scholarly journals Influence of Carboxylate Anions on Phase Behavior of Choline Ionic Liquid Mixtures

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Elhi ◽  
Mikhail Gantman ◽  
Gunnar Nurk ◽  
Peter S. Schulz ◽  
Peter Wasserscheid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Melting Point Depression ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
Thermal Stabilities ◽  
Application Range ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Eutectic Mixtures ◽  
Carboxylate Anions ◽  
Pure Compounds

Mixing ionic liquids is a suitable strategy to tailor properties, e.g., to reduce melting points. The present study aims to widen the application range of low-toxic choline-based ionic liquids by studying eight binary phase diagrams of six different choline carboxylates. Five of them show eutectic points with melting points dropping by 13 to 45 °C. The eutectic mixtures of choline acetate and choline 2-methylbutarate were found to melt at 45 °C, which represents a remarkable melting point depression compared to the pure compounds with melting points of 81 (choline acetate) and 90 °C (choline 2-methylbutarate), respectively. Besides melting points, the thermal stabilities of the choline salt mixtures were investigated to define the thermal operation range for potential practical applications of these mixtures. Typical decomposition temperatures were found between 165 and 207 °C, with choline lactate exhibiting the highest thermal stability.

scholarly journals Anticrystal Engineering of Ketoprofen and Ester Local Anesthetics: Ionic Liquids or Deep Eutectic Mixtures?

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Umerska ◽  
Klaudia Bialek ◽  
Julija Zotova ◽  
Marcin Skotnicki ◽  
Lidia Tajber
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Supercooled Liquids ◽  
Glass Forming Ability ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Glass Forming ◽  
Eutectic Mixtures ◽  
Carboxylate Anions ◽  
Quench Cooling ◽  
Crystallization Tendency ◽  
Low Solubility

Ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic mixtures (DEMs) are potential solutions to the problems of low solubility, polymorphism, and low bioavailability of drugs. The aim of this work was to develop and investigate ketoprofen (KET)-based ILs/DEMs containing an ester local anesthetic (LA): benzocaine (BEN), procaine (PRO) and tetracaine (TET) as the second component. ILs/DEMs were prepared via a mechanosynthetic process that involved the mixing of KET with an LA in a range of molar ratios and applying a thermal treatment. After heating above the melting point and quench cooling, the formation of supercooled liquids with Tgs that were dependent on the composition was observed for all KET-LA mixtures with exception of that containing 95 mol% of BEN. The KET-LA mixtures containing either ≥ 60 mol% BEN or 95 mol% of TET showed crystallization to BEN and TET, respectively, during either cooling or second heating. KET decreased the crystallization tendency of BEN and TET and increased their glass-forming ability. The KET-PRO systems showed good glass-forming ability and did not crystallize either during the cooling or during the second heating cycle irrespective of the composition. Infrared spectroscopy and molecular modeling indicated that KET and LAs formed DEMs, but in the KET-PRO systems small quantities of carboxylate anions were present.

Green Chemistry and Green Solvents: An Overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-325
Author(s):  
Barla Karuna Devi ◽  
Swathi Naraparaju ◽  
Chaganti Soujanya ◽  
Sayan Dutta Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Eutectic Mixtures ◽  
Organic Carbonates

: Green chemistry emphasizes designing novel routes to overcome health and environmental problems that occur during a chemical reaction. Green solvents are used in place of conventional solvents that are hazardous to both human and the environment. Solvents like water, ionic liquids, supercritical CO2, biosolvents, organic carbonates, and deep eutectic mixtures can be used as green solvents. The review focuses on the properties, applications, and limitations of these solvents.

scholarly journals Synthesis, antibiotic structure–activity relationships, and cellulose dissolution studies of new room-temperature ionic liquids derived from lignin

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shihong Liu ◽  
Michael Gonzalez ◽  
Celine Kong ◽  
Scott Weir ◽  
Aaron M. Socha
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Cellulose Dissolution ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Alkyl Chains ◽  
Renewable Feedstocks ◽  
Commodity Chemicals

Abstract Background Ionic liquids (ILs) are promising pretreatment solvents for lignocellulosic biomass, but are largely prepared from petroleum precursors. Benzaldehydes from depolymerized lignin, such as vanillin, syringaldehyde, and 4-methoxy benzaldehyde, represent renewable feedstocks for the synthesis of ionic liquids. We herein report syntheses of novel lignin-derived ionic liquids, with extended N-alkyl chains, and examine their melting points, cellulose dissolution capacities, and toxicity profiles against Daphnia magna and E. coli strain 1A1. The latter organism has been engineered to produce isoprenol, a drop-in biofuel and precursor for commodity chemicals. Results The new N,N-diethyl and N,N-dipropyl methyl benzylammonium ILs were liquids at room temperature, showing 75–100 °C decreased melting points as compared to their N,N,N-trimethyl benzylammonium analog. Extension of N-alkyl chains also increased antibacterial activity threefold, while ionic liquids prepared from vanillin showed 2- to 4-fold lower toxicity as compared to those prepared from syringaldehyde and 4-methoxybenzaldehyde. The trend of antibacterial activity for anions of lignin-derived ILs was found to be methanesulfonate < acetate < hydroxide. Microcrystalline cellulose dissolution, from 2 to 4 wt% after 20 min at 100 °C, was observed in all new ILs using light microscopy and IR spectroscopy. Conclusions Ionic liquids prepared from H-, S- and G-lignin oxidation products provided differential cytotoxic activity against E. coli and D. magna, suggesting these compounds could be tailored for application specificity within a biorefinery.

Rapid relaxation NMR measurements to predict rate coefficients in ionic liquid mixtures. An examination of reaction outcome changes in a homologous series of ionic liquids

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel C Morris ◽  
Stuart W Prescott ◽  
Jason B Harper
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Homologous Series ◽  
Rate Coefficient ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Solvent Mixture ◽  
Rate Coefficients ◽  
Substitution Process

A series of ionic liquids based on the 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium cations were examined as components of the solvent mixture for a bimolecular substitution process. The effects on both the rate coefficient...

Eutectic ionic liquid mixtures and their effect on CO2 solubility and conductivity

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (63) ◽  
pp. 51407-51412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna S. Ivanova ◽  
Thomas Brinzer ◽  
Elliot A. Roth ◽  
Victor A. Kusuma ◽  
John D. Watkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Binary System ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Co2 Solubility

A simple binary system of compounds resembling short-chain versions of popular ionic liquids has been shown to have alloying properties.

Thermal stabilities and decomposition mechanism of amino- and hydroxyl-functionalized ionic liquids

2014 ◽  
Vol 578 ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhimin Xue ◽  
Yuwei Zhang ◽  
Xiao-qin Zhou ◽  
Yuanyuan Cao ◽  
Tiancheng Mu
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Decomposition Mechanism ◽  
Thermal Stabilities

New dimensions in salt–solvent mixtures: a 4th evolution of ionic liquids

2018 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
pp. 9-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas R. MacFarlane ◽  
Alison L. Chong ◽  
Maria Forsyth ◽  
Mega Kar ◽  
R. Vijayaraghavan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Solvent Mixtures ◽  
Organic Salts ◽  
Molecular Liquid

The important properties and applications of molecular liquid mixtures with ionic liquids and low melting organic salts are discussed.

scholarly journals A Review of the electrochemical corrosion of metals in choline chloride based deep eutectic solvents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihael Bučko ◽  
Jelena Bajat
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Metal Corrosion ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
Separate Class

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are a class of mixtures with melting points notably lower than those of their raw constituent components. These liquids have found a tremendously wide spectrum of applications in the last two decades of their research, so their contact and interaction with technical metals and alloys are inevitable. Therefore, the corrosivity of DESs towards metals is an extremely important topic. This review summarizes research efforts collected in the last two decades related to the corrosion rate of various metals in different DESs. Since the DESs are mainly composed of organic raw compounds, and by their physicochemical properties they may be regarded as a separate class of ionic liquids, the literature data about DESs corrosivity has been compared to the data related to the corrosivity of various organic solvents and ionic liquids as well. All the results gained until now show significantly low corrosivity of DESs. This observation is discussed in relation to the chemical composition of DESs. The absence of the oxidizing agents, the inhibitory action of organic ions and molecules, high viscosity and low electrical conductivity have been recognized as the main factors contributing to the low metal corrosion rate in DESs.

One-step synthesis of PI@Fe3O4 composite microspheres and practical applications in Cu(ii) ion adsorption

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (108) ◽  
pp. 88943-88949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunyan Qu ◽  
Changwei Liu ◽  
Haoran Zhou ◽  
Weimiao Yu ◽  
Dezhi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Adsorption ◽  
Thermal Stabilities ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Composite Microspheres ◽  
One Step

We proposed a mechanism for the synthesis of PI/Fe3O4 composite microspheres from PAAS and iron(iii); and the composite microspheres have excellent thermal stabilities.

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