scholarly journals Revealing Artists’ Collaboration in a 14th Century Manuscript by Non-Invasive Analyses

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 771
Author(s):  
Michela Perino ◽  
Lucilla Pronti ◽  
Lucrezia Gaia Di Forti ◽  
Martina Romani ◽  
Cecilia Taverna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Lead White ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
14Th Century ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Red Lead

In the last decades, the working methods of late medieval illuminators have been widely discussed by art historians and codicologists. Non-invasive analyses are able to characterise the painting methods of illuminators as well as investigate artistic collaborations among them. The aim of this study was to characterise the painting palettes and techniques of different artists who illuminated two leaves from an early fourteenth century manuscript. The analyses were carried out with non-invasive and portable techniques such as Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (ED-XRF) spectrometry, Fiber Optics Reflectance Spectroscopy (FORS) and Raman spectroscopy. The paper highlights the differences among three rich and varied palettes and examines the pigments ultramarine, azurite, verdigris, earths, orpiment, red lead, vermillion, lead white, yellow lake, indigo, brazilwood and lac, used independently or in mixtures. We have demonstrated the effectiveness of non-invasive analyses as a tool to differentiate hands of artists who have worked on the same page. Furthermore, the comparison with analyses carried out on leaves attributed to the workshop of Pacino di Bonaguida allows to investigate in-depth the production of the main illuminators active in Florence at the dawn of the Renaissance.

scholarly journals Organic Matter and Pigments in the Wall Paintings of Me-Taw-Ya Temple in Bagan Valley, Myanmar

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11441
Author(s):  
Maria Letizia Amadori ◽  
Valeria Mengacci ◽  
Manuela Vagnini ◽  
Antonella Casoli ◽  
Parviz Holakooei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Environmental Scanning ◽  
Wall Paintings ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Ancient City

Pagán is an ancient city located in Myanmar that is renowned for the remains of about 4000 pagodas, stupas, temples and monasteries dating from the 11th to 13th centuries. Due to a magnitude 6.8 earthquake in 2016, more than 300 ancient buildings were seriously damaged. As a part of the post-earthquake emergency program, a diagnostic pilot project was carried out on Me-taw-ya temple wall paintings to acquire further information on the materials and on their state of conservation. This article presents our attempts at characterising the painting materials at Me-taw-ya temple using non-invasive portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF), portable Raman spectroscopy and micro-invasive attenuated total reflectance—Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), micro-Raman spectroscopy (µ-Raman), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), polarized light microscopy (PLM) and environmental scanning electron microscope—X-ray energy dispersive system (ESEM-EDS) investigations with the aim of identifying the composition of organic binders and pigments. The presence of a proteinaceous glue mixed with the lime-based plaster was ascertained and identified by GC-MS. In addition, this technique confirmed the occurrence of plant-derived gums as binders pointing to the a secco technique. Fe-based compounds, vermillion, carbon black and As-compounds were identified to have been incorporated in the palette of the murals.

scholarly journals Identification of Colourants and Varnishes in a 14th Century Decorated Wood-Carved Door of the Dionysiou Monastery in Mount Athos

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1087
Author(s):  
Alexander Konstantas ◽  
Ioannis Karapanagiotis ◽  
Stamatis C. Boyatzis
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Lead White ◽  
14Th Century ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Micro Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Technological Information ◽  
Colour Palette ◽  
Byzantine Period ◽  
Red Lead

A decorated and carved wooden door of the late Byzantine period (14th Century), which belongs to the Dionysiou Monastery in Mount Athos, Greece, constitutes an important relic of valuable technological information due to its construction technology and history. Seventeen (17) samples detached from the door are studied using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX), and micro-Raman and FTIR spectroscopy. The following materials are identified in the cross sections of the door samples using micro-Raman spectroscopy: orpiment, lead white, red lead, red ochre, cinnabar, carbon black, gypsum, anhydrite, and calcite, and an organic colourant of the indigoid family. SEM-EDX studies supported to the aforementioned Raman results. Interestingly, a combination of inorganic and organic colourants was detected. The main goals of this particular study were to: (a) reveal the colour palette and materials, (b) identify the type of varnish and its condition, and (c) contribute to future restoration processes and aid conservators in selecting compatible restoration materials.

scholarly journals Origin of Ultraviolet Luminescence from Bulk ZnO Thin Films Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 135-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Asghar ◽  
Khalid Mahmood ◽  
Adnan Ali ◽  
M.A. Hasan ◽  
I. Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Molecular Beam Epitaxy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Molecular Beam ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Zno Thin Films ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Uv Luminescence

Origin of ultraviolet (UV) luminescence from bulk ZnO has been investigated with the help of photoluminescence (PL) measurements. Thin films of ZnO having 52%, 53% and 54% of Zn-contents were prepared by means of molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). We observed a dominant UV line at 3.28 eV and a visible line centered at 2.5 eV in the PL spectrum performed at room temperature. The intensity of UV line has been found to depend upon the Zn percentage in the ZnO layers. Thereby, we correlate the UV line in our samples with the Zn-interstitials-bound exciton (Zni-X) recombination. The results obtained from, x-ray diffraction, the energy dispersive X-ray spectrum (EDAX) and Raman spectroscopy supported the PL results.

scholarly journals Benzyne-functionalized graphene and graphite characterized by Raman spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis

Carbon ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 192-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor V. Magedov ◽  
Lilia V. Frolova ◽  
Mekan Ovezmyradov ◽  
Donald Bethke ◽  
Eric A. Shaner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Functionalized Graphene ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Study on the Pigments of Chinese Ancient Architectural Colored Drawing in the Altar of Agriculture (Beijing, China) by portable Raman Spectroscopy and Hand-held X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Fengping Wang ◽  
Junjie Ma ◽  
Kang He ◽  
Min Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Architectural Drawings ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chinese Architecture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Red Lead ◽  
Portable Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
First Time ◽  
Beijing China ◽  
Portable Raman

Abstract As a precious treasure in the history of Chinese architecture, Chinese ancient architectural colored drawing is an important cultural heritage. Knowing exactly the pigment composition in the ancient architectural colored drawing is of great significance to understand and protection of the cultural relic. The in-situ measurement was carried out on the pigments used in the ancient architecture colored drawing in the Altar of Agriculture (Beijing, China) for the first time by Portable Raman spectroscopy and hand-held x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. The components of the typical pigments, such as red, green, blue, white and black in the colored drawings were studied by spectral analysis and the relationship between the color and material composition of the pigments, including red lead (Pb3O4), massicot (PbO), carbon black (amorphous C), lead white (PbCO3∙Pb(OH)2), indigo (C16H10N2O2), and atacamite (Cu2(OH)3Cl) were established as well. According to the application history of the pigments and the records of the Altar of Agriculture, these colored drawings could be dated to the Qianlong period. Information about these pigments can help preserve and restore architectural drawings in the Altar of Agriculture (Beijing, China) as well as the architectural colored drawings in other Chinese ancient architecture.

scholarly journals Spectroscopic investigation of two Serbian icons painted on canvas

2015 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 805-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Damjanovic ◽  
Olgica Marjanovic ◽  
Milica Maric-Stojanovic ◽  
Velibor Andric ◽  
Ubavka Mioc
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Lead White ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Micro Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Green Earth ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Different Parts

Multianalytical study of two Serbian icons, ?The Virgin and Child? and ?St. Petka?, painted on canvas by unknown authors was performed in order to identify materials used as pigments, binders and ground layer. Investigated icons belong to the Museum of the Serbian Orthodox Church in Belgrade. Samples, collected from different parts of the icons, were analysed by: optical microscopy (OM), energy dispersive X-Ray fluorescence (EDXRF), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and micro-Raman spectroscopy. Obtained results reveal presence of the following pigments: Prussian blue, ultramarine, green earth, iron oxides, lead white and zinc white. Linseed oil was used as a binder. Materials used for ground layers were gypsum, calcite, baryte and lead white. Gilded surface of the icon ?The Virgin and Child? was made of gold. Gilded surface on the frame of this icon was made of imitation of gold i.e. Schlagmetal, since EDXRF spectroscopy showed presence of copper and zinc, while gold was not detected. Based on style and art historian consideration as well as on obtained results for corresponding pigments and binder both icons were the most probably made at the end of 19th or beginning of the 20th century.

CHARACTERIZING PALEOSOLS BY REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY, RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY, AND X-RAY DIFFRACTION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie A. Connell ◽  
◽  
Edward A. Cloutis ◽  
Daniel M. Applin ◽  
Alexis E. Parkinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray
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