans worldwide. Here we show that exposure to pancreatic amylase leads to secretion of an α-dextran byC. jejuniand that a secreted protease, Cj0511, is required. Exposure ofC. jejunito pancreatic amylase promotes biofilm formationin vitro, increases interaction with human epithelial cell lines, increases virulence in theGalleria mellonellainfection model, and promotes colonization of the chicken ileum. We also show that exposure to pancreatic amylase protectsC. jejunifrom stress conditionsin vitro, suggesting that the induced α-dextran may be important during transmission between hosts. This is the first evidence that pancreatic amylase functions as an interkingdom signal in an enteric microorganism.

scholarly journals Transcriptional and translational expression patterns associated with immobilized growth of Campylobacter jejuni

Microbiology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 567-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balamurugan Sampathkumar ◽  
Scott Napper ◽  
Catherine D. Carrillo ◽  
Philip Willson ◽  
Eduardo Taboada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Cell ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Iron Uptake ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Food Borne Illness

Although Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of food-borne illness, little is known about the mechanisms by which this pathogen mediates prolonged environmental survival or host cell virulence. Although these behaviours represent distinct phenotypes, they share a common requirement of an immobilized state. In order to understand the cellular mechanisms that facilitate a surface-associated lifestyle, transcriptional and translational expression profiles were determined for sessile and planktonic C. jejuni. These investigations indicate that the immobilized bacteria undergo a shift in cellular priorities away from metabolic, motility and protein synthesis capabilities towards emphasis on iron uptake, oxidative stress defence and membrane transport. This pattern of expression partially overlaps those reported for Campylobacter during host colonization, as well as for other species of bacteria involved in biofilms, highlighting common adaptive responses to the conserved challenges within each of these phenotypes. The adaptation of Campylobacter to immobilized growth may represent a quasi-differentiated state that functions as a foundation for further specialization towards phenotypes such as biofilm formation or host cell virulence.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial susceptibility in thermophilic Campylobacter species isolated from pigs and chickens in South Africa

2010 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Jonker ◽  
J.A. Picard
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Oral Antibiotics ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Thermophilic Campylobacter ◽  
Campylobacter Spp

Campylobacter jejuni is one of the leading causes of sporadic food-borne bacterial disease in humans. In intensive poultry and pig rearing systems the use of oral antibiotics is essential to maintain health. Consequently, there is a high risk for the thermophilic Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli resident in the intestinal tract of food animals to develop resistance to commonly used antibiotics. Contamination of meat or eggs with pathogenic strains of resistant Campylobacter could, therefore, result in a form of campylobacteriosis in humans that is difficult to treat. The aim of this investigation was to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. isolated from pigs and poultry by the broth microdilution minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test. A total of 482 samples from the Western Cape and Gauteng provinces was collected and analysed. Thirty-eight Campylobacter isolates were obtained. Analysis of data revealed that C. jejuni strains mainly of poultry origin were more resistant to the fluoroquinolones, macrolides and tetracyclines and the C. coli strains were more resistant to the macrolides and lincosamides. Multiresistance was also detected in 4 Campylobacter strains from the Western Cape. With the exception of tetracyclines, strains from high health Gauteng broiler farms were susceptible to antibiotics used to treat Campylobacter infections.

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