scholarly journals UHPLC-MS-Based Serum and Urine Metabolomics Reveals the Anti-Diabetic Mechanism of Ginsenoside Re in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (21) ◽  
pp. 6657
Author(s):  
Heyu Wang ◽  
Yaran Teng ◽  
Shinan Li ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Potential Mechanism ◽  
Ginsenoside Re ◽  
Serum And Urine

Panax ginseng was employed in the treatment of “Xiao-Ke” symptom, which nowadays known as diabetes mellitus, in traditional Chinese medicine for more than a thousand years. Ginsenoside Re was the major pharmacologic ingredient found abundantly in ginseng. However, the anti-diabetic of Ginsenoside Re and its underlying mechanism in metabolic level are still unclear. Serum and urine metabolomic method was carried out to investigate the anti-diabetic pharmacological effects and the potential mechanism of Ginsenoside Re on high-fat diet combined streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole exactive orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS). Serum and urine samples were collected from the control group (CON), T2DM group, metformin (MET) treatment group, and ginsenoside Re treatment group after intervention. The biochemical parameters of serum were firstly analyzed. The endogenous metabolites in serum and urine were detected by UHPLC-MS. The potential metabolites were screened by multivariate statistical analysis and identified by accurate mass measurement, MS/MS, and metabolite databases. The anti-diabetic-related metabolites were analyzed by KEGG metabolic pathway, and its potential mechanism was discussed. The treatment of ginsenoside Re significantly reduced the blood glucose and serum lipid level improved the oxidative stress caused by T2DM. Biochemical parameters (urea nitrogen, uric acid) showed that ginsenoside Re could improve renal function in T2DM rats. Respective 2 and 6 differential metabolites were found and identified in serum and urine of ginsenoside Re compared with T2DM group and enriched in KEGG pathway. Metabolic pathways analysis indicated that the differential metabolites related to T2DM were mainly involved in arachidonic acid metabolism, Vitamin B6, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and bile secretion metabolic pathways. This study verified the anti-diabetic and anti-oxidation effects of ginsenoside Re, elaborated that ginsenoside Re has a good regulation of the metabolic disorder in T2DM rats, which could promote insulin secretion, stimulated cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1), and CaMKK β to activate AMPK signaling pathway, inhibited insulin resistance, and improved blood glucose uptake and diabetic nephropathy, so as to play the role of anti-diabetic.

scholarly journals Uji Efektivitas Beras Herbal Forte terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 (Study of the Herbal Rice Forte Effectiveness on Decreasing Blood Glucose of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patient)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Gema Akbar Wakhidana ◽  
Ancah Caesarina Novi Marchianti ◽  
Ali Santosa
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Type 2 Dm

Diabetes mellitus is metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia caused by disturbances in insulin secretion or insulin activity. Herbal Forte Rice is rice synthetic material composed of main purple sweet potato and corn flour. It contains antioksidan, fiber, resistant starch and having moderate glycemic index. This study aimed to determine the effectivity of Herbal Forte Rice on decreasing blood glucose levels of patients type 2 DM. It used a cross-over design, the role of research subjects was both as control and treatment groups. Total sample of this research consisted of 60 samples. The treatment group was given Herbal Forte Rice for 7 days in 2 consecutive meals, while the control group did not receive any intervention. The results showed the average level of Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) beginning and end of the treatment group 179.76 mg/dL and 138.7 mg/dL; FBG beginning and end of the control 180.87 mg/dL and 187.63 mg/dL; 2 hours post prandial Blood Glucose (2hppBG) levels of beginning and end of the treatment group 284.37 mg/dL and 183.8 mg/dL; 2hppBG levels beginning and end of the control 280.57 mg/dL and 284.13 mg/dL. This study concludes that Herbal Forte Rice effective on decreasing blood glucose levels of patients type 2 DM.   Keywords: diabetes mellitus, Rice Herbal Forte, GDP and GD2PP  

scholarly journals Fenofibrate decreased microalbuminuria in the type 2 diabetes patients with hypertriglyceridemia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomeng Sun ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Guang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Fenofibrate Treatment

Abstract Background: This study was to research the efficacy of fenofibrate in the treatment of microalbuminuria in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertriglyceridemia. Methods: Type 2 diabetic patients (56) with microalbuminuria and hypertriglyceridemia aged 30 to 75 were randomly divided into the fenofibrate treatment group(n=28) and the control group (n=28) for 180 days. Urinary microalbumin /creatinine ratio (UACR) and other metabolic parameters were compared at baseline, during treatment and after treatment. Results: After 180 days, the reduction of levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in two groups were no differences. In treatment group, uric acid (UA) (296.42 ± 56.41 vs 372.46 ± 72.78), triglyceride (TG) [1.51(1.17, 2.06) vs 3.04(2.21, 3.29)], and UACR [36.45 (15.78,102.41) vs 129.00 (53.00, 226.25)] were significantly decreased compared with the baseline. The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were significantly increased (1.22 ± 0.26 vs 1.09 ± 0.24) compared with the baseline. The decrease in UACR [-44.05(-179.47, -12.16) vs -8.15(-59.69, 41.94)]in treatment group was significantly higher compared with the control group. The decrease in UACR was positively associated with the decreases in TG ( r = 0.447, P = 0.042) and UA ( r = 0.478, P = 0.024) after fenofibrate treatment. Conclusion: In the patients with hypertriglyceridemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus, fenofibrate can improve microalbuminuria and do not increase the deterioration of glomerular filtration rate

scholarly journals Oral and Topical Centella asiatica in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Dry Skin: A Three-Arm Prospective Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Lili Legiawati ◽  
Kusmarinah Bramono ◽  
Wresti Indriatmi ◽  
Em Yunir ◽  
Siti Setiati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dry Skin ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Double Blind

Introduction. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) is related to skin disorders, particularly dry skin. Pathogenesis of dry skin in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rises from the chronic hyperglycemia causing an increase in advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), proinflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress. Combination of oral and topical Centella asiatica (CA) is expected to treat dry skin in T2DM patients more effectively through decreasing N(6)-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML) and interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Methods. A three-arm prospective, double-blind, randomized, controlled study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of the oral and topical CA extract in 159 T2DM patients with dry skin. The subjects were divided into the CA oral (CAo) 2 × 1.100 mg + CA topical (CAt) 1% ointment group, oral placebo (Plo) + CAt group, and Plo and topical placebo (Plt) group. Dry skin assessment was performed on day 1, 15, and 29, while evaluation of CML, IL-1α, and SOD activity was on day 1 and 29. Result. Effectivity of CAo + CAt combination was assessed based on HbA1c and random blood glucose (RBG). In well-controlled blood glucose, on day 29, the percentage of SRRC decrement was greater in the CAo + CAt group compared to the control group (p=0.04). SCap value in the CAo + CAt group was greater than that in the control group (p=0.01). In the partially controlled blood glucose, increment of SOD activity in the CAo + CAt group was greater than that in the control group (p=0.01). There were medium-to-strong correlation between CML with SOD (r = 0.58, p<0.05) and IL-1α with SOD (r = 0.70, p<0.05) in well-controlled blood glucose. Systemic and topical adverse events were not significantly different between groups. Conclusion. CAo and CAt combination can be used to significantly improve dry skin condition through increasing SOD activity in T2DM patients with controlled blood glucose.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Therapeutic Exercise Walking terhadap Sirkulasi Darah Perifer pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Kelurahan Gebang Kecamatan Patrang Kabupaten Jember. (The Effect of Therapeutic Exercise Walking on Pheripheral Blood Circulation in Patients wit

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Erti Ikhtiarini Dewi ◽  
Amadea Yollanda ◽  
Nur Widayati ◽  
Rondhianto Rondhianto
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Therapeutic Exercise ◽  
Peripheral Blood Circulation

Pathological change experienced by patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is impaired peripheralblood circulation, especially in the lower limbs and feet. Peripheral blood circulation can be examinedby measuring Ankle Brachial Index (ABI). Therapeutic exercise walking is one of physical activitieswhich can improve blood circulation. This research goal was to analyze the effect of therapeuticexercise walking on peripheral blood circulation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Theresearch design was randomized control group pretest-posttest design. The sample size was 15respondents as control group and 15 respondents as treatment group. Data was analyzed by usingdependent t-test and independent t-test with significant level of 0.05. This result showed a significantincrease of ABI after therapeutic exercise walking in the treatment group (p= 0.001). However therewas a significant decrease of ABI between pretest and posttest in control group (p=0.010).Independent t-test indicated a significant difference of ABI between treatment group and controlgroup (p=0.000). So, it can be concluded that there is an influence of therapeutic exercise walking onthe peripheral blood circulation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nurses should applytherapeutic exercise walking to improve peripheral blood circulation in patients with type 2 diabetesmellitus.Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, therapeutic exercise walking, ankle brachial index

Effect of bilateral needling at an acupuncture point, ST-36 (Zusanli) on blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A pilot randomized placebo controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mooventhan ◽  
Reema Ningombam ◽  
L. Nivethitha
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Acupuncture Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Placebo Control Group

AbstractBackgroundDiabetes mellitus is one of the major current public health problems. Electro-acupuncture at ST-36 showed a significant reduction in plasma glucose levels in diabetic rats. There are lacks of studies reporting its hypoglycemic effect in humans and thus, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of needling at ST-36 (Zusanli) on blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsSixty T2DM participants were recruited and randomized into acupuncture group (n=30) and placebo control group (n=30). The participants of the acupuncture group received needling at ST-36 (one finger breadth lateral to the inferior border of the tibial tuberosity), and the participants those in the placebo control group received needling at placebo point (midpoint between the apex of the patella and tibial tuberosity). For both the groups, needles were retained for 30 min. Baseline and post-test assessments were performed prior to and after each intervention. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 16.ResultsThe present study showed a significant reduction in random blood glucose levels in the acupuncture group compared to the placebo control group.ConclusionThis study suggests that 30 min of bilateral acupuncture needling at ST-36 with manual stimulation is effective in reducing blood glucose levels in T2DM patients.

scholarly journals The Effect of Tempe Dietary Intake on Plasma Glucose Level in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Puspasari ◽  
Drupadi Dillon ◽  
Budiman Budiman
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Plasma Glucose Level ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Control Group

The aim of the study was to investigate  the effect of daily intake of 100 grams tempe for four weeks on plasma glucose level in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study was a parallel randomized clinical trial. Subjects were 30 diabetic elderly living in four nursing homes in Jakarta. In the study subjects were assigned to two groups using block randomization. All subjects had to take diabetic regiment with calorie and macronutrient following diabetic recommendation diet. The treatment group (n=16) received tempe, while control group (n=14) received legumes other than tempe. Fasting plasma glucose level (FPG) was assessed before and after intervention. Unpaired t test and Mann Whitney were used to analyzed data with the 5% significance level. There were 27 subjects completed the study: 15 of treatment group and 12 of control group. Both group were comparable in age, gender, BMI, calorie and macronutrient intake before treatment. Fat, fiber, and isoflavone intake were significantly higher in treatment group compare to control group. Decrease in FPG after intervention were observed but were statisticaly insignificant. In conclusion daily intake of 100 grams tempe for four weeks did not decrease FPG.  Keywords: elderly, plasma glucose level, tempe, type 2 diabetes

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF PUGUNTANO (CURANGA FEL-TERRAE [LOUR.]) EXTRACT ON ADIPONECTIN RECEPTOR (ADIPOR) IN RATS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

2019 ◽  
pp. 551-553
Author(s):  
DHARMA LINDARTO ◽  
YETTY MACHRINA ◽  
SANTI SYAFRIL ◽  
AWALUDDIN SARAGIH
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Objective: This study aimed to determine whether the antidiabetic effects of puguntano (Curanga fel-terrae [Lour.]) extract involve anti-inflammatory effects mediated through adiponectin receptors (AdipoRs). Methods: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) Wistar rats were induced by a combination of high-fat diet for 5 weeks and injection small dose streptozotocin 30 mg/kg bw/rat. This study was conducted in 48 T2DM rats, which were randomly assigned into two weight-matched groups (n=24, each). Only the treatment group received 0.2 mg/g bw of puguntano extract suspension through oral for 10 days. The clinical characteristics of T2DM and AdipoR were assessed before and after the treatment period. Results: The treatment group demonstrated significantly lower body weight, fasting blood glucose, and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) but higher AdipoR than the control group (all, p<0.001). Furthermore, there were also negative correlations between AdipoR to body weight and HOMA-IR (all, p<0.05). Conclusion: Our data suggest that puguntano could improve glucose metabolism and ameliorate insulin resistance and have anti-inflammatory effects mediated through AdipoR in T2DM.

scholarly journals glucose reducing effects of a physical regimen combining putu sila and tai chi in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the public health center of bima

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
A. Haris ◽  
Jubair Jubair ◽  
Julhana Julhana
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Glucose Levels

Diabetes mellitus hyperglycemia is a chronic disease characterized by the absence of insulin or a relative decrease in cell insensitivity to insulin that requires continuous treatment and ongoing self-management to prevent acute complications and reduce the risk of chronic complications. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is particularly by physical activity. This study aims to understand the difference between two exercise regimens on blood glucose levels reduction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test post-test control group design. 60 respondents were selected via random sampling and divided evenly into two groups of 30 individuals: 1) the treatment group; and 2) the control group. A Wilcoxon test performed on the treatment group yielded P-value = 0,005 < ? = 0,05 and a Wilcoxon test performed on the control group yielded P-value = 0,046 < ? = 0,05. The conclusion that can be drawn from this study is that physical activity has an effect of reducing blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and, when comparing the differences in blood glucose level reduction, a combined regimen of putu sila and Tai Chi is more effective than Tai Chi alone.

scholarly journals Derajat Keasaman (pH) Saliva Meningkat Setelah Berkumur Rebusan Daun Sirih Merah (Paper Crocatum) Konsentrasi 10% pada Lansia Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Regina TC. Tandelilin ◽  
Leny Pratiwi Arie Sandy ◽  
Meydistin Juwita Hondro
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Betel Leaf ◽  
Acidity Level

Dental caries is the major dental and oral health problems in Indonesia and world wide. Alteration in the saliva acidity level (pH) in the oral environment plays an important role in dental caries. Red betel leaf (piper crocatum) is a herbal plant that commonly found in Indonesia. Red betel leaf contains alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin and essential oil which have antibackterial activities. Objectives : The aim of this study was to determine the acidity change (pH) of saliva in elderly people with diabetes mellitus type 2 after gargling of 10% boiled red betel leaves.Methods : the subjects of this study were 30 persons who divided randomly into two groups i.e treatment group and control group. Each group consisted of 15 persons. In the treatment group, the subjects gargled using 10% boiled red betel leaves, while in the control group the subject gargled using aquades. The saliva was collected on each time treated and followed by pH measuring. The data analysis was conducted by Independent t-test statistic (p≤0,05).Results : the results showed that there was an effect of increasing salivary acidity (pH) of saliva after gargling boiled of red betel leaf (Piper crocatum) in elderly people with diabetes mellitus type 2. Conclusion : The change of acidity level (pH) of saliva was increased significantly at 5th to 15th minute from 5.33 to 6.67 after gargling boiled red betel leaves concentration of 10%. The acidity level range stated above indicates a normal. Key words : pH of saliva, red betel leaves, elderly, diabetes mellitus type 2

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of bromocriptine quick release as an add on therapy with metformin and glipizide in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: an open label randomized controlled study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 669
Author(s):  
Nithyapriya M. ◽  
S. Purushotaman
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Quick Release ◽  
Type 2 Dm

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder, treated by insulin and oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHA). Despite treatment, to protect diabetic population from its complications is difficult. So, there is a need for an OHA with different mechanism of action and minimal side effects. Bromocriptine Mesylate QR (Quick release) formulation was approved by FDA for treatment of type 2 DM. Hence, this study was planned to highlight the usefulness of Bromocriptine QR in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: Total 140 patients with type 2 DM were randomized into two groups. The control group was treated with Metformin 500 mg BD (twice daily) and Glipizide 5 mg BD for a period of 3 months. The study group received Bromocriptine quick release 1.6 mg once daily, metformin 500 mg BD and Glipizide 5 mg BD for a period of 3 months. In both control and study groups, fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose was monitored at 0, 1st, 2nd and 3rd month. HbA1C was done at baseline and at the end of 3 months.Results: There was statistically significant decrease in fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose and HbA1C when compared to baseline in both control group (p <0.05) and study group (p <0.05) at the end of 3 months. But the decrease in FBS, PPBS, HbA1C was higher in the study group (p=0.0001) than the control group (p=0.001).Conclusions: In type 2 DM patients, Bromocriptine QR, combined with metformin and Glipizide reduced fasting and postprandial blood glucose and HbA1C significantly compared to metformin and glipizide alone.

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