scholarly journals Nuphar lutea Extracts Exhibit Anti-Viral Activity against the Measles Virus

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1657
Author(s):  
Hila Winer ◽  
Janet Ozer ◽  
Yonat Shemer ◽  
Irit Reichenstein ◽  
Brit Eilam-Frenkel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measles Virus ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Virus Infectivity ◽  
Water Lily ◽  
African Green Monkey Kidney ◽  
Viral Rnas ◽  
Nuphar Lutea ◽  
Infected Cells

Different parts of Nuphar lutea L. (yellow water lily) have been used to treat several inflammatory and pathogen-related diseases. It has shown that Nuphar lutea extracts (NUP) are active against various pathogens including bacteria, fungi, and leishmanial parasites. In an effort to detect novel therapeutic agents against negative-stranded RNA (- RNA) viruses, we have tested the effect of a partially-purified alkaloid mixture of Nuphar lutea leaves on the measles virus (MV). The MV vaccine’s Edmonston strain was used to acutely or persistently infect cells. The levels of several MV proteins were detected by a Western blot and immunocytochemistry. Viral RNAs were quantitated by qRT-PCR. Virus infectivity was monitored by infecting African green monkey kidney VERO cells’ monolayers. We showed that NUP protected cells from acute infection. Decreases in the MV P-, N-, and V-proteins were observed in persistently infected cells and the amount of infective virus released was reduced as compared to untreated cells. By examining viral RNAs, we suggest that NUP acts at the post-transcriptional level. We conclude, as a proof of concept, that NUP has anti-viral therapeutic activity against the MV. Future studies will determine the mechanism of action and the effect of NUP on other related viruses.

scholarly journals Volume and surface changes in vero cell and its nucleus after infection with measles virus: a stereological study

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Ali Noorafshan ◽  
Mohammad Motamedifar ◽  
Saied Karbalay-Doust
Keyword(s):  
Vero Cell ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Measles Virus ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Uninfected Control ◽  
Mean Cell Volume ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
The Mean

Measles virus has no or indistinctive cytopathic effects (CPE) in cell couture system. Employment of some detecting methods like plaque assay or stereologic experiments, as a method of detecting of viral infection in the cells would be applicable. The aim of this study was investigating the early changes in quantitative parameters of measles virus infected Vero cells. Stereological methods using invariator, were applied for the first time to estimate cell and nucleus volume and cell surface of the infected Vero cell line with the measles virus.This method can be applied on other cultured cells.Vero cells grown in tissue culture plates for 48 hours at 36˚C were infected with 100TCID50 of AiK strain of measles virus. Volume and surface of the infected Vero cells were studied at 4, 9 and 25 hours post infection along with uninfected control cells. The mean cell volume and surface of the cells infected with measles virus, increased ~87% and ~50%, respectively, 4 hours post-infection, as compared with the uninfected control. The nuclei did not show any differences. The mean parameters of infected cells in other time intervals showed no significant difference comparing with the control cells. Although there are other specific methods, stereology may be used as an integrated protocol to detect cytophatic changes of the measles virus infected cells early in the permissive cell culture system.

scholarly journals Molecular cloning of membrane cofactor protein (MCP; CD46) on B95a cell, an Epstein–Barr virus-transformed marmoset B cell line: B95a-MCP is susceptible to infection by the CAM, but not the Nagahata strain of the measles virus

1998 ◽  
Vol 330 (3) ◽  
pp. 1351-1359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke MURAKAMI ◽  
Tsukasa SEYA ◽  
Mitsue KURITA ◽  
Aya FUKUI ◽  
Shigeharu UEDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Measles Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Membrane Cofactor Protein ◽  
High Susceptibility ◽  
African Green Monkey Kidney ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr

Measles virus (MV) infects not only human beings but also some simian species. The MV receptor on Vero cells (a cell line established from African Green monkey kidney cells) and human cells has been shown to be the membrane cofactor protein MCP/CD46, which is an inhibitor of autologous complement (C) activation. B95a, an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed marmoset B cell line, is a simian cell line used for MV selection and is much more susceptible to MV than Vero cells. In the present study, we isolated cDNAs encoding MCP homologues from B95a cDNA library and assessed whether B95a-MCP is responsible for the high susceptibility of B95a to MV. The deduced amino acid sequence of the cDNA of B95a-MCP was 76% identical to that of human-MCP, and the recombinant B95a-MCP exerts C inhibitor activity. Although CAM, a vaccine strain of MV, infected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells expressing B95a-MCP, Nagahata strain, a wild type of MV, failed to infect the CHO transfectants, suggesting that additional membrane molecules of B95a are responsible for the high susceptibility of B95a to the Nagahata strain.

scholarly journals Junín virus infection impairs stress-granule formation in Vero cells treated with arsenite via inhibition of eIF2α phosphorylation

2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (12) ◽  
pp. 2889-2899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florencia N. Linero ◽  
María G. Thomas ◽  
Graciela L. Boccaccio ◽  
Luis A. Scolaro
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Protein Translation ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Cellular Stress Response ◽  
Protein Z ◽  
Granule Formation ◽  
Eif2α Phosphorylation ◽  
Infected Cells

Stress granules (SGs) are ephemeral cytoplasmic aggregates containing stalled translation preinitiation complexes involved in mRNA storage and triage during the cellular stress response. SG formation is triggered by the phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eIF2 (eIF2α), which provokes a dramatic blockage of protein translation. Our results demonstrate that acute infection of Vero cells with the arenavirus Junín (JUNV), aetiological agent of Argentine haemorrhagic fever, does not induce the formation of SGs. Moreover, JUNV negatively modulates SG formation in infected cells stressed with arsenite, and this inhibition correlates with low levels of eIF2α phosphorylation. Transient expression of JUNV nucleoprotein (N) or the glycoprotein precursor (GPC), but not of the matrix protein (Z), inhibits SG formation in a similar manner, comparable to infectious virus. Expression of N and GPC also impaired eIF2α phosphorylation triggered by arsenite. A moderate inhibition of SG formation was also observed when DTT and thapsigargin were employed as stress inducers. In contrast, no inhibition was observed when infected cells were treated with hippuristanol, a translational inhibitor and inducer of SGs that bypasses the requirement for eIF2α phosphorylation. Finally, we analysed SG formation in persistently JUNV-infected cells, where N and GPC are virtually absent and truncated N products are expressed abundantly. We found that persistently infected cells show a quite normal response to arsenite, with SG formation comparable to that of uninfected cells. This suggests that the presence of GPC and/or N is crucial to control the stress response upon JUNV infection of Vero cells.

Study of transcription in measles virus-infected Vero cells using cDNA probes prepared from poly(A)RNA from uninfected and infected cells

Apmis ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 99 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
KARL-H. KALLAND ◽  
MAY BRITT KALVENES ◽  
ANNE MARGRETE ØYAN ◽  
GUNNAR HAUKENES
Keyword(s):  
Measles Virus ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Infected Cells

scholarly journals Coronavirus induction of class I major histocompatibility complex expression in murine astrocytes is virus strain specific.

1994 ◽  
Vol 180 (3) ◽  
pp. 1013-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Gilmore ◽  
J Correale ◽  
L P Weiner
Keyword(s):  
Acute Infection ◽  
Demyelinating Diseases ◽  
Class I ◽  
Virus Infectivity ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
The Individual

Neurotropic strains of mouse hepatitis viruses (MHV) such as MHV-A59 (A59) and MHV-4 (JHMV) cause acute and chronic encephalomyelitis and demyelination in susceptible strains of mice and rats. They are widely used as models of human demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), in which immune mechanisms are thought to participate in the development of lesions in the central nervous system (CNS). The effects of MHV infection on target cell functions in the CNS are not well understood, but A59 has been shown to induce the expression of MHC class I molecules in glial cells after in vivo and in vitro infection. Changes in class I expression in infected cells may contribute to the immunopathogenesis of MHV infection in the CNS. In this communication, a large panel of MHV strains was tested for their ability to stimulate class I expression in primary astrocytes in vitro. The data show that the more hepatotropic strains, such as MHV-A59, MHV-1, MHV-2, MHV-3, MHV-D, MHV-K, and MHV-NuU, were potent inducers of class I expression in astrocytes during acute infection, measured by radioimmunoassay. The Kb molecule was preferentially expressed over Db. By contrast, JHMV and several viral strains derived from it did not stimulate the expression of class I molecules. Assays of virus infectivity indicated that the class I-inducing activity did not correlate with the ability of the individual viral strain to replicate in astrocytes. However, exposure of the viruses or the supernatants from infected astrocytes to ultraviolet light abolished the class I-inducing activity, indicating that infectious virus is required for class I expression. These data also suggest that class I expression was induced directly by virus infection, and not by the secretion of a soluble substance into the medium by infected astrocytes. Finally, analyses of A59/JHMV recombinant viral strains suggest that class I-inducing activity resides in one of the A59 structural genes.

Studies of a Defective Measles Virus

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 208-209
Author(s):  
R. M. McCombs ◽  
M. Benyesh-Melnick ◽  
J. P. Brunschwig
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Measles Virus ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Helical Structures ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Extracellular Virus ◽  
Culture Cells ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Eosinophilic Inclusions

Measles virus is an agent that is capable of replicating in a number of different culture cells and generally causes the formation of multinucleated giant cells. As a result of infection, virus is released from the cells into the culture fluids and reinfection can be initiated by this cell-free virus. The extracellular virus has been examined by negative staining with phosphotungstic acid and has been shown to be a rather pleomorphic particle with a diameter of about 140 mμ. However, no such virus particles have been detected in thin sections of the infected cells. Rather, the only virus-induced structures present in the giant cells are eosinophilic inclusions (intracytoplasmic or intranuclear). These inclusion bodies have been shown to contain helical structures, resembling the nucleocapsid observed in negatively stained preparations.

Infective substructures of measles virus from acutely and persistently infected cells.

1979 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 329-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Rozenblatt ◽  
T Koch ◽  
O Pinhasi ◽  
S Bratosin
Keyword(s):  
Measles Virus ◽  
Persistently Infected ◽  
Infected Cells

Receptor (CD46) modulation and complement-mediated lysis of uninfected cells after contact with measles virus-infected cells.

1996 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Schneider-Schaulies ◽  
J J Schnorr ◽  
J Schlender ◽  
L M Dunster ◽  
S Schneider-Schaulies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measles Virus ◽  
Infected Cells

scholarly journals Dicer is involved in protection against influenza A virus infection

2007 ◽  
Vol 88 (10) ◽  
pp. 2627-2635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey A. Matskevich ◽  
Karin Moelling
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Virus Production ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Antiviral Response ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Influenza A Virus Infection

In mammals the interferon (IFN) system is a central innate antiviral defence mechanism, while the involvement of RNA interference (RNAi) in antiviral response against RNA viruses is uncertain. Here, we tested whether RNAi is involved in the antiviral response in mammalian cells. To investigate the role of RNAi in influenza A virus-infected cells in the absence of IFN, we used Vero cells that lack IFN-α and IFN-β genes. Our results demonstrate that knockdown of a key RNAi component, Dicer, led to a modest increase of virus production and accelerated apoptosis of influenza A virus-infected cells. These effects were much weaker in the presence of IFN. The results also show that in both Vero cells and the IFN-producing alveolar epithelial A549 cell line influenza A virus targets Dicer at mRNA and protein levels. Thus, RNAi is involved in antiviral response, and Dicer is important for protection against influenza A virus infection.

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