scholarly journals Separation, Identification, and Antioxidant Activity of Polyphenols from Lotus Seed Epicarp

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (21) ◽  
pp. 4007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhili Ma ◽  
Yi Huang ◽  
Wen Huang ◽  
Xi Feng ◽  
Fang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Food Additive ◽  
Polyphenol Compounds ◽  
Lotus Seed ◽  
Seed Processing ◽  
Fraction I ◽  
Potential Food ◽  
Tof Ms

Lotus seed epicarp, the main by-product of lotus seed processing, is abundant in polyphenols. In this study, polyphenols in lotus seed epicarp were separated by Sephadex LH-20 gel filtration chromatography to yield Fraction-I (F-I), Fraction-II (F-II), and Fraction-III (F-III). The polyphenol compounds in the three fractions were identified by UPLC-MI-TOF-MS. Six kinds of polyphenol compounds including cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, procyanidin trimer, and phlorizin were identified in F-I, and prodelphinidin dimer B, procyanidin dimer, and quercetin hexoside isomer were found in F-II. However, there was only procyanidin dimer identified in F-III. The in vitro antioxidant activities of the three fractions were also investigated. We found F-I, F-II, and F-III had strong potential antioxidant activities in the order of F-III > F-II > F-I. Our results suggested that polyphenols from lotus seed epicarp might be suitable for use as a potential food additive.

Isolation and identification of antioxidant peptides derived from whey protein enzymatic hydrolysate by consecutive chromatography and Q-TOF MS

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiu-Xiang Zhang ◽  
Hui Wu ◽  
Yu-Fang Ling ◽  
Rong-Rong Lu
Keyword(s):  
Whey Protein ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Peptides ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Tof Ms

To isolate and identify antioxidant peptides from enzymatically hydrolysed whey protein, whey protein isolate was hydrolysed by different protease (trypsin, pepsin, alcalase 2·4L, promatex, flavourzyme, protease N). The hydrolysate generated by alcalase 2·4L had the highest antioxidant activities on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, superoxide radicals and in a linoleic acid peroxidation system induced by Fe2+. The IC50 values of DPPH and superoxide radical scavenging activities of the hydrolysate decreased significantly (6·89 and 38·88%, respectively) after treatment with macroporous adsorption resin. Seven different peptides showing strong antioxidant activities were isolated from the hydrolysate using consecutive chromatographic methods including gel filtration chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. The molecular mass and amino acids sequences of the purified peptides were determined using a Quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (Q-TOF MS). One of the antioxidative peptides, Trp–Tyr–Ser–Leu, displayed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50=273·63 μm) and superoxide radical scavenging activity (IC50=558·42 μm). These results suggest that hydrolysates from whey proteins are good potential source of natural antioxidants.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Activities of Bay, Pandan, Citrus Leaves and Their Combination in Vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 833-841
Author(s):  
Samsu U. Nurdin ◽  
Devi Sabarina ◽  
Subeki Subeki ◽  
Sussi Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Enzyme Inhibition ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Polyphenol Compounds ◽  
Citrus Leaves

The study aimed to evaluate the effects of bay (B), pandan (P), citrus leaves (C) and their combinations against starch hydrolysis enzymes (α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes) and antioxidant activity and to examine the role of polyphenol compounds in enzyme inhibition and antioxidant activity. Three single leaves extracts and five of their combinations were applied to inhibit α-glucosidase hydrolyzing p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranosyde or α-amylase hydrolyzing starch solution as well as to scavenge free radicals. The leaf extracts and their combination showed inhibition activities against α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes with range of inhibition activities were between 17.63% to 26.04% and 20.14% to 35.30% respectively. There is no significantly differ among the extracts in modulation of α-glucosidase activity, but each extract exhibited different effect on α-amylase or antioxidant activities. Mixing P with B and C increases the inhibitory activity of the extract against α-amylase as seen that percent of inhibition of BPC is significantly higher than P, eventhough their total phenolic content was not different. The synergism or antagonism effect was not observed when the extracts were combined as the enzyme inhibition or antioxidant activities are not depend on the proportion of the extract in the mixtures. The role of polyphenol compounds on inhibition of the starch digestion enzymes and on antioxidant activity was not observed. Further study is required to fully elucidate the effect of the leaf or their combinations on diabetic animal models or diabetic patients.

scholarly journals Preparation and Identification of Antioxidative Peptides from Pacific Herring (Clupea pallasii) Protein

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueqin Wang ◽  
Huahua Yu ◽  
Ronge Xing ◽  
Song Liu ◽  
Xiaolin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Pacific Herring ◽  
Antioxidant Peptides ◽  
Cellular Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Clupea Pallasii ◽  
Ic50 Values

The aim of this study was to isolate and purify antioxidative peptides from Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) protein. Five enzymes (pepsin, trypsin, papain, flavourzyme, and neutrase) were used for protein hydrolysis, and Pacific herring protein hydrolysates (PHPH) were separated by ultrafiltration. The fraction with the molecular weight below 3500 Da exhibited the highest in vitro antioxidant activities and cellular antioxidant activity. The PHPH was isolated and purified by consecutive chromatographic methods including gel filtration chromatography and reverse high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The purified antioxidant peptides were identified as Leu-His-Asp-Glu-Leu-Thr (MW = 726.35 Da) and Lys-Glu-Glu-Lys-Phe-Glu (MW = 808.40 Da), and the IC50 values of cellular antioxidant activity were 1.19 ± 0.05 mg/mL and 1.04 ± 0.06 mg/mL. The results demonstrate that is possible to produce natural antioxidative peptides from Pacific herring protein via enzymatic hydrolysis and purification.

scholarly journals Optimization of antioxidative peptides from mackerel (Pneumatophorus japonicus) viscera

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueqin Wang ◽  
Huahua Yu ◽  
Ronge Xing ◽  
Xiaolin Chen ◽  
Song Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Inhibit Lipid Peroxidation

Mackerel (Pneumatophorus japonicus) viscera contain large amount of protein. We used five proteases to hydrolyze the viscera, and the hydrolysate treated by neutrase exhibited the highest nitrogen recovery (NR). Then we optimized the preparation conditions for mackerel viscera hydrolysate (MVH) by response surface methodology and investigated the antioxidant activity of MVH. The optimal conditions were as follows: enzyme concentration of 1,762.87 U/g, pH of 6.76, temperature of 43.75 °C, extraction time of 6.0 h and water/material ratio of 20.37 (v/w), and the maximum NR was 37.84%. Furthermore, the molecular weight distribution of MVH was almost below 3,000 Da determined by TSK G2000 SWXL gel filtration chromatography, and the MVH exhibited good antioxidant activities in various in vitro assays, including DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical and superoxide anion scavenging activities, reducing power and similar effectivelness as butylated hydroxytoluene and Vitamin E to inhibit lipid peroxidation. The results suggested that MVH could be used as a potential source of antioxidant peptide in food industries.

scholarly journals Increasing Antiradical Activity of Polyphenols from Lotus Seed Epicarp by Probiotic Bacteria Bioconversion

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Liu ◽  
Xuekuan Hui ◽  
Salam Ibrahim ◽  
Wen Huang
Keyword(s):  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Antiradical Activity ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Polyphenol Compounds ◽  
Bifidobacterium Breve ◽  
Lotus Seed ◽  
De Man

Probiotic bacteria is able to metabolize polyphenols and produce functional compounds. In this study, we investigated the ability of probiotic bacteria including Lactobacillus, bifidobacteria and Enterococcus strains to increase the antioxidant capacity of polyphenols from lotus seed epicarp (PLSE) at full ripening stage. The results showed that the six selected strains of probiotic bacteria grew well in De Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) broth with PLSE, and their resistant extent to PLSE varied from strain to strain. The metabolized PLSE was found to have good antioxidant properties on 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS+) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radicals in vitro. Five polyphenol compounds—chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, catechin, epicatechin and hyperoside—were suggested as the major bioactive metabolism for the antiradical activity of PLSE metabolized by Lactobacillus reuteri DSM20016, Enterococcus faecalis M74 and Bifidobacterium breve ATCC 15701. Moreover, L. reuteri DSM20016 and E. faecalis M74 were found to have a high PLSE bioconversion rate. Our results suggested that both L. reuteri DSM20016 and E. faecalis M74 might have excellent potential for the bioconversion of PLSE to increase its antiradical activity.

scholarly journals Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) Sprouts as the Potential Food Source for Bioactive Properties: A Comprehensive Study on In Vitro Disease Models

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanh Ninh Le ◽  
Hong Quang Luong ◽  
Hsin-Ping Li ◽  
Chiu-Hsia Chiu ◽  
Pao-Chuan Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Carcinoma Cells ◽  
Broccoli Sprouts ◽  
Potential Food Source ◽  
Potential Food

Broccoli sprouts are an excellent source of health-promoting phytochemicals such as vitamins, glucosinolates, and phenolics. The study aimed to investigate in vitro antioxidant, antiproliferative, apoptotic, and antibacterial activities of broccoli sprouts. Five-day-old sprouts extracted by 70% ethanol showed significant antioxidant activities, analyzed to be 68.8 μmol Trolox equivalent (TE)/g dry weight by 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic (ABTS) assay, 91% scavenging by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, 1.81 absorbance by reducing power assay, and high phenolic contents by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Thereafter, sprout extract indicated considerable antiproliferative activities towards A549 (lung carcinoma cells), HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma cells), and Caco-2 (colorectal adenocarcinoma cells) using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, with IC50 values of 0.117, 0.168 and 0.189 mg/mL for 48 h, respectively. Furthermore, flow cytometry confirmed that Caco-2 cells underwent apoptosis by an increase of cell percentage in subG1 phase to 31.3%, and a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential to 19.3% after 48 h of treatment. Afterward, the extract exhibited notable antibacterial capacities against Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella Typhimurium with minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) values of 0.39 and 0.78 mg/mL, appropriately, along with abilities against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with an MIC value of 1.56 mg/mL. Thus, broccoli sprouts were confirmed as a potential food source for consumers’ selection and functional food industry.

CALCITONIN HETEROGENEITY IN LUNG CANCER AND MEDULLARY THYROID CANCER

1978 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth L. Becker ◽  
Richard H. Snider ◽  
Omega L. Silva ◽  
Charles F. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Medullary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Serum Calcitonin ◽  
Medullary Thyroid ◽  
Fraction I ◽  
Bronchogenic Cancer

ABSTRACT An investigation was made of the increased serum calcitonin in patients with medullary thyroid cancer and bronchogenic carcinoma in order to determine whether these conditions can be differentiated immunochemically. Endogenous fractions of immunoreactive calcitonin were separated by gel filtration and radioimmunoassayed with calcitonin antibodies having different region specificities. The pattern of serum heterogeneity of patients with medullary thyroid cancer was characterized by the presence of at least seven different fractions of immunoreactive calcitonin, ranging from fraction I (≧ 30 000 molecular weight (MW)) to fraction V (~ 2500 MW). In contrast, most patients with bronchogenic cancer had a predominance of high MW fractions (i. e. fractions I and II A). Following in vitro incubation of the serum, the typical large MW pattern of bronchogenic cancer serum could be converted to the more diffuse pattern seen in the serum of medullary thyroid cancer. We were able to differentiate, pre-operatively, the hypercalcitonaemia serum of medullary thyroid cancer patients from that of bronchogenic cancer patients by determination of the ratio of calcitonin as radioimmunoassayed with midportion versus carboxyl terminal antibody.

Peptide nature of two mosquito natriuretic factors

1986 ◽  
Vol 250 (3) ◽  
pp. R328-R332 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Petzel ◽  
H. H. Hagedorn ◽  
K. W. Beyenbach
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Fluid Secretion ◽  
Malpighian Tubules ◽  
Peptide Bonds ◽  
Polar Low ◽  
Transepithelial Voltage ◽  
Fraction I

High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) of saline extracts of Aedes aegypti heads yields three fractions (from a total of 108) that affect transepithelial voltage and/or fluid secretion in isolated Aedes Malpighian tubules. In this study we investigated the physical and chemical nature of the active materials in these fractions. Gel-filtration chromatography revealed that the molecular weights of the three fractions were between 1,900 and 2,700. To test their thermostability the fractions were repeatedly frozen and thawed over a period of 110 days without loss of biological activity. Boiling at 100 degrees C for 5 min failed to significantly reduce their biological effects in isolated Malpighian tubules. In contrast, treatment with the proteolytic enzyme mixture, pronase, destroyed activity in all three. Fraction I no longer depolarized the transepithelial voltage of in vitro perfused Malpighian tubules, and fractions II and III completely lost their ability to stimulate fluid secretion and to affect transepithelial voltage. We conclude that our HPLC isolation yields a heterogeneous group of three polar low-molecular weight peptides. Expression of their biological activities in Malpighian tubules depends on intact peptide bonds.

scholarly journals The effect of some endogenic substances contained in the cortical parenchyma of apple trees on growth in vitro of the fungus Phytophthora cactorum (Leb. of Cohn) Schroeter

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bielenin ◽  
J. Cimanowski ◽  
J. Nowacki
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Phytophthora Cactorum ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Alkaline Extract ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Cortical Parenchyma ◽  
Fraction I

Gel filtration of an alkaline extract of the cortical parenchyma yielded four fractions of which two had activity <i>in vitro</i> on the growth of <i>Phytophthora cactorum</i>. Fraction I was stimulatory and fraction IV inhibitory; one of the inhibitors in fraction IV was identified as phloridzin. When the extraction solvent contained sodium sulphite in addition to sodium hydroxide, fraction II showed inhibitory activity.

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