Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oil from Salvia sclarea Plants Regenerated in vitro

Background: The essential oil of methyl eugenol rich Cymbopogon khasianus Hack. was evaluated and its bioactivities were compared with pure methyl eugenol. So far, methyl eugenol rich essential oil of lemongrass was not studied for any biological activities; hence, the present study was conducted. Objective: This study examined the chemical composition of essential oil of methyl eugenol rich Cymbopogon khasianus Hack., and evaluated its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and herbicidal properties and genotoxicity, which were compared with pure compound, methyl eugenol. Material and Methods: Methyl eugenol rich variety of Cymbopogon khasianus Hack., with registration no. INGR18037 (c.v. Jor Lab L-9) was collected from experimental farm CSIR-NEIST, Jorhat, Assam (26.7378°N, 94.1570°E). The essential oil wasobtained by hydro-distillation using a Clevenger apparatus. The chemical composition of the essential oil was evaluated using GC/MS analysis and its antioxidant (DPPH assay, reducing power assay), anti-inflammatory (Egg albumin denaturation assay), and antimicrobial (Disc diffusion assay, MIC) properties, seed germination effect and genotoxicity (Allium cepa assay) were studied and compared with pure Methyl Eugenol compound (ME). Results: Major components detected in the Essential Oil (EO) through Gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy analysis were methyl eugenol (73.17%) and β-myrcene (8.58%). A total of 35components were detected with a total identified area percentage of 98.34%. DPPH assay revealed considerable antioxidant activity of methyl eugenol rich lemongrass essential oil (IC50= 2.263 μg/mL), which is lower than standard ascorbic acid (IC50 2.58 μg/mL), and higher than standard Methyl Eugenol (ME) (IC50 2.253 μg/mL). Methyl eugenol rich lemongrass EO showed IC50 38.00 μg/mL, ME 36.44 μg/mL, and sodium diclofenac 22.76 μg/mL, in in-vitro anti-inflammatory test. Moderate antimicrobial activity towards the 8 tested microbes was shown by methyl eugenol rich lemongrass essential oil whose effectiveness against the microbes was less as compared to pure ME standard. Seed germination assay further revealed the herbicidal properties of methyl eugenol rich essential oil. Moreover, Allium cepa assay revealed moderate genotoxicity of the essential oil. Conclusion: This paper compared the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, genotoxicity and herbicidal activities of methyl eugenol rich lemongrass with pure methyl eugenol. This methyl eugenol rich lemongrass variety can be used as an alternative of methyl eugenol pure compound. Hence, the essential oil of this variety has the potential of developing cost-effective, easily available antioxidative/ antimicrobial drugs but its use should be under the safety range of methyl eugenol and needs further clinical trials.

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Extraction, Chemical Composition, and Anticancer Potential of Origanum onites L. Essential Oil

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24142612 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (14) ◽

pp. 2612 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Katerina Spyridopoulou ◽

Eleni Fitsiou ◽

Eleni Bouloukosta ◽

Angeliki Tiptiri-Kourpeti ◽

Manolis Vamvakias ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Antiproliferative Activity ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Colorectal Cancer Cell Line ◽

Ht 29 ◽

Origanum Onites

Origanum species are plants rich in volatile oils that are mainly used for culinary purposes. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the biological activities of their essential oils. Origanum onites L. is a plant mainly found in Greece, Turkey, and Sicily, whose oil is rich in carvacrol, a highly bioactive phytochemical. The aim of this study was to analyze the chemical composition of Origanum onites essential oil (OOEO), and investigate its potential anticancer effects in vitro and in vivo. GC/MS analysis identified carvacrol as OOEO’s main constituent. In vitro antiproliferative activity was assayed with the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay against human cancer cell lines from four tumor types. HT-29, a colorectal cancer cell line, was the most sensitive to the antiproliferative activity of OOEO. Wound-healing assay and Annexin V-PI staining were employed to investigate the antimigratory and the pro-apoptotic potential of OOEO, respectively, against human (HT-29) and murine (CT26) colon cancer cells. Notably, OOEO attenuated migration and induced apoptosis-related morphological changes in both cell lines. Prophylactic oral administration of the oil in a BALB/c experimental mouse model inhibited the growth of syngeneic CT26 colon tumors. As far as we know, this is the first report on the antitumor potential of orally administered OOEO.

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Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of the Essential Oil from Anredera cordifolia Grown in Brazil

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1400900730 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 1934578X1400900

Author(s):

Lucéia Fátima Souza ◽

Ingrid Bergman Inchausti de Barros ◽

Emilia Mancini ◽

Laura De Martino ◽

Elia Scandolera ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Radicle Growth ◽

Phytotoxic Activity ◽

Oil Hydrocarbons ◽

Raphanus Sativus L ◽

Total Oil

The chemical composition of the essential oil of Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis (Basellaceae), grown in Brazil, was studied by means of GC and GC-MS analysis. In all, 19 compounds were identified, accounting for 91.6% of the total oil; hydrocarbons were the main constituents (67.7%). The essential oil was evaluated for its in vitro potential phytotoxic activity against germination and initial radicle growth of Raphanus sativus L., Sinapis arvensis L., and Phalaris canariensis L. seeds. At 1.25 μg/mL and 0.625 μg/mL, the oil significantly promoted the germination of S. arvensis. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was assayed against ten bacterial strains. The essential oil showed a weak inhibitory activity against the Gram-positive pathogens.

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Chemical Composition of Nardostachys grandiflora Rhizome Oil from Nepal – A Contribution to the Chemotaxonomy and Bioactivity of Nardostachys

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1501000668 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Prabodh Satyal ◽

Bhuwan K. Chhetri ◽

Noura S. Dosoky ◽

Ambika Poudel ◽

William N. Setzer

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Cytotoxic Activity ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Mcf 7

The essential oil from the dried rhizome of Nardostachys grandiflora, collected from Jaljale, Nepal, was obtained in 1.4% yield, and a total of 72 compounds were identified constituting 93.8% of the essential oil. The rhizome essential oil of N. grandiflora was mostly composed of calarene (9.4%), valerena-4,7(11)-diene (7.1%), nardol A (6.0%), 1(10)-aristolen-9-ol (11.6%), jatamansone (7.9%), valeranal (5.6%), and cis-valerinic acid (5.7%). The chemical composition of N. grandiflora rhizome oil from Nepal is qualitatively very different than those from Indian, Chinese, and Pakistani Nardostachys essential oils. In this study we have evaluated the chemical composition and biological activities of N. grandiflora from Nepal. Additionally, 1(10)-aristolen-9-ol was isolated and the structure determined by NMR, and represents the first report of this compound from N. grandiflora. N. grandiflora rhizome oil showed in-vitro antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans (MIC = 156 μg/mL), as well as in-vitro cytotoxic activity on MCF-7 cells.

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Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of the Essential Oil from Artemisia herba-alba Growing Wild in Tunisia

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1300800333 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 1934578X1300800 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ismail Amri ◽

Laura De Martino ◽

Aurelio Marandino ◽

Hamrouni Lamia ◽

Hanana Mohsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Lepidium Sativum ◽

Mediterranean Ecosystem ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Phytotoxic Activity ◽

Main Components

Aromatic plants can interfere in the Mediterranean ecosystem, mainly by the introduction in the environment of volatile compounds. For this reason, we studied the chemical composition and the possible phytotoxic and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil extracted from leaves of Tunisian Artemisia herba-alba Asso. The chemical composition of the essential oil, obtained by hydrodistillation, was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. In all, 24 compounds were identified. The main components were camphor (39.1.%), chrysanthenone (15.0%) and cis-thujone (7.8%). The essential oil was evaluated for its in vitro phytotoxic activity against germination and initial radical growth of Raphanus sativus L., Lepidium sativum L., Sinapis arvensis L., Triticum durum L. and Phalaris canariensis L. seeds. The radicle elongation of the five seeds was affected to different extents by the oil, while germination was not affected. The oil, when tested against eight selected bacterial strains, showed low antimicrobial activity. The chemical composition of the oil of A. herba-alba can help in the chemosystematics of this complex genus. However, the recorded biological activities seem to be neither ecologically nor medicinally significant.

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Essential Oil of Algerian Eryngium campestre: Chemical Variability and Evaluation of Biological Activities

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24142575 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (14) ◽

pp. 2575 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Medbouhi ◽

Benbelaïd ◽

Djabou ◽

Beaufay ◽

Bendahou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Biological Activities ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Strong Activity ◽

Chemical Variability ◽

Main Component

The chemical composition of essential oils extracted from aerial parts of Eryngium campestre collected in 37 localities from Western Algeria was characterized using GC-FID and GC/MS analyses. Altogether, 52 components, which accounted for 70.1 to 86.8% of the total composition oils were identified. The main compounds were Germacrene D (0.4–53.4%), Campestrolide (1.6–35.3%), Germacrene B (0.2–21.5%), Myrcene (0.1–8.4%), α-Cadinol (0.2–7.6%), Spathulenol (0.1–7.6%), Eudesma-4(15)-7-dien-1-β-ol (0.1–7.6%) and τ-Cadinol (0.3–5.5%). The chemical compositions of essential oils obtained from separate organs and during the complete vegetative cycle of the plant were also studied. With the uncommon 17-membered ring lactone named Campestrolide as the main component, Algerian E. campestre essential oils exhibited a remarkable chemical composition. A study of the chemical variability using statistical analysis allowed the discrimination of two main clusters according to the geographical position of samples. The study contributes to the better understanding of the relationship between the plant and its environment. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was assessed against twelve strains bacteria and two yeasts involved in foodborne and nosocomial infections using paper disc diffusion and dilution agar assays. The in vitro study demonstrated a strong activity against Gram-positive strains such as S. aureus, B. cereus, and E. faecalis. The cytotoxicity and antiparasitic activities (on Lmm and Tbb) of the collective essential oil and one sample rich in campestrolide, as well as some enriched fractions or fractions containing other terpenic compounds, were also analyzed. Campestrolide seems to be one compound responsible for the cytotoxic and antileishmanial effect, while myrcene or/and trans-β-farnesene have a more selective antitrypanosomal activity.

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Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of the Essential Oil from Calamintha nepeta Plants from the Wild in Southern Italy

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1300800134 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 1934578X1300800 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Emilia Mancini ◽

Laura De Martino ◽

Hanna Malova ◽

Vincenzo De Feo

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Lepidium Sativum ◽

Campania Region ◽

Phytotoxic Activity ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Main Components ◽

Lepidium Sativum L

The chemical composition of the essential oil from aerial parts of Calamintha nepeta (L.) Savi, collected in the Campania Region, was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. In all, 42 compounds were identified. The oil was characterized by a prevalence of the sesquiterpenic fraction (80.8%). The main components were 1,10-di- epi-cubenol (18.5%), allo-aromadendrene epoxide (11.4%) and cadalene (5.7%). The essential oil was evaluated for its in vitro potential phytotoxic activity against germination and initial radical growth of Raphanus sativus L., Lepidium sativum L., Sinapis arvensis L., Triticum durum L. and Phalaris canariensis L. seeds. The essential oil showed no antioxidant activity.

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Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil and Antimicrobial Properties of Crude Extract From Tanacetum Corymbosum (L.) Shi. Bip.

Chemistry Journal of Moldova ◽

10.19261/cjm.2021.877 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alexandru Ciocarlan ◽

Lucian Lupascu ◽

Aculina Aricu ◽

Ion Dragalin ◽

Nina Ciocarlan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Phytopathogenic Bacteria ◽

Germacrene D

The GC-MS analysis of the essential oil from Tanacetum corymbosum revealed the presence of 38 compounds, including terpenes - germacrene D, (Z)-β-farnesene, g-elemene, β-caryophyllene, aliphatic - palmitic and linoleic fatty acids, fatty alcohol n-octadecanol, higher alkane n-heneicosane as the major constituents. The in vitro antimicrobial assessment of the ethanolic extract showed promising antibacterial/antifungal activities against five Gram-(+), Gram-(-) and phytopathogenic bacteria species and two fungi strains. The data obtained in this study may be useful both for researchers and for producers interested in new or less studied species of medicinal plants in healthcare and their biological activities.

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Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria Improve Growth and Modify Essential Oil in Rose (Rosa hybrida L.) cv. Black Prince

Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems ◽

10.3389/fsufs.2020.606827 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

Author(s):

Neilton Antonio Fiusa Araújo ◽

Rafaela Magalhães Brandão ◽

Beatriz Meireles Barguil ◽

Maria das Graças Cardoso ◽

Moacir Pasqual ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Protease Production ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽

Auxin Production ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Growth Promoting

Rose essential oil is rich in compounds widely used by the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry, due to the biological activities it presents. However, obtaining oil is costly, as the yield per plant is low, which requires several techniques that aim to increase its production. The application of growth-promoting bacteria has been studied for this purpose. Thus, the objective of this work was to select efficient bacteria for production and evaluate their influence on the phytotechnical characteristics and composition of the essential oils of roses. Seven species of bacteria were evaluated for the potential to promote growth in vitro, being tested for nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, protease production and auxin production. From bacteria tested, four were selected and inoculated on rose plants of cultivar Black Prince to evaluate the influence on phytotechnical variables of flower and stem and the oil production. The evaluation of the production of roses was performed through the characteristics of the flowers (size, weight, and diameter of the stem) and floral bud. The essential oils from the inoculated flowers were extracted and evaluated in terms of content, yield, and chemical composition. The application of B. acidiceler, B. subtilis and B. pumilus resulted in flowers with a diameter up to 29% larger. The floral stem was increased by up to 24.5% when B. acidiceler and B. pumilus were used. Meanwhile, the stem diameter was around 41% greater in the presence of B. acidiceler, B. subtilis and in the control. Bacillus pumilus also increased the weight of fresh petals (104%) and essential oil yield (26%), changing the chemical composition of the extracted essential oil. Thus, it is concluded that B. acidiceler, B. pumilus, and B. subtilis improved the phytotechnical characteristics of roses. Among bacteria, B. pumilus increased the essential oil content as well as positively changed the chemical composition of the extracted essential oil.

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Chemical composition and biological activities of essential oils of endemic Thymus leucostomus Hausskn. et Velen

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v49i4.52505 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 957-965

Author(s):

Omer Elkiran ◽

Cumhur Avsar

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

The chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of the essential oils from the leaves of endemic Thymus leucostomus naturally grown in Turkey were investigated and chemical differences were discussed by means of chemotaxonomy. Twenty-six components were identified representing 98.8% of the oils. The main compounds in the essential oil of T. leucostomus were: o-cymene (30.6%), carvacrol (9.6%), thymol methyl ether (7.2%), limonene (6.8%). Essential oil was screened for their antimicrobial activities against 7 bacteria and 2 yeast species by using disc-diffusion and MIC procedure. The essential oil showed higher effectiveness against all the tested bacteria and yeast. The extract was observed to be much more effective in Gram-positive bacteria (especially, S. aureus ATCC 6538). In vitro antioxidant activity based on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical was evaluated for the essential oil, and it was found that the essential oil had good antioxidant activity in the range of the IC50= 5.42 ±0.8 μg/ml.

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