Melatonin Alleviates High Temperature-Induced Pollen Abortion in Solanum lycopersicum

This study investigated the effect of ethylene treatment at high temperatures of 30 to 40 °C for up to 72 hours on subsequent ripening-associated processes in mature green ‘Sunny’ and ‘Agriset 761’ tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum). Compared with ethylene-treated fruit at 20 °C, ethylene exposure at 30 or 35 °C stimulated ripening in terms of ethylene biosynthesis and color development, but the ethylene effect was only apparent after transfer to air at 20 °C. There were no negative effects on ripe tomato quality related to ethylene exposure at 30 or 35 °C. However, ethylene production of tomatoes was permanently impaired by ethylene exposure at 40 °C for 48 or 72 hours even after transferring fruit to air at 20 °C; these fruit exhibited slow softening and color development. Our results suggest that tomatoes perceive ethylene at 30 to 35 °C despite impairment of ripening at those temperatures, with the accelerated ripening response becoming apparent only after transferring the tomatoes to air at lower temperature.

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Difference Between Day and Night Temperatures Affects Stem Elongation in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Seedlings via Regulation of Gibberellin and Auxin Synthesis

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2020.577235 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Kinuka Ohtaka ◽

Akiko Yoshida ◽

Yusuke Kakei ◽

Kosuke Fukui ◽

Mikiko Kojima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Solanum Lycopersicum ◽

Growth Regulation ◽

Stem Elongation ◽

Stem Length ◽

Control Temperature ◽

Tomato Seedlings ◽

Auxin Synthesis ◽

The Difference ◽

C 30

Temperature is a critical environmental factor governing plant growth and development. The difference between day temperature (DT) and night temperature (NT), abbreviated as DIF, influences plant architecture. Subjecting plants to artificial DIF treatments is an effective strategy in ornamental horticulture. For example, negative DIF (when DT – NT < 0) generally inhibits stem elongation, resulting in dwarf plants. However, the mechanisms underlying stem growth regulation by DIF remains to be completely elucidated. In this study, we aimed to analyze the growth, transcriptome, and phytohormone profiles of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedlings grown under different DIF treatments. Under positive DIF (when DT – NT > 0), in contrast to the control temperature (25°C/20°C, DT/NT), high temperature (30°C/25°C) increased stem length and thickness, as well as the number of xylem vessels. Conversely, compared with the positive high temperature DIF treatment (30°C/25°C), under negative DIF treatment (25°C/30°C) stem elongation was inhibited, but stem thickness and the number of xylem vessels were not affected. The negative DIF treatment decreased the expression of gibberellin (GA)-, auxin-, and cell wall-related genes in the epicotyl, as well as the concentrations of GAs and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The expression of these genes and concentrations of these hormones increased under high temperature compared to those under the control temperature positive DIF. Our results suggest that stem length in tomato seedlings is controlled by changes in GA and IAA biosynthesis in response to varying day and night temperatures.

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High Temperature-induced Spindle Destabilization Results in Aborted Pollen Production in Populus

10.21203/rs.3.rs-940050/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zhiqun Li ◽

Yifan Zhao ◽

Xuetong Cheng ◽

Bo Kong ◽

Yaru Sang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Chromosome Segregation ◽

2N Gametes ◽

Male Flower ◽

Pollen Grains ◽

Pollen Abortion ◽

Duration Of Treatment ◽

Male Gametes ◽

Microtubular Cytoskeleton ◽

Spindle Microtubules

Abstract High temperature can induce the production of 2n gametes and aborted pollen during microsporogenesis in Populus canescens. However, the mechanism by which high temperature induces pollen abortion remains unknown. Here, pollen abortion was induced by exposing male flower buds of P. canescens to 38 and 41 °C; pollen morphology, meiotic abnormalities, defects of the meiotic microtubular cytoskeleton, and tapetum development were characterized, and expression analysis of the Actin gene was conducted. We found that the dominant meiotic stage, temperature, and duration of treatment significantly affected the percentage of high temperature-induced aborted pollen. Damaged spindle microtubules and depolymerized microtubular cytoskeletons were observed, which resulted in many lagging chromosomes at anaphase Ⅰ and Ⅱ, as well as aneuploid male gametes and micronuclei, generating aborted pollen grains. Tapetum disintegration was also delayed. However, the anther dehisced normally, and some viable pollen grains were released, suggesting that the delayed degradation of the tapetum was not responsible for pollen abortion. A significant reduction in PtActin gene expression was detected in treated cells, indicating that spindle actin was disrupted. The spindle actin appeared to protect cells against chromosome segregation errors during meiosis.

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Efecto De La Humedad Relativa Y La Temperatura En La Aplicacion De Insecticidas Organofosforados Y Carbamatos E Impacto En La Colinesterasa De Agro Productores De Tomate (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) En La Localidad De “San Luis, Chimborazo, Ecuador

European Scientific Journal ESJ ◽

10.19044/esj.2018.v14n24p204 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (24) ◽

pp. 204

Author(s):

Lindao Córdova V. A. ◽

Jave Nakayo J. L. ◽

Retuerto Figueroa M. G. ◽

Ramos Sevilla E. I. ◽

Jinez Llangari P. A.

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Relative Humidity ◽

Correlation Analysis ◽

Solanum Lycopersicum ◽

Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽

San Luis ◽

Carbamate Insecticides ◽

Kinetic Spectrophotometric ◽

One Year ◽

The One

This research aimed to determine the effect of relative humidity and temperature in the application of organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides and impact on the colinesterasa of tomato agro producers (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in the location of" San Luis, Chimborazo, Ecuador.The technique used was spectrophotometry. The cholinesterase test was performed on the one hundred and seventy patients of the five communities exposed between one year and more than ten years, in the handling and application of organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides. The method used was kinetic-spectrophotometric (405 nm at 37 ° C). Through the Kruskal Wallis test and the regression and correlation analysis it was determined the significance and the level of correlation and determination between the variables under study and their effect on cholinesterase levels. Concluding that the applications of the organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides under greenhouse with low relative humidity and high temperature, accompanied by the lack of precautions in the management of the crop, contribute to the decrease of the cholinesterase level of the agro producers.

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