scholarly journals Studies on statistically optimized binary ethosomal gel encapsulated with Carvedilol: Ex-vivo permeation and Pharmacodynamic assessment in male Wistar albino rats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANANDA KUMAR CHETTUPALLI ◽  
Sunil Kumar Thota
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Ex Vivo Permeation ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

scholarly journals PRONIOSOMAL GEL MEDIATED TRANSDERMAL DELIVERY OF GLIBENCLAMIDE AND ATENOLOL COMBINATION: EXVIVO AND PHARMACODYNAMIC STUDIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 242-248
Author(s):  
P. ANITHA ◽  
S. V. SATYANARAYANA
Keyword(s):  
Transdermal Delivery ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Steady State Flux ◽  
Ex Vivo Permeation ◽  
Diabetic Hypertensive Patient ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Objective: The objective of the present work was to develop an optimized dosage form for treating comorbidity in combination and evaluate it for its pharmacodynamic performance in male Wistar albino rats. Methods: Transdermal proniosomal gel for Combination of Glibenclamide (GLB) and Atenolol (ATN) was developed and optimized by Box Behnken design. This optimized combinational proniosomal gel (OCPG), which was selected by a point prediction method, was evaluated for its ex vivo, skin irritation studies and pharmacodynamic activities of both drugs in rats in comparison with its oral therapy. Results: The ex-vivo permeation behavior through different skins was studied and the findings were also confirmed by the values of the steady-state flux (Jss). The OCPG observed an increase of more than twice in the cumulative amount of impregnated drugs compared to pure drug films. The study on skin irritation revealed the non-irritability of the developed OCPG applied. OCPG significantly showed sustained hypoglycemic activity in rats (p<0.001), when compared to orally treat animals up to 24 h. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) lowering effect of OCPG was found to be significant (p<0.02), when compared to orally treat rats up to 24 h. However, the reduction was slow and sustained in the case of OPCG where a significant response was observed in the performed studies. Conclusion: Overall, the results show that controlled release GLB and ATN proniosomes offer a useful and promising transdermal delivery system. Henceforth this may be an achievement in treating the diabetic hypertensive patient.

Hepatoprotective Activity of Calotropis gigantea Root Bark Experimental Liver Damage Induced by D-Galactosamine in Rats

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-286
Author(s):  
Pradeep Deshmukh ◽  
Tanaji Nandgude ◽  
Mahendra Singh Rathode ◽  
Anil Midha ◽  
Nitin Jaiswal
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Calotropis Gigantea ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Experimental Liver ◽  
Hepatoprotective Drug

The suspensions of alcoholic extract of root bark of the plant Calotropis gigantea in 0.6% carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) were evaluated for hepatoprotective activity in Wistar albino rats by inducing hepatic injury with D-galactosamine (400 mg/kg). Alcoholic extract of root bark of the plant Calotropis gigantea at an oral dose of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg exhibited a significant (P<0.001, P<0.01 and P<0.05) protection effect by normalizing the levels of aspartate amino transferase (ASAT/ GOT), alanine amino transferase (ALAT/GPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), which were significantly (P<0.001) increased in rats by treatment with 400 mg/kg i.p. of D-galactosamine. Silymarin (25 mg/kg), a known hepatoprotective drug used for comparison exhibited significant activity (P<0.001).

Effect of Propolis-Supplemented Diet on Body Composition and Endocrine Function of Adipose Tissue

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-221
Author(s):  
Maria Jesús Lisbona-González ◽  
Candela Reyes-Botella ◽  
Esther Muñoz-Soto ◽  
Maria Victoria Olmedo-Gaya, ◽  
Jorge Moreno-Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ and has central role in interaction with other organs or tissues while propolis can induce lipolysis. Therefore, the aim of this study is to provide detailed information about adipose tissue homeostasis modifications and body composition during propolis supplement consumption. Twenty male Wistar albino rats (8 weeks) were divided into two groups of 10 animals each and fed for 90 days with two different types of diets: standard for the control group (diet C) and standard diet + 2% propolis (diet P). Thyroid hormones did not show differences, while ghrelin and adiponectin decreased in the group that was fed propolis. Insulin, leptin, and non-esterified fatty acids also increased along with reduced body weight and fat, in addition to increased lean mass when propolis was in the diet. We conclude that propolis could decrease ghrelin and adiponectin but increase non-esterified fatty acids and insulin secretion, which improves body composition.

Development and Ex-vivo Evaluation of Topiramate Mucoadhesive Nanoparticles for Intranasal Delivery

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 5250-5255
Author(s):  
Ashwin Kumar Tulasi ◽  
Anil Goud Kandhula ◽  
Ravi Krishna Velupula
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Intranasal Administration ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Brain Targeting ◽  
Oral Tablet ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Ex Vivo Permeation

Topiramate is a second-generation antiepileptic drug used in partial, generalized seizures as an oral tablet. Oral route of administration is most convenient but shows delayed absorption. Moreover, in emergency cases, parenteral administration is not possible as it requires medical assistance. Hence, the present study was aimed to develop topiramate mucoadhesive nanoparticles for intranasal administration using ionotropic gelation method. The developed nanoparticles were evaluated for physico-chemical properties like particle size, zeta potential, surface morphology, drug content, entrapment efficiency, in vitro drug release, mucoadhesive strength, and ex vivo permeation studies in excised porcine nasal mucosa. Optimized nanoparticle formulation (T9) was composed oil mucoadhesive agent (Chitosan 1% w/w), cross linking polymer (TPP) and topiramate 275mg, 100mg and 4% respectively. It showed particle size of 350nm, high encapsulation efficacy and strong mucoadhesive strength. In vitro drug diffusion of optimized formulation showed 95.12% release of drug after 180min. Ex-vivo permeation of drug across nasal mucosa was   88.05 % after 180min. Nasocilial toxicity studies showed optimized formulation did not damage the nasal mucosa. Thus, the intranasal administration of topiramate using chitosan can be a promising alternative for brain targeting and the treatment of epilepsy.

Renal Alterations Induced by Chronic Exposure to Therapeutic Doses of Antihypercholestremic Atorvastatin

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Al-Doaiss ◽  
Yazun Jarrar ◽  
Ali Shati ◽  
Mohammad Alfaifi ◽  
Mohammed Al-Kahtani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Albino Rats ◽  
Blood Capillary ◽  
Renal Cells ◽  
Ultrastructural Alterations ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Basement Membrane Thickening ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Myelin Figure ◽  
Therapeutic Doses ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

Background: Atorvastatin (ATOR) is widely used for the treatment and prevention of hypercholesterolemia and various diseases, such as cardiovascular complication, with little data about the histopathological and ultrastructural renal alterations that might be induced by this drug. Objectives: The present study was undertaken to investigate the potential toxicity of therapeutic doses of atorvastatin on the microanatomy and ultrastructure of renal tissues from Wistar albino rats. Methods: Adult male Wistar albino rats received an oral daily dose of 5 mg/kg body weight for 90 consecutive days. Biopsies from both kidneys of each study rat were taken for histopathological and ultrastructural examination. Results: ATOR-treated rats exhibited glomerular, tubular, and interstitial histological alterations, including degeneration, necrosis, hyaline droplets, edema, cortical hemorrhages, mesangial hypercellularity, and blood capillary dilation and congestion. In addition, ATOR exposure increased the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase with a concurrent reduction in proteins and neutral mucosubstances content of the glomeruli and renal cells. Moreover, ATOR-treated animals demonstrated glomerular ultrastructural alterations, consisting mainly of capillary tuft dilatation, glomerular basement membrane thickening, and mesangial cell proliferation. The renal cells of the proximal tubules demonstrated damaged mitochondria, degenerative cellular changes, endoplasmic reticulum dilatation, lysosomal and autophagosome activation, nuclear alteration, myelin figure formation, and microvilli disorganization. Conclusion: The findings of the present work may indicate that ATOR can induce renal histological, histochemical, and ultrastructural alterations that may affect kidney and other vital organ function.

Development, Pre-clinical Investigation and Histopathological Evaluation of Metronidazole Loaded Topical Formulation for Treatment of Skin Inflammatory disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Thakur ◽  
Gurpreet Kaur ◽  
Sheetu Wadhwa ◽  
Ashana Puri
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Inflammatory Disorders ◽  
Rat Paw Edema ◽  
Ex Vivo Permeation ◽  
Permeation Studies ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Metronidazole (MTZ) is an anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agent with beneficial therapeutic properties. The hydrophilic nature of molecule limits its penetration across the skin. Existing commercial formulations have limitations of inadequate drug concentration present at target site, which requires frequent administration and poor patient compliance. Objective: The aim of current study was to develop and evaluate water in oil microemulsion of Metronidazole with higher skin retention for treatment of inflammatory skin disorders. Methods: Pseudo ternary phase diagrams were used in order to select the appropriate ratio of surfactant and co-surfactant and identify the microemulsion area. The selected formulation consisted of Capmul MCM as oil, Tween 20 and Span 20 as surfactant and co-surfactant, respectively, and water. The formulation was characterized and evaluated for stability, Ex vivo permeation studies and in vivo anti-inflammatory effect (carrageenan induced rat paw edema, air pouch model), anti-psoriatic activity (mouse-tail test). Results: The particle size analyses revealed average diameter and polydispersity index of selected formulation to be 16 nm and 0.373, respectively. The results of ex vivo permeation studies showed statistically higher mean cumulative amount of MTZ retained in rat skin from microemulsion i.e. 21.90 ± 1.92 μg/cm2 which was 6.65 times higher as compared to Marketed gel (Metrogyl gel®) with 3.29 ± 0.11 μg/cm2 (p<0.05). The results of in vivo studies suggested the microemulsion based formulation of MTZ to be similar in efficacy to Metrogyl gel®. Conclusion: Research suggests efficacy of the developed MTZ loaded microemulsion in treatment of chronic skin inflammatory disorders.

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