scholarly journals A Review of the electrochemical corrosion of metals in choline chloride based deep eutectic solvents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihael Bučko ◽  
Jelena Bajat
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Metal Corrosion ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
Separate Class

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are a class of mixtures with melting points notably lower than those of their raw constituent components. These liquids have found a tremendously wide spectrum of applications in the last two decades of their research, so their contact and interaction with technical metals and alloys are inevitable. Therefore, the corrosivity of DESs towards metals is an extremely important topic. This review summarizes research efforts collected in the last two decades related to the corrosion rate of various metals in different DESs. Since the DESs are mainly composed of organic raw compounds, and by their physicochemical properties they may be regarded as a separate class of ionic liquids, the literature data about DESs corrosivity has been compared to the data related to the corrosivity of various organic solvents and ionic liquids as well. All the results gained until now show significantly low corrosivity of DESs. This observation is discussed in relation to the chemical composition of DESs. The absence of the oxidizing agents, the inhibitory action of organic ions and molecules, high viscosity and low electrical conductivity have been recognized as the main factors contributing to the low metal corrosion rate in DESs.

scholarly journals Reduction of the Coefficient of Friction of Steel-Steel Tribological Contacts by Novel Graphene-Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) Lubricants

Lubricants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Garcia ◽  
Silvia Guerra ◽  
Juan de Damborenea ◽  
Ana Conde
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Adhesive Wear ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
The Other ◽  
Graphene Flakes ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction

Deep eutectic ionic liquids (DES) possess similar properties to conventional ionic liquids (ILs). However, ILs cannot be considered as environmentally friendly compounds due to both its processing and synthesis, which could have significant polluting effects. On the contrary, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) can be biodegradable, non-toxic, and have a lower price than most ILs, making them potentially useful in a wide variety of advanced technological applications, such as tribology. On the other hand, graphene has recently been proposed as an extremely promising lubricant due to its combination of mechanical properties and chemical stability as well as its “green” character. In the present paper, graphene flakes (≈250 nm) have been used as an additive to DES composed of choline chloride (ChCl)-urea, ChCl-ethylene glycol, and ChCl-malic acid. According to the results, the addition of 1 wt% graphene reduces friction coefficient (COF) and, notably, prevents adhesive wear, reducing wear rate on steel-steel sliding contacts.

scholarly journals Review on Carbon Dioxide Absorption by Choline Chloride/Urea Deep Eutectic Solvents

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rima J. Isaifan ◽  
Abdukarem Amhamed
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Absorption ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Donor ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor

In the recent past few years, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were developed sharing similar characteristics to ionic liquids but with more advantageous features related to preparation cost, environmental impact, and efficiency for gas separation processes. Amongst many combinations of DES solvents that have been prepared, reline (choline chloride as the hydrogen bond acceptor mixed with urea as the hydrogen bond donor) was the first DES synthesized and is still the one with the lowest melting point. Choline chloride/urea DES has proven to be a promising solvent as an efficient medium for carbon dioxide capture when compared with amine alone or ionic liquids under the same conditions. This review sheds light on the preparation method, physical and chemical characteristics, and the CO2 absorption capacity of choline chloride/urea DES under different temperatures and pressures reported up to date.

Electrochemical Synthesis of Conducting Polymers Involving Deep Eutectic Solvents

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 478-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florentina Golgovici ◽  
Liana Anicai ◽  
Andreea Florea ◽  
Teodor Visan
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Electrochemical Synthesis ◽  
Conductive Polymers ◽  
Electrochemical Polymerization ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Eutectic Mixtures ◽  
New Findings

Background: Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) represent a new generation of ionic liquids which are widely promoted as “green solvents”. They are gaining widespread application in materials chemistry and electrochemistry. DESs are defined as eutectic mixtures of quaternary ammonium salt with a hydrogen bond donor in certain molar ratios. Their use as solvents for electrochemical synthesis of conducting polymers could influence the polymer properties and reduce their economic cost. Objective: This review presents the most recent results regarding the electropolymerization of common conductive polymers involving choline chloride based ionic liquids. New findings from our laboratory on the electrochemical growth of conductive polymers are also discussed. Methods: The electrochemical polymerization mechanisms during synthesis of polypyrrole (PPy), polyaniline (PANI) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) using various formulations of DESs are reviewed, as well as their characteristics, mainly from surface morphology view point. Results: Some general information related to the preparation and characterization of DESs is also presented, followed by an overview of the recent advances in the field of electropolymerization using DESs. Conclusion: Electropolymerization of conducting polymers involving DESs represents an attractive route of synthesis due to their compositional flexibility which makes possible the preparation of unlimited formulations further influencing the polymer morphology and properties. The use of these inexpensive eutectic mixtures has a large potential to contribute to the development of more sustainable technological processes meeting many of the required features characteristic to the green chemistry.

scholarly journals Application of Deep Eutectic Solvents and Ionic Liquids in the Extraction of Catechins from Tea

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (14) ◽  
pp. 3216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylwia Bajkacz ◽  
Jakub Adamek ◽  
Anna Sobska
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Good Solubility ◽  
Tea Infusions ◽  
Girard’S Reagent ◽  
Spe Method

This work aimed to comprehensively evaluate the potential and effectiveness of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) in the extraction of seven catechins from various tea samples. Different combinations of DES were used, consisting of Girard’s reagent T (GrT) in various mixing ratios with organic acids and choline chloride. The yields of the DES extractions were compared with those from ionic liquids and conventional solvent. DES contained malic acid, as the hydrogen bond donors showed a good solubility of catechins with different polarities. In the second part of the study, a solid-phase extraction (SPE) method was applied to the extraction of catechins from tea infusions. The method was applied to the determination of selected catechins in tea leaves and tea infusions. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the proposed procedure works well in the simultaneous monitoring of these polyphenols, which makes it a useful tool in the quality control of tea.

Deep Eutectic Solvents Formed between Choline Chloride and Carboxylic Acids:  Versatile Alternatives to Ionic Liquids

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (29) ◽  
pp. 9142-9147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew P. Abbott ◽  
David Boothby ◽  
Glen Capper ◽  
David L. Davies ◽  
Raymond K. Rasheed
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents

Electrochemistry of Active Chromium: Part 1—Anomalous Corrosion and Products of Chromium Dissolution in Deaerated Sulfuric Acid

CORROSION ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Dražić ◽  
J. P. Popić
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Metal Corrosion ◽  
Chemical Dissolution ◽  
Rate Measurement ◽  
Electrochemical Processes ◽  
Corrosion Rate Measurement ◽  
Anomalous Dissolution

Abstract Chromium corroding in deaerated aqueous solution of sulfuric acid (H2SO4; pH 1 to 3) produces Cr(II) and Cr(III) ions simultaneously in the ratio 7:1, as well as H2. The corrosion potentials of electrochemically activated chromium are determined by the electrochemical processes as expected according to the Wagner-Traud model. However, the real rates of chromium corrosion determined by collecting evolved hydrogen, spectrophotometric determination of the accumulated Cr ions in the solution, or by weight-loss measurements are higher than the electrochemical dissolution rate by up to 12 times for pH 1.0. The effect is smaller for higher pH. This was due to the simultaneous “anomalous” (or chemical) dissolution process of the direct chemical reaction of Cr with H2O molecules, as proposed some time ago by Kolotyrkin and coworkers. Since “anomalous” dissolution cannot be detected by electrochemical means, it has been pointed out that in the presence of “anomalous” dissolution processes during metal corrosion, electrochemical corrosion rate measurements should be taken only as approximate, while the level of approximation should be determined by some other direct corrosion rate measurement method.

The Use of Deep Eutectic Solvents Ionic Liquids for Selective Dissolution and Recovery of Sn, Pb and Zn from Electric and Electronic Waste (WEEE)

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 1963-1968
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Popescu ◽  
Cristina Donath ◽  
Elena Ionela Neacsu ◽  
Vasile Soare ◽  
Ionut Constantin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Anodic Dissolution ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Selective Dissolution ◽  
Cathodic Deposition ◽  
Structure And Morphology

The recovery of metals from a multi-component alloy obtained by crushing, melting and anodic dissolution of waste electric and electronic equipment (WEEE) has been investigated. The aim of this paper is to selective recover of Sn, Pb and Zn by a novel ecological technology using ionic liquids. Metallic Sn, Pn and Zn were electrochemically recovered from the WEEE dissolved in choline chloride-ethylene glycol-iodine ionic liquid. Cyclic voltammetry was used in order to determine the deposition potentials of the studied metals. XRD and SEM/EDX analysis methods were used to characterize the structure and morphology of the metallic deposits. Evolution of the cathodic deposition and of the chemical composition of the anode during the anodic dissolution process for Sn, Pb and Zn was also studied. This study has demonstrated the possibility of selective recovery of Sn, Pb and Zn from the multi-component alloy (which resulted from consecutive anodic dissolution of WEEE) by anodic dissolution/deposition in ionic liquids.

scholarly journals Influence of Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) on Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Seed Extracts of Selected Citrus Species

2020 ◽  
pp. 120-128
Author(s):  
Lamija Kolarević ◽  
Emir Horozić ◽  
Zahida Ademović ◽  
Broza Šarić- Kundalić ◽  
Darja Husejnagić
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Seed Extracts

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs), as an alternative to ionic liquids, have greener credentials than ionic liquids and have attracted increasing attention in many applications. Choline chloride-based DESs in combination with different hydrogen bond donors (organic acid, sugars and urea), showed a high extraction efficiency. The aim of this study was to examine the possible effects of choline chloride-based eutectic solvents on the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of lemon and mandarin orange seed extracts. Lactic acid, glucose, urea and water were used to prepare choline chloride-based Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADESs). Ferric-Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) Assay and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) method were used to determine antioxidant activity. Antibacterial activity was investigated by diffusion method on reference bacterial strains E. coli, E. faecalis, S. aureus, B. subtilis and L. monocytogenes. The analysis revealed a significant reduction potential of the eutectic solvent based on lactic acid as well as significant antioxidant activity of lemon and mandarin seed extracts. In general, mandarin extracts showed better antioxidant capacity. In vitro antibacterial activity assays showed a complete absence of bacterial growth inhibition of the extracts. However, eutectic solvents with lactic acid have shown a significant antimicrobial effect.

scholarly journals Fe–Mn Alloys Electroforming Process Using Choline Chloride Based Deep Eutectic Solvents

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Vinicius Sales ◽  
Carlo Paternoster ◽  
Diego Mantovani ◽  
Georgios Kolliopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Electrochemical Potential ◽  
Bath Composition ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Electrodeposition Of Metals

Aqueous solvents, despite being effective in the electrodeposition of metals with positive reduction potential, fail to deposit metals with negative reduction potential due to their narrow electrochemical potential window. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs), a class of ionic liquids, are a promising alternative of inexpensive, biodegradable, non-toxic anhydrous solvents that present wide electrochemical potential windows. The present work reports on the potential of choline chloride/ethylene glycol DES in the electrodeposition of Fe–Mn alloys. Cyclic voltammetry tests showed that increasing the quantity of Mn in the bath composition decreases the deposition current of the alloy.

scholarly journals CO2 capture by alcohol ammonia based deep eutectic solvents with different water content

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangwei Liu ◽  
Qian Ao ◽  
Shengyou Shi ◽  
Shuie Li
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
High Thermal Stability ◽  
Water Contents

Abstract The existing CO2 absorption by deep eutectic solvents is limited by the unavoidable water absorption problem during use. In this study, we prepared three deep eutectic solvents with different alcohol aminations and added different water contents to discuss the effect of water content on the absorption of carbon dioxide by deep eutectic solvents. All deep eutectic solvents have a low melting point at room temperature as a liquid and have high thermal stability, where the choline chloride-diethanolamine deep eutectic solvents have a high viscosity. Anhydrous choline chloride-monoethanolamine deep eutectic solvents have the largest CO2 absorption, reaching 0.2715 g/g, and the absorption of CO2 by anhydrous choline chloride-N-methyldiethanolamine deep eutectic solvents is only 0.0611 g/g. Water content inhibited the absorption of CO2 in primary amine and secondary amine systems, whereas it enhanced the absorption of CO2 in tertiary amine systems, which was related to the reaction process of deep eutectic solvent and CO2.

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