scholarly journals Curcumin Inhibits In Vitro SARS-CoV-2 Infection In Vero E6 Cells through Multiple Antiviral Mechanisms

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
pp. 6900
Author(s):  
Damariz Marín-Palma ◽  
Jorge H. Tabares-Guevara ◽  
María I. Zapata-Cardona ◽  
Lizdany Flórez-Álvarez ◽  
Lina M. Yepes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Infection ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Antiviral Effect ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Infection Treatment ◽  
Virucidal Effect ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Due to the scarcity of therapeutic approaches for COVID-19, we investigated the antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin against SARS-CoV-2 using in vitro models. The cytotoxicity of curcumin was evaluated using MTT assay in Vero E6 cells. The antiviral activity of this compound against SARS-CoV-2 was evaluated using four treatment strategies (i. pre–post infection treatment, ii. co-treatment, iii. pre-infection, and iv. post-infection). The D614G strain and Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 were used, and the viral titer was quantified by plaque assay. The anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using qPCR and ELISA. By pre–post infection treatment, Curcumin (10 µg/mL) exhibited antiviral effect of 99% and 99.8% against DG614 strain and Delta variant, respectively. Curcumin also inhibited D614G strain by pre-infection and post-infection treatment. In addition, curcumin showed a virucidal effect against D614G strain and Delta variant. Finally, the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8) released by PBMCs triggered by SARS-CoV-2 were decreased after treatment with curcumin. Our results suggest that curcumin affects the SARS-CoV-2 replicative cycle and exhibits virucidal effect with a variant/strain independent antiviral effect and immune-modulatory properties. This is the first study that showed a combined (antiviral/anti-inflammatory) effect of curcumin during SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, additional studies are required to define its use as a treatment for the COVID-19.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Yinhua Miyanling Tablet on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation through Suppression of NLRP3/Caspase-1 Inflammasome in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingying Sai ◽  
Lingxin Xiong ◽  
Jingtong Zheng ◽  
Chuangui Liu ◽  
Yanjiao Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Caspase 1 ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Yinhua Miyanling Tablet (YMT), the Chinese formula, has long been administrated in clinical practice for the treatment of acute pyelonephritis and acute urocystitis. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of YMTin vitroand to evaluate the association between anti-inflammation and innate immune response. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated using Ficoll density gradient centrifugation and then were stimulated by Lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The differential gene expression of inflammation-related genes after drug administration was assessed using PCR array, and the protein levels of differential genes were measured by ELISA and Western blot. The result showed that YMT significantly inhibited the expression of NLRP3, Caspase-1, and the downstream cytokine IL-1βand suppressed the production of inflammatory mediators TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, and MCP-1 in a dose-dependent manner compared to the LPS groupP<0.01. The finding indicated that YMT exhibited anti-inflammatory effectin vitroby suppressing the NLRP3/Caspase-1 inflammasome, and that may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Activities of an Extract from the Roots of Bupleurum rotundifolium

Medicines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cholet ◽  
Decombat ◽  
Vareille-Delarbre ◽  
Gainche ◽  
Berry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Bupleurum Scorzonerifolium Willd ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Profile ◽  
Bupleurum Scorzonerifolium

Background: Some Bupleurum species, such as the Bupleurum chinense DC. or the Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Willd have been extensively studied (especially their roots) for the treatment of inflammation. In contrast, only compounds extracted from the aerial parts of Bupleurum rotundifolium have been studied and showed anti-inflammatory or antiproliferative activities. This study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects of Bupleurum rotundifolium roots. Methods: To tackle the various aspects of inflammation, we studied in vitro a methanolic extract from the roots of Bupleurum rotundifolium on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), and the monocytic cells THP-1. Its antioxidant capacities and iron-chelating activity were assessed. The extract was tested on THP-1 differentiation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by leukocytes, neutrophils chemotaxis, cytokines, PGE2 production, and NF-κB activation in PBMCs. Results: The extract showed a decreased ROS production in stimulated cells. It increased PBMC chemokine secretion and up-regulated the differentiation of THP-1 monocytes into macrophage-like cells, indicating a potential interest of the extract in the resolution of acute inflammation. In addition, the analysis of cytokine production suggests that Bupleurum rotundifolium has immunomodulatory properties. Conclusions: Cytokines secretion, especially IL-1β and IL-12p70, provided us with a set of indicators suggesting that the extract might be able to drive the polarization of macrophages and lymphocytes toward a Th2 anti-inflammatory profile in excessive inflammation.

scholarly journals In vitro regulation of immunoglobulin synthesis after human marrow transplantation. II. Deficient T and non-T lymphocyte function within 3- 4 months of allogeneic, syngeneic, or autologous marrow grafting for hematologic malignancy

Blood ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 844-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
RP Witherspoon ◽  
LG Lum ◽  
R Storb ◽  
ED Thomas
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Hematologic Malignancy ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Pokeweed Mitogen ◽  
Lymphocyte Function ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Immunoglobulin Secretion

Abstract Immunoglobulin secretion was studied in 37 patients between 19 and 106 days after allogeneic HLA-identical (30 patients), allogeneic one HLA- haplotype-identical (three patients), syngeneic (three patients), or autologous (one patient) marrow grafting. E rosette-positive (T) and E rosette-negative (non-T) peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cocultured with pokeweed mitogen for 6 days. Polyvalent immunoglobulin secretion was determined by counting plaque forming cells in a reverse hemolytic plaque assay. The number of antibody secreting cells in cocultures of autologous T and non-T lymphocytes was low in 40 of 44 tests conducted on samples from the 37 patients. Mononuclear or non-T cells from 38 of 40 tests failed to produce antibody when cultured with normal helper T cells. T cells from 23 of 37 tests failed to help normal non-T cells secrete antibody. T lymphocytes from 23 of 41 tests suppressed antibody production greater than 80% by normal T and non-T cells. The suppressor cells were radiosensitive in 17 of the 25 tests. The abnormal function of lymphocyte subpopulations in patients during the first 3 mo after syngeneic, allogeneic or autologous marrow grafting was similar regardless of the type of graft or the presence of acute graft versus host disease.

scholarly journals Rare Acetogenins with Anti-Inflammatory Effect from the Red Alga Laurencia obtusa

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 476
Author(s):  
Walied Alarif ◽  
Sultan Al-Lihaibi ◽  
Nahed Bawakid ◽  
Ahmed Abdel-Lateff ◽  
Hamdan Al-malky
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Red Alga ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Organic Extract ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Three new rare C12 acetogenins (enyne derivatives 1–3) were isolated from the organic extract obtained from the red alga Laurencia obtusa, collected from the Red Sea. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were established by spectroscopical data analyses. Potent anti-inflammatory effect of the isolated metabolites was evidenced by inhibition of the release of inflammatory mediators (e.g., TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) by employing Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC).

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Silibinin on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Responses in Equine Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells, an In Vitro Study

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2022
Author(s):  
Enrico Gugliandolo ◽  
Rosalia Crupi ◽  
Vito Biondi ◽  
Patrizia Licata ◽  
Salvatore Cuzzocrea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Although inflammation is an important physiological response, it plays a prominent role in several diseases across the mammalian species. In horses, in particular, inflammation secondary to bacterial infection or translocation is one of the most frequent causes of morbidity and mortality. Research in new molecules with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory proprieties and safe use profile is constantly an active field; natural compounds are an important source of molecules with peculiar properties such as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory and immune modulating. Silibinin, a natural polyphenolic flavonoid, extracted from plant milk thistle, Silybum marianum, has been reported to have actions such as antioxidant immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory. The aim of this study was to test the effect of silibinin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response in equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Our results showed the protective effect of silibinin 10 μM and 50 μM in equine PBMCs stimulated with LPS. Silibilinin was able to prevent the LPS induced increased levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8. The results from this study on LPS-stimulated equine PBMCs showed that silibinin could be a useful pharmacological approach in treatment or prevention of several inflammatory conditions in horse.

Abstract 580: Lutein Reduces Inflammation in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease by Suppressing Cytokine and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Secretion From Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosanna W Chung ◽  
Per Leanderson ◽  
Anna K Lundberg ◽  
Lena Jonasson
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Stable Cad ◽  
Metalloproteinase 9

Introduction: Low plasma carotenoid levels are associated with increased cardiovascular risk factors. Carotenoids are anti-oxidants with potential anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we measured different types of carotenoid in plasma and assessed their relationship with interleukin-6 (IL-6) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or stable coronary artery disease (CAD). A sub-cohort was followed for 12 months. Moreover, we assessed the anti-inflammatory effects of lutein in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) collected from CAD patients. Methods: We included 48 ACS and 109 stable CAD patients. Circulating levels of lutein+zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, α- and β-carotene, and IL-6 were measured. Lutein and zeaxanthin are isomers and as such measured together. Lutein, however, is the major form of the isomers. PBMC were treated with lutein (1μM, 5μM and 25μM) for 24hr followed by 24hr incubation with or without LPS. Cytokines and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in cell media were measured. Results: Levels of lutein+zeaxanthin and lycopene were inversely correlated to IL-6 in the whole cohort, p <0.001 and p <0.05, respectively. In stable CAD patients, only lutein+zeaxanthin were correlated to IL-6 ( p <0.001). In the sub-cohort (n=33), changes in IL-6 were inversely correlated to changes in lutein+zeaxanthin at the 3 rd month ( p <0.01) and 12 th month ( p <0.05). Changes in IL-6 were also inversely correlated to changes in lycopene levels at 12 th month ( p <0.05). Other carotenoids did not correlate to IL-6 in plasma. In vitro , spontaneous and LPS-induced secretion of cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α) and MMP-9 from PBMC were dose-dependently and significantly reduced by lutein. Conclusions: The clinical findings indicated that lutein+zeaxanthin might play a role in resolution of inflammation in CAD patients. In vitro , we were able to confirm that lutein exerted anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing secretion of inflammatory cytokines and MMP-9 from PBMC.

scholarly journals Beyond the Biological Effect of a Chemically Characterized Poplar Propolis: Antibacterial and Antiviral Activity and Comparison with Flurbiprofen in Cytokines Release by LPS-Stimulated Human Mononuclear Cells

Biomedicines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Governa ◽  
Maria Grazia Cusi ◽  
Vittoria Borgonetti ◽  
José Mauricio Sforcin ◽  
Chiara Terrosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Human Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Bee propolis, especially Euro-Asian poplar propolis, is among the most well-known natural products traditionally used to treat pharyngitis and minor wounds. The aim of this research was to investigate the pharmacological properties responsible for poplar propolis effectiveness using, for the first time, different in vitro approaches applied to a chemically characterized sample. The anti-inflammatory activity was compared with flurbiprofen by determining pro-inflammatory cytokines released by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). The antibacterial activity against Gram+ and Gram- bacteria was assessed, as well as antiviral effects on H1N1 influenza a virus. Poplar propolis (5 and 25 µg/mL) exerted a concentration-dependent anti-inflammatory activity. In this range of concentrations, propolis effect was not inferior to flurbiprofen on cytokines released by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human PBMC. Poplar propolis was found to upregulate IL-6 and IL-1β in non-stimulated PBMC. S. aureus, S. pyogenes, and S. pneumoniae were the most susceptible bacterial strains with inhibitory concentrations ranging from 156 to 625 µg/mL. A direct anti-influenza activity was not clearly seen. Effective anti-inflammatory concentrations of propolis were significantly lower than the antibacterial and antiviral ones and results suggested that the anti-inflammatory activity was the most important feature of poplar propolis linked to its rationale use in medicine.

scholarly journals Alpha-Cyclodextrin Sulphate, an anti-HIV Agent, Retains its Antiviral Effect in the Presence of Hydrocortisol Phosphate

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pitha ◽  
R. Anand
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Antiviral Effect ◽  
Simultaneous Treatment ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Antiviral Compound ◽  
Cytopathic Effects ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Hiv 1

Cyclodextrin sulphates alpha (a) and beta (b) were found to be inhibitors of replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) in phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC); the same cells were also stimulated to proliferate (Anand et al., 1990). B-Cyclodextrin sulphate was also found to stimulate another, more complex, cell proliferation-neovascularization process in rabbit cornea (Folkman et al., 1989). Since the process of neovascularization is generally associated with progression of tumour growth and other pathologies, it is obvious that its stimulation by an antiviral compound may be a serious side effect. Nevertheless endotoxin-induced neovascularization can be suppressed by simultaneous treatment with b-cyclodextrin sulphate and glucocorticoids (Folkman et al., 1989). The same co-treatment may possibly be used to improve antiviral action of cyclodextrin sulphates, but such a combination therapy may not be free of complications. Glucocorticoids also affect the stability of various cellular membranes. Treatment of cells in vitro by glucocorticoids is known to stabilize their lysozymes. Glucocorticoids affect both the proliferative capacity of the cells (Cristofalo, 1972) and cytopathic effects of rabies viral infection. Furthermore, it has been reported that the cytopathic effects of rabies and of yellow fever viruses were inhibited while those of the polio virus were only mildly affected (Hannoun et al., 1965). Consequently, in this work we evaluated effects of a glucocorticoid and of glucocorticoid-a-cyclodextrin sulphate combination on HIV-1 replication.

scholarly journals In vitro regulation of immunoglobulin synthesis after human marrow transplantation. II. Deficient T and non-T lymphocyte function within 3- 4 months of allogeneic, syngeneic, or autologous marrow grafting for hematologic malignancy

Blood ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 844-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
RP Witherspoon ◽  
LG Lum ◽  
R Storb ◽  
ED Thomas
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Hematologic Malignancy ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Pokeweed Mitogen ◽  
Lymphocyte Function ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Immunoglobulin Secretion

Immunoglobulin secretion was studied in 37 patients between 19 and 106 days after allogeneic HLA-identical (30 patients), allogeneic one HLA- haplotype-identical (three patients), syngeneic (three patients), or autologous (one patient) marrow grafting. E rosette-positive (T) and E rosette-negative (non-T) peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cocultured with pokeweed mitogen for 6 days. Polyvalent immunoglobulin secretion was determined by counting plaque forming cells in a reverse hemolytic plaque assay. The number of antibody secreting cells in cocultures of autologous T and non-T lymphocytes was low in 40 of 44 tests conducted on samples from the 37 patients. Mononuclear or non-T cells from 38 of 40 tests failed to produce antibody when cultured with normal helper T cells. T cells from 23 of 37 tests failed to help normal non-T cells secrete antibody. T lymphocytes from 23 of 41 tests suppressed antibody production greater than 80% by normal T and non-T cells. The suppressor cells were radiosensitive in 17 of the 25 tests. The abnormal function of lymphocyte subpopulations in patients during the first 3 mo after syngeneic, allogeneic or autologous marrow grafting was similar regardless of the type of graft or the presence of acute graft versus host disease.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Fucoidan Extracts In Vitro

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 702
Author(s):  
Tauseef Ahmad ◽  
Mathew Suji Eapen ◽  
Muhammad Ishaq ◽  
Ah Young Park ◽  
Samuel S. Karpiniec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Laminaria Japonica ◽  
Macrocystis Pyrifera ◽  
Human Macrophage ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Fucoidans are sulfated, complex, fucose-rich polymers found in brown seaweeds. Fucoidans have been shown to have multiple bioactivities, including anti-inflammatory effects, and are known to inhibit inflammatory processes via a number of pathways such as selectin blockade and enzyme inhibition, and have demonstrated inhibition of inflammatory pathologies in vivo. In this current investigation, fucoidan extracts from Undaria pinnatifida, Fucus vesiculosus, Macrocystis pyrifera, Ascophyllum nodosum, and Laminaria japonica were assessed for modulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and in a human macrophage line (THP-1). Fucoidan extracts exhibited no signs of cytotoxicity in THP-1 cells after incubation of 48 h. Additionally, all fucoidan extracts reduced cytokine production in LPS stimulated PBMCs and human THP-1 cells in a dose-dependent fashion. Notably, the 5–30 kDa subfraction from Macrocystis pyrifera was a highly effective inhibitor at lower concentrations. Fucoidan extracts from all species had significant anti-inflammatory effects, but the lowest molecular weight subfractions had maximal effects at low concentrations. These observations on various fucoidan extracts offer insight into strategies that improve their efficacy against inflammation-related pathology. Further studies should be conducted to elucidate the mechanism of action of these extracts.

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