scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Plant Essential Oils and Extracts as Candidate Ingredients for Edible Coatings to Control Decay in ‘Wonderful’ Pomegranate

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3367
Author(s):  
Tatenda Gift Kawhena ◽  
Umezuruike Linus Opara ◽  
Olaniyi Amos Fawole
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Edible Coatings ◽  
Penicillium Spp ◽  
Paper Disc

This study determined the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of lemongrass (LO), thyme (TO), and oregano (OO) essential oils and ethanolic extracts of pomegranate peel (PPE) and grape pomace (GPE) as candidate ingredients for edible coatings. Antifungal effects against Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium spp. were tested using paper disc and well diffusion methods. Radical scavenging activity (RSA) was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid assays. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis identified limonene (16.59%), α-citral (27.45%), β-citral (27.43%), thymol (33.31%), paracymene (43.26%), 1,8-cineole (17.53%), and trans-caryphellene (60.84%) as major compounds of the essential oils. From both paper disc and well diffusion methods, LO recorded the widest zone of inhibition against tested microbes (B. cinerea and Penicillium spp.). The minimum inhibitory concentrations of LO against B. cinerea and Penicillium spp., were 15 µL/mL and 30 µL/mL, respectively. The highest (69.95%) and lowest (1.64%) RSA at 1 mg/mL were recorded for PPE and OO. Application of sodium alginate and chitosan-based coatings formulated with LO (15 or 30 µL/mL) completely inhibited spore germination and reduced the decay severity of ‘Wonderful’ pomegranate. Lemongrass oil proved to be a potential antifungal agent for edible coatings developed to extend shelf life of ‘Wonderful’ pomegranate.

Composition of essential oil and antioxidant activity of Khat (Catha edulis Forsk), Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bahir Dar ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Catha Edulis

In this study, we determined the chemical composition and antioxidant activities of the essential oils from two different varieties of khat (Catha edulis Forsk) cultivated in Ethiopia. The essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation using the Clevenger type apparatus, identifications of compounds were made by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Seventy seven different compounds were identified from essential oils of the two different khat cultivars. The essential oils in the samples from Bahir Dar and Wendo were composed of 50 and 34 compounds, respectively. The major compound identified in khat essentials oils include: limonene, 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione, 1-hydroxy,1-phenyl-2-propanone, camphor, (sulfurous acid)-2-propylundecyl ester, hexadecane, O-mentha-1(7), 8-dien-3-ol, heptadecane, 10-methylnonadecane, (phthalic acid)-isobutyl octadecyl ester, and tritetracontane. The antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of the oils were assessed by means of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical assay. The scavenging activities of the oils were 23.5-23.6 μg AAE/kg of fresh khat sample.

Evaluating the Effects of Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation on Antifungal and Radical Scavenging Activities of Oliveria decumbens and Chaerophyllum macropodum Essential Oils

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 783-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nastaran Khajehie ◽  
Mohammad-Taghi Golmakani ◽  
Marzieh Eblaghi ◽  
Mohammad Hadi Eskandari
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Microwave Assisted

ABSTRACT In this study, radical scavenging and antifungal activities of Chaerophyllum macropodum and Oliveria decumbens essential oils (EOs) extracted with microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) were evaluated in comparison with the same EOs extracted by conventional hydrodistillation (HD). The final EO yields that were obtained using HD (after 150 min) and MAHD (after 45 min) were 1.72 and 1.67% for C. macropodum and 8.10 and 7.91% for O. decumbens, respectively. There were no significant differences between the final EO yields extracted with HD and MAHD, but MAHD could significantly reduce the duration of the extraction operation. Average rates of EO accumulation (grams per minute) with MAHD were at least three times higher than with HD. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of EOs indicated that there were no significant differences between the composition of EOs extracted by HD and MAHD. Both plants showed high radical scavenging activity, with 50% inhibitory concentration values of 0.430 to 0.431 mg/mL for C. macropodum and 0.142 to 0.146 mg/mL for O. decumbens. Antifungal activity was performed against six fungal species, including Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Penicillium chrysogenum, Trichoderma harzianum, Byssochlamys spectabilis, and Paecilomyces variotii. A. niger and A. oryzae were the most resistant fungi, and T. harzianum was the most susceptible. Evaluation of MIC and minimum fungicidal concentration values showed that the O. decumbens EOs were very active against all the tested fungi, which can be attributed to the high amounts of oxygenated terpenes in the EO content. Therefore, MAHD as a fast extraction technique did not have any adverse effects on chemical composition, radical scavenging activity, and antifungal activity of C. macropodum and O. decumbens EOs.

Chemical variability and antioxidant activities of the essential oils of the aerial parts of Ammoides verticillata and the roots of Carthamus caeruleus and their synergistic effect in combination

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imane Rihab Mami ◽  
Noria Merad-Boussalah ◽  
Mohammed El Amine Dib ◽  
Boufeldja Tabti ◽  
Jean Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Chemical Variability ◽  
Ammoides Verticillata

Aim and Objective: Oxidative stress is implicated in the development and progression of many disease. Some of appropriate actions that could be initiated to taken to resolve the problem of these diseases are search for new antioxidant substances isolated from plants. The aims of this study were to study the intraspecies variations of A. verticillata and C. caeruleus essential oils from 8 locations using statistical analysis, the in vitro antioxidant properties of collective essential oils and in combinations. Materials and Methods: The essential oils were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The intraspecies variations of the essential oil compositions were discussed using principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). The antioxidant properties were evaluated DPPH-radical scavenging activity and β-carotene bleaching test. Results: The main components of Ammoides verticillata collective essential oil (Coll EO) were thymol (30.5%), carvacrol (23.2%), p-cymene (13.1%), limonene (12.5%) and terpinene-4-ol (12.3%). While roots of Carthamus caeruleus essential oil were dominated by carline oxide (86.2%). The chemical variability allowed the discrimination of two main Groups for both Coll EOs. A direct correlation between the altitudes, climate and the chemical compositions was evidenced. Ammoides verticulata and Carthamus caeruleus Coll Eos showed good antioxidant activity. In binary mixture, the interaction both Coll Eos and between oils rich of thymol and/or carvacrol with carlina oxide produced the best synergistic effects, compared to individual essential oils and the synthetic antioxidant (BHT). Conclusion: Ammoides verticillata and Carthamus caeruleus essential oil blends can be used as a natural food preservative and alternative to chemical antioxidants.

scholarly journals Purification, Characterization, Prebiotic Preparations and Antioxidant Activity of Oligosaccharides from Mulberries

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 2329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erna Li ◽  
Shiyuan Yang ◽  
Yuxiao Zou ◽  
Weiwei Cheng ◽  
Bing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Power

A water-soluble oligosaccharide termed EMOS-1a was prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis of polysaccharides purified from mulberries by column chromatography. The chemical structure of the purified fraction was investigated by ultraviolet spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, which indicated that galactose was the main constituent of EMOS-1a. Chemical analyses showed that the uronic acid and sulfate content of EMOS-1a were 5.6% and 8.35%, respectively, while gel permeation chromatography showed that EMOS-1a had an average molecular weight of 987 Da. The antioxidant activities of EMOS-1a were next investigated, and EMOS-1a exhibited concentration-dependent 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power. The level of proliferation of Lactobacillus rhamnosus reached 1420 ± 16% when 4% (w/v) EMOS-1a was added, where the number of colonies in MRS (de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe) medium with no added oligosaccharide was defined as 100% proliferation. These results indicate that the oligosaccharide EMOS-1a could be used as a natural antioxidant in prebiotic preparations.

scholarly journals Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Agaricus bisporus (J.E. Lange) imbach from Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1075-1081
Author(s):  
Hafiz Muhammad Waqas ◽  
Muhammad Akbar ◽  
Muhammad Sajjad Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Test Plant

In the present study, antibacterial and antioxidant (DPPH free radical scavenging activity) activity of an edible mushroom, Agaricus bisporus collected from Pakistan was investigated. In antibacterial assays, nhexane showed 4.83, 3.33, 16 and 3.33 mm inhibition zone diameter (IZD), chloroform showed 6.33, 16.17, 17 and 1.67 mm (IZD) while, ethyl acetate exhibited 30, 20, 19 and 28.67 mm (IZD) against four test plant pathogenic bacteria viz., Pseudomonas syringae Van Hall, Ralstonia solanacearum Yabuuchi et al. Xanthomonas axonopodis Dowson and Erwinia carotovora (Jones) Waldee, at 100 mg/ml concentration. Optical density (OD) was recorded at 517 nm. n-hexane extract showed 60.73, 47.6 and 33.05%, chloroform showed 89.97, 82.91 and 77.68% whereas, ethyl acetate exhibited 89.83, 65.82 and 23.59% free radical effects as compared to control. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis showed the highest concentration of mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity of some natural essential oils in Vietnam: Comparison between QSAR simulation and experimental study

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (1D) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tran Thi Ai My ◽  
Le Trung Hieu ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thanh Hai ◽  
Ton Nu My Phuong ◽  
Huynh Thi Phuong Loan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Qsar Model ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Antioxidant activities of essential oils from leaves of Piper betle L. (T) and Cleistocalyx operculatus L. (V), and aerial parts of Ageratum conyzoides L. (H) natively grown in Thua Thien Hue province of Vietnam were investigated.Quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) model was constructed from the 27 compounds including 4-hydroxy-chromene-2H-one and its derivatives. DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity was applied to estimate the antioxidant property of these essential oils through IC50 (mg/mL) values. QSAR model is used to predict the radical scavenging activity IC50 mg/mL of T, V, and H. The results indicate that there is a good agreement between the experimental data and the predicted values using the QSAR model. The three essential oils display the DPPH radical scavenging activities with the IC50 values being in the order of T > H > V of 3.71 mg/mL,596.44 mg/mL and 637.03 mg/mL, respectively. The essential oil of T exhibits the strong DPPH radical scavenging activity that is close to the reference compound ascorbic acid (IC50 value of 3.03 mg /mL).

scholarly journals Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Cytotoxic Properties of Aniba parviflora Essential Oils from the Amazon

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Kelly R. da Silva ◽  
José Guilherme S. Maia ◽  
Noura S. Dosoky ◽  
William N. Setzer
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Breast Tumor Cells ◽  
Antibacterial Screening ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Mcf 7

Essential oils (EOs) from leaves and branches of Aniba parviflora (Meisn.) Mez were obtained by hydrodistillation and their chemical compositions determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Oxygenated sesquiterpenoids were the most representative compound class in both EOs ( ≅ 40%). However, the leaf EO was rich in β-phellandrene (15.1%), linalool (14.1%), and γ-eudesmol (12.9%). The EO from the branches showed high concentrations of γ-eudesmol (16.8%), β-caryophyllene (15.7%), linalool (12.4%), β-phellandrene (6.7%), and bicyclogermacrene (6.0%). The EOs were screened for radical-scavenging activity using the DPPH assay. In the DPPH assay, the EOs showed an antioxidant activity with TEAC values of 296.8 ± 20.2 and 357.3 ± 43.8 mg.TE.mL−1, about one-third that of the Trolox standard. The EOs were subjected to antibacterial screening and displayed promising activity against Escherichia coli (MIC < 19.5 μg.mL−1). In addition, the EOs were tested for cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 breast tumor cells and the leaf EO (IC50 = 67.9 ± 3.0 μg.mL−1) was more active than that from the branches (IC50 = 102.2 ± 3.0 μg.mL−1).

scholarly journals In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Lavender, Mint, and Rosemary Essential Oils and the Effect of Their Vapours on Growth of Penicillium spp. in a Bread Model System

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3859
Author(s):  
Veronika Valková ◽  
Hana Ďúranová ◽  
Lucia Galovičová ◽  
Nenad L. Vukovic ◽  
Milena Vukic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
Penicillium Spp

The chemical composition, antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial properties of three commercially available essential oils: rosemary (REO), lavender (LEO), and mint (MEO), were determined in the current study. Our data revealed that the major components of REO, MEO, and LEO were 1,8-cineole (40.4%), menthol (40.1%), and linalool acetate (35.0%), respectively. The highest DPPH radical-scavenging activity was identified in MEO (36.85 ± 0.49%) among the investigated EOs. Regarding antimicrobial activities, we found that LEO had the strongest inhibitory efficiencies against the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida (C.) tropicalis, MEO against Salmonella (S.) enterica, and REO against Staphylococcus (S.) aureus. The strongest antifungal activity was displayed by mint EO, which totally inhibited the growth of Penicillium (P.) expansum and P. crustosum in all concentrations; the growth of P. citrinum was completely suppressed only by the lowest MEO concentration. The lowest minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against S. enterica, S. aureus, and C. krusei were assessed for MEO. In situ analysis on the bread model showed that 125 µL/L of REO exhibited the lowest mycelial growth inhibition (MGI) of P. citrinum, and 500 µL/L of MEO caused the highest MGI of P. crustosum. Our results allow us to make conclusion that the analysed EOs have promising potential for use as innovative agents in the storage of bakery products in order to extend their shelf-life.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activities of Dialium indum L. Fruit and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) of the Active Fractions

Antioxidants ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Osman ◽  
Norazian Mohd Hassan ◽  
Alfi Khatib ◽  
Siti Tolos
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Methanol Fraction ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

The fruit of Dialium indum L. (Fabaceae) is one of the edible wild fruits native to Southeast Asia. The mesocarp is consumed as sweets while the exocarp and seed are regarded as waste. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activities of the fruit by using four assays, which measure its capabilities in reducing phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents, neocuproine, 2,2-diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and inhibiting linoleic acid peroxidation. The active fractions were then analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the seed methanol fraction (SMF) exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity with significantly higher (p < 0.05) gallic acid equivalence (GAE), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 31.71; 0.88 µg/mL) than the other fractions. The exocarp dichloromethane fraction (EDF) was the discriminating fraction by having remarkable linoleic acid peroxidation inhibition (IC50 121.43; 2.97 µg/mL). A total of thirty-eight metabolites were detected in derivatized EDF and SMF with distinctive classes of phenolics and amino acids, respectively. Bioautography-guided fractionation of EDF afforded five antioxidant-enriched subfractions with four other detected phenolics. The results revealed the antioxidant properties of D. indum fruit, which has potential benefits in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmeceutical applications.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Fractionation of Antioxidants and GC-MS and ESI-MS Fingerprints of Celastrus hindsii Leaves

Medicines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tran Duc Viet ◽  
Tran Dang Xuan ◽  
Truong Mai Van ◽  
Yusuf Andriana ◽  
Ramin Rayee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Esi Ms

Background: In this study, column chromatography was applied to separate active fractions from the ethyl acetate extract of Celastrus hindsii, a medicinal plant widely used in Southern China, Northern Vietnam, Myanmar, and Malaysia. Methods: Fourteen fractions from different dilutions of chloroform and methanol were separated by column chromatography and examined for biological activities. Results: It was found that a dilution of 50–70% methanol in chloroform yielded the highest total phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant activities (1,1-dipheny1-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis (3-ehtylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), diammonium salt (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, and β-carotene bleaching method measured by lipid peroxidation inhibition). In addition, by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) analyses, fifteen principal compounds from bioactive fractions belonging to fatty acids, amides, flavonoids, sterols, terpenes, and phenols were identified. Of these compounds, α-amyrin, β-amyrin, hydrazine carboxamide, hexadecanoic acid, fucosterol, (3β)-D:C-friedours-7-en-3-ol, rutin, and 2-hydroxy-1-ethyl ester accounted for maximal quantities, whilst concentrations of other constituents were <5%. Conclusions: It is suggested that these identified compounds may greatly contribute to the antioxidant capacity of C. hindsii as well as its potential pharmaceutical properties.

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