scholarly journals Influence of the Use of an Ionic Liquid as Pre-Hydrodistillation Maceration Medium on the Composition and Yield of Cannabis sativa L. Essential Oil

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (18) ◽  
pp. 5654
Author(s):  
Andrea Mezzetta ◽  
Roberta Ascrizzi ◽  
Marco Martinelli ◽  
Filomena Pelosi ◽  
Cinzia Chiappe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Fiber Production ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Sesquiterpene Hydrocarbons ◽  
Industrial Hemp ◽  
First Time

Cannabis sativa L. is a multi-purpose crop, whose resilience, adaptability and soil-enriching properties make it a low-impact production. In the last years, the cultivation of the “industrial” hemp varieties (THC < 0.2%) has been promoted by many Countries, opening a whole new market of hemp-derived products, such as its essential oil (EO). Its distillation might represent an effective method to exploit a residue of the hemp fiber production (flowers), complying with the guidelines of the circular economy. In the present work, different concentrations of an ionic liquid (IL; 1,3-dimethyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium dimethylphosphate) have been studied as a pre-hydrodistillation maceration medium. The EO yields have been evaluated, and their compositions have been analyzed by GC-EIMS. The use of 100% and 90% IL concentrations gave a hydrodistillation yield increment of 250% and 200%, respectively. The 200% yield increase was maintained when the 100% IL was recycled after the hydrodistillation. The lower IL concentrations incremented the cannabinoid and oxygenated sesquiterpene contents, while the opposite was true for sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. The proposed IL-enhanced hydrodistillation medium applied to hemp, studied for the first time in the present work, might be used to both (i) noteworthy increment the hydrodistillation yield and (ii) modulate the obtained EO composition based on the desired final product.

scholarly journals Industrial, CBD, and Wild Hemp: How Different Are Their Essential Oil Profile and Antimicrobial Activity?

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (20) ◽  
pp. 4631
Author(s):  
Valtcho D. Zheljazkov ◽  
Vladimir Sikora ◽  
Ivayla Dincheva ◽  
Miroslava Kačániová ◽  
Tess Astatkie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Caryophyllene Oxide ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Total Oil ◽  
Industrial Hemp ◽  
Selection Of

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is currently one of the most controversial and promising crops. This study compared nine wild hemp (C. sativa spp. spontanea V.) accessions with 13 registered cultivars, eight breeding lines, and one cannabidiol (CBD) hemp strain belonging to C. sativa L. The first three groups had similar main essential oil (EO) constituents, but in different concentrations; the CBD hemp had a different EO profile. The concentration of the four major constituents in the industrial hemp lines and wild hemp accessions varied as follows: β-caryophyllene 11–22% and 15.4–29.6%; α-humulene 4.4–7.6% and 5.3–11.9%; caryophyllene oxide 8.6–13.7% and 0.2–31.2%; and humulene epoxide 2, 2.3–5.6% and 1.2–9.5%, respectively. The concentration of CBD in the EO of wild hemp varied from 6.9 to 52.4% of the total oil while CBD in the EO of the registered cultivars varied from 7.1 to 25%; CBD in the EO of the breeding lines and in the CBD strain varied from 6.4 to 25% and 7.4 to 8.8%, respectively. The concentrations of δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in the EO of the three groups of hemp were significantly different, with the highest concentration being 3.5%. The EO of wild hemp had greater antimicrobial activity compared with the EO of registered cultivars. This is the first report to show that significant amounts of CBD could be accumulated in the EO of wild and registered cultivars of hemp following hydro-distillation. The amount of CBD in the EO can be greater than that in the EO of the USA strain used for commercial production of CBD. Furthermore, this is among the first reports that show greater antimicrobial activity of the EO of wild hemp vs. the EO of registered cultivars. The results suggest that wild hemp may offer an excellent opportunity for future breeding and the selection of cultivars with a desirable composition of the EO and possibly CBD-rich EO production.

scholarly journals Evaluation of substrate composition and exogenous hormone application on vegetative propagule rooting success of essential oil hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean M. Campbell ◽  
Steven Langlie Anderson ◽  
Zachary Brym ◽  
Brian J. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Mass Propagation ◽  
Exogenous Hormone ◽  
Vegetative Propagule ◽  
Industrial Hemp ◽  
Medium Selection ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Propagation Media ◽  
The Ideal

To support the rapidly expanding industrial hemp industry, a commercial supply of high-quality starter plants with low genetic variability from nurseries will be key to consistent and efficient cultivation efforts. Rooting success was evaluated across four propagation medias, five rooting hormones, and eight commercially available high-cannabidiol (CBD) essential oil hemp cultivars. Cuttings were placed in a climate-controlled room and assessed for rooting success 12 days after cloning. Rooting success was determined by quantifying total root number, cumulative total root length, and total root mass. Propagation media had the greatest effect on rooting success (13-80 %). Rockwool had the highest rooting success resulting in 10-fold increases in rooting traits over the next highest scoring medium (Berger BM6). Hormone applications significantly improved (15- to 18-fold) rooting success compared to no hormone application, while non-statistical differences were observed across auxin hormone concentrations and application methods. Genetic variation in rooting response was observed between cultivars with ‘Cherry Wine’ outperforming all other cultivars with an approximate 20% increase in rooting success over the next highest rooting cultivar, ‘Wife’. Although the ideal combination was not specifically identified in this study, findings provide insight into how rooting hormone application and medium selection impact vegetative propagule rooting success of essential oil hemp.

scholarly journals GC/MS Analysis of the Essential Oil of Leucas indica from India

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh K. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Ionization Detector ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Sesquiterpene Hydrocarbons ◽  
Total Oil ◽  
First Time

The aim of the present study was to investigate and identify the essential oil constituents of Leucas indica (L.) R.Br. (Lamiaceae). The chemical composition of the hydro-distilled essential oil was obtained from the flowering aerial parts of L. indica for the first time. The oil was analyzed by gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Fifty-six compounds were identified, representing 99.1% of the total oil. The main constituents were β-caryophyllene (51.1%) and α-caryophyllene (10.2%). The oil was found to be rich in sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (71.8%).

scholarly journals Sulfonated carbon derived from the residue obtained after recovery of essential oil from the leaves ofCinnamomum longepaniculatumusing Brønsted acid ionic liquid, and its use in the preparation of ellagic acid and gallic acid

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 5142-5150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaizhi Liu ◽  
Yanlong Qi ◽  
Mengling Gui ◽  
Chunte Feng ◽  
Xun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Bronsted Acid ◽  
Brønsted Acid ◽  
Carbon Catalyst ◽  
Brönsted Acid ◽  
First Time

A Brønsted acid ionic liquid, 3-methyl-1-(4-sulfonylbutyl) imidazolium hydrogensulfate ([HO3S(CH2)4mim]HSO4), was used for the first time for the preparation of a sulfonated carbon catalyst.

scholarly journals Premna Species in Vietnam: Essential Oil Compositions and Mosquito Larvicidal Activities

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1130
Author(s):  
Nguyen Huy Hung ◽  
Le Thi Huong ◽  
Nguyen Thanh Chung ◽  
Nguyen Cong Truong ◽  
Do Ngoc Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
National Park ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Central Vietnam ◽  
Sesquiterpene Hydrocarbons ◽  
Larvicidal Activities ◽  
First Time

Essential oils have emerged as viable alternatives to synthetic insecticides for control of mosquito-borne pathogens. The leaf essential oils of eight species of Premna (Lamiaceae) growing in central Vietnam have been obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons dominated most of the Premna essential oils, with the notable exception of Premnamekongensis from Ngoc Linh Nature Reserve, which had α-pinene as the major component. Larvicidal activities against Aedes aegypti have been determined and all of the Premna essential oils showed larvicidal activity with 24-h LC50 < 65 μg/mL. The leaf essential oils of Premnacambodiana from Chu Mom Ray National Park and Premnamekongensis from Ngoc Linh Nature Reserve showed the best larvicidal activities with 24-h LC50 of 16.8 and 18.0 μg/mL, respectively. The essential oil compositions and larvicidal activities of P. cambodiana, Premna flavescens, Premnamaclurei, P. mekongensis, and Premnapuberula are reported for the first time. Although the larvicidal activities of Premna leaf essential oils are promising, the essential oil yields are relatively low (0.10–0.25%).

scholarly journals Analysis of Chemical Constituents of Tithonia Rotundifolia Leaf Essential Oil Found in Nigeria

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0800300
Author(s):  
Adebayo A. Gbolade ◽  
Vânia Tira-Picos ◽  
J.M.F. Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Oxygenated Monoterpenes ◽  
Monoterpene Hydrocarbons ◽  
Sesquiterpene Hydrocarbons ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Leaf Essential Oil ◽  
Total Oil ◽  
First Time

The essential oil from Tithonia rotundifolia leaf growing wild in Osun State, Nigeria obtained by hydro-distillation has been characterised for the first time by combined GC and GC-MS analyses. Forty-six components representing 93.8% of the total oil have been fully identified. The oil is characterised largely by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (78.1%), represented chiefly by germacrene D (33%) and β-caryophyllene (25.8%). The less important classes of components are monoterpene hydrocarbons (5.1%), oxygenated monoterpenes (0.3%), oxygenated sesquiterpenes (3.1%) and non-terpenes (7.2%).

scholarly journals Evaluation of substrate composition and exogenous hormone application on vegetative propagule rooting success of essential oil hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0249160
Author(s):  
Sean M. Campbell ◽  
Steven L. Anderson ◽  
Zachary T. Brym ◽  
Brian J. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Mass Propagation ◽  
Exogenous Hormone ◽  
Vegetative Propagule ◽  
Industrial Hemp ◽  
Medium Selection ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Propagation Media ◽  
The Ideal

To support the rapidly expanding industrial hemp industry, a commercial supply of high-quality starter plants with low genetic variability from nurseries will be key to consistent and efficient cultivation efforts. Rooting success was evaluated across four propagation medias, five rooting hormones, and eight commercially available high-cannabidiol (CBD) essential oil hemp cultivars. Cuttings were placed in a climate-controlled room and assessed for rooting success 12 days after cloning. Rooting success was determined by quantifying total root number, cumulative total root length, and total root mass. Propagation media had the greatest effect on rooting success (13–80%). Rockwool had the highest rooting success resulting in 10-fold increases in rooting traits over the next highest scoring medium (Berger BM6). Hormone applications significantly improved (15- to 18-fold) rooting success compared to no hormone application, while non-statistical differences were observed across auxin hormone concentrations and application methods. Genetic variation in rooting response was observed between cultivars with ‘Cherry Wine’ outperforming all other cultivars with an approximate 20% increase in rooting success over the next highest rooting cultivar, ‘Wife’. Although the ideal combination was not specifically identified in this study, findings provide insight into how rooting hormone application and medium selection impact vegetative propagule rooting success of essential oil hemp.

Valorizing industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) by-products: Cannabidiol enrichment in the inflorescence essential oil optimizing sample pre-treatment prior to distillation

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 581-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Fiorini ◽  
Arnaud Molle ◽  
Massimo Nabissi ◽  
Giuseppe Santini ◽  
Giovanni Benelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Industrial Hemp ◽  
By Products

The essential oil from industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) by-products as an effective tool for insect pest management in organic crops

2018 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 308-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Benelli ◽  
Roman Pavela ◽  
Riccardo Petrelli ◽  
Loredana Cappellacci ◽  
Giuseppe Santini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Insect Pest Management ◽  
Industrial Hemp ◽  
By Products

scholarly journals Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil ofCyperus ConglomeratusRottb. from Iran

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (s1) ◽  
pp. S293-S296 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Feizbakhsh ◽  
A. Naeemy
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sesquiterpene Hydrocarbons ◽  
First Time

The compositions of the essential oil fromcyperus conglomerateswere obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC/MS (Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry). Twenty seven compounds were identified. Of which the cyperene (27.2%) was the major component. This is the first time that an oil ofC. conglomerateshas been found with cyperene as the major constituent. Also, the oil ofC. conglomeratesconsisted mainly of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, oxygenated sesquiterpenes and a small percentage of monoterpenes.

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