Congo Red Decolorization Using Textile Filters and Laccase-Based Nanocomposites in Continuous Flow Bioreactors

Removal of azo and diazo dye content from textile industry wastewaters is crucial due to their environmental impact. Here, we report on the use of the fungal laccase from Pycnoporus sanguineus CS43 immobilized on silica nanoparticles and entrapped in textile-based filters for the degradation of Congo Red. Laccase immobilization and synthesis of the nanocomposites were carried out by two different methods, one in the presence of acetone and the second using water as solvent. This led to a change in the hydrophobicity of the obtained biofilters. Successful preparation of the nanocomposites was confirmed via FTIR spectroscopy. Changes in the secondary structure of the enzyme were inspected through the second derivative of the FTIR spectra. Six different types of filter were fabricated and tested in a continuous flow bioreactor in terms of their decolorization capabilities of Congo Red. The results indicate removal efficiencies that approached 40% for enzymes immobilized on the more hydrophobic supports. Backscattered electron (BSE) images of the different filters were obtained before and after the decolorization process. Percentage of decolorization and activity loss were determined as a function of time until a plateau in decolorization activity was reached. Experimental data was used to recreate the decolorization process in COMSOL Multiphysics® (Stockholm, Sweden). These simulations were used to determine the proper combination of parameters to maximize decolorization. Our findings suggest that the treatment of textile-based filters with immobilized laccase in conjunction with hydrophobic nanocomposites provides a suitable avenue to achieve more efficient laccase dye decolorization (39%) than that obtained with similar filters treated only with free laccase (8%). Filters treated with silica-based nanocomposites and immobilized laccases showed an increase in their decolorization capability, probably due to changes in their wetting phenomena.

Download Full-text

Decolourisation and Biodegradation of Textile Di-azo Dye Congo Red by Chryseobacterium geocarposphaerae DD3

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su131910850 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (19) ◽

pp. 10850

Author(s):

Shrabana Sarkar ◽

Alex Echeverría-Vega ◽

Aparna Banerjee ◽

Rajib Bandopadhyay

Keyword(s):

Congo Red ◽

Textile Industry ◽

Azo Dye ◽

Multivariate Analyses ◽

Dye Degradation ◽

Health Indicators ◽

Contaminated Water ◽

Before And After ◽

Bacterial Treatment ◽

Near Future

In the present study, Chryseobacterium geocarposphaerae DD3 isolated from textile industry dye effluent in West Bengal, India, displayed significant tolerance to sulfonated di-azo dye Congo red (CR), up to 500 ppm. The optimum decolourisation revealed that C. geocarposphaerae DD3 was capable of 96.52% decolourisation of 0.2 g L−1 CR within 12 h of treatment in the presence of 5 g L−1 glucose as supplementary carbon source. Biodegradation analysis of decolourised CR containing water was investigated by FTIR, MS and 1H NMR, which confirmed the absence of azo bond as well as the toxic aromatic amines. Further, phytotoxicity analysis was performed to assess the toxicity of CR before and after bacterial treatment. Growth indexes of Vigna radiata L. seed confirmed that the biodegraded water was non-phytotoxic in comparison to the control CR solution. Multivariate analyses confirmed the same, showing significant differences between measured plant health indicators for CR solutions, whereas no significant differences were found between distilled and treated water. This study is novel as it is the first report of dye degradation by C. geocarposphaerae and may lead to a sustainable way of treating dye-contaminated water in the near future.

Download Full-text

Laccase Immobilized onto Zirconia–Silica Hybrid Doped with Cu2+ as an Effective Biocatalytic System for Decolorization of Dyes

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma12081252 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. 1252 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Katarzyna Jankowska ◽

Filip Ciesielczyk ◽

Karolina Bachosz ◽

Jakub Zdarta ◽

Ewa Kaczorek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Textile Industry ◽

Copper Ions ◽

Enzyme Stability ◽

Artemia Salina ◽

Stability Parameters ◽

Oxide Support ◽

Enzymatic Decolorization ◽

Before And After ◽

Living Organisms ◽

Laccase Immobilization

Nowadays, novel and advanced methods are being sought to efficiently remove dyes from wastewaters. These compounds, which mainly originate from the textile industry, may adversely affect the aquatic environment as well as living organisms. Thus, in presented study, the synthesized ZrO2–SiO2 and Cu2+-doped ZrO2–SiO2 oxide materials were used for the first time as supports for laccase immobilization, which was carried out for 1 h, at pH 5 and 25 °C. The materials were thoroughly characterized before and after laccase immobilization with respect to electrokinetic stability, parameters of the porous structure, morphology and type of surface functional groups. Additionally, the immobilization yields were defined, which reached 86% and 94% for ZrO2–SiO2–laccase and ZrO2–SiO2/Cu2+–laccase, respectively. Furthermore, the obtained biocatalytic systems were used for enzymatic decolorization of the Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) dye from model aqueous solutions, under various reaction conditions (time, temperature, pH). The best conditions of the decolorization process (24 h, 30 °C and pH = 4) allowed to achieve the highest decolorization efficiencies of 98% and 90% for ZrO2–SiO2–laccase and ZrO2–SiO2/Cu2+–laccase, respectively. Finally, it was established that the mortality of Artemia salina in solutions after enzymatic decolorization was lower by approx. 20% and 30% for ZrO2–SiO2–laccase and ZrO2–SiO2/Cu2+–laccase, respectively, as compared to the solution before enzymatic treatment, which indicated lower toxicity of the solution. Thus, it should be clearly stated that doping of the oxide support with copper ions positively affects enzyme stability, activity and, in consequence, the removal efficiency of the RBBR dye.

Download Full-text

Immunologic effects of continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices before and after heart transplant

The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation ◽

10.1016/j.healun.2016.05.001 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 35 (8) ◽

pp. 1024-1030 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Byung-Soo Ko ◽

Stavros Drakos ◽

Abdallah G. Kfoury ◽

Denise Hurst ◽

Gregory J. Stoddard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Transplant ◽

Continuous Flow ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Ventricular Assist Devices ◽

Left Ventricular Assist Devices ◽

Ventricular Assist ◽

Assist Devices ◽

Left Ventricular Assist ◽

Before And After

Download Full-text

Luffa cylindrica Immobilized with Aspergillus terreus QMS-1: an Efficient and Cost-Effective Strategy for the Removal of Congo Red using Stirred Tank Reactor

Polish Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.33073/pjm-2020-022 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 69 (2) ◽

pp. 193-203

Author(s):

QANDEEL LARAIB ◽

MARYAM SHAFIQUE ◽

NUSRAT JABEEN ◽

SEHAR AFSHAN NAZ ◽

HAFIZ RUB NAWAZ ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Congo Red ◽

Textile Industry ◽

Aspergillus Terreus ◽

Quantitative Estimation ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Stirred Tank ◽

Luffa Cylindrica ◽

Stirred Tank Bioreactor ◽

Efficient System

Microbial populations within the rhizosphere have been considered as prosperous repositories with respect to bioremediation aptitude. Among various environmental contaminants, effluent from textile industries holds a huge amount of noxious colored materials having high chemical oxygen demand concentrations causing ecological disturbances. The study was aimed to explore the promising mycobiome of rhizospheric soil for the degradation of azo dyes to develop an efficient system for the exclusion of toxic recalcitrants. An effluent sample from the textile industry and soil samples from the rhizospheric region of Musa acuminata and Azadirachta indica were screened for indigenous fungi to decolorize Congo red, a carcinogenic diazo dye, particularly known for its health hazards to the community. To develop a bio-treatment process, Aspergillus terreus QMS-1 was immobilized on pieces of Luffa cylindrica and exploited in stirred tank bioreactor under aerobic and optimized environment. Quantitative estimation of Congo red decolorization was carried out using UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The effects of fungal immobilization and biosorption on the native structure of Luffa cylindrica were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope. A. terreus QMS-1 can remove (92%) of the dye at 100 ppm within 24 h in the presence of 1% glucose and 1% ammonium sulphate at pH 5.0. The operation of the bioreactor in a continuous flow for 12 h with 100 ppm of Congo red dye in simulated textile effluent resulted in 97% decolorization. The stirred tank bioreactor was found to be a dynamic, well maintained, no sludge producing approach for the treatment of textile effluents by A. terreus QMS-1 of the significant potential for decolorization of Congo red.

Download Full-text

The Banco de Avío

10.12987/yale/9780300233919.003.0015 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 442-464

Author(s):

Eric Van Young

Keyword(s):

Development Strategy ◽

Textile Industry ◽

The State ◽

Development Bank ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Before And After ◽

Silver Mining ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

Textile Sector

At Alamán’s initiative a law of 1830 established the Banco de Avío, a government-funded development bank for the spurring of industrialization, especially in the textile sector, with which his name has forever been associated. His views of industrialization as a development strategy as opposed to a renewed reliance upon silver mining are discussed, as well as the short- and long-term effects of loans made to textile entrepreneurs and the cronyism employed by Alamán both in organizing the Banco itself and in allotting its capital as loans to industrialists. The state of the textile industry in Mexico before and after the Banco is described.

Download Full-text

Enhanced Catalytic Dye Decolorization by Microencapsulation of Laccase from P. Sanguineus CS43 in Natural and Synthetic Polymers

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym12061353 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 1353

Author(s):

Natalia Lopez-Barbosa ◽

Ana Lucía Campaña ◽

Juan C. Cruz ◽

Nancy Ornelas-Soto ◽

Johann F. Osma

Keyword(s):

Catalytic Activity ◽

Confocal Microscopy ◽

Fluorescent Dyes ◽

Fold Increase ◽

Dye Decolorization ◽

Reaction Rates ◽

Lower Amount ◽

Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Initial Reaction ◽

Pycnoporus Sanguineus

Polymeric microcapsules with the fungal laccase from Pycnoporus sanguineus CS43 may represent an attractive avenue for the removal or degradation of dyes from wastewaters. Microcapsules of alginate/chitosan (9.23 ± 0.12 µm) and poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS) (9.25 ± 0.35 µm) were synthesized and subsequently tested for catalytic activity in the decolorization of the diazo dye Congo Red. Successful encapsulation into the materials was verified via confocal microscopy of labeled enzyme molecules. Laccase activity was measured as a function of time and the initial reaction rates were recovered for each preparation, showing up to sevenfold increase with respect to free laccase. The ability of substrates to diffuse through the pores of the microcapsules was evaluated with the aid of fluorescent dyes and confocal microscopy. pH and thermal stability were also measured for encapsulates, showing catalytic activity for pH values as low as 4 and temperatures of about 80 °C. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses demonstrated the ability of PSS capsules to avoid accumulation of byproducts and, therefore, superior catalytic performance. This was corroborated by the direct observation of substrates diffusing in and out of the materials. Compared with our PSS preparation, alginate/chitosan microcapsules studied by others degrade 2.6 times more dye, albeit with a 135-fold increase in units of enzyme per mg of dye. Similarly, poly(vinyl) alcohol microcapsules from degrade 1.7 times more dye, despite an eightfold increase in units of enzyme per mg of dye. This could be potentially beneficial from the economic viewpoint as a significantly lower amount of enzyme might be needed for the same decolorization level achieved with similar encapsulated systems.

Download Full-text

PENURUNAN BOD, COD, DAN ZAT WARNA LIMBAH PENCELUPAN DENGAN FITOEKSTRAKSI MENGGUNAKAN KIAMBANG (Salvinia natans)

Bumi Lestari Journal of Environment ◽

10.24843/blje.2016.v16.i01.p02 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

I G.A. Kunti Sri Panca Dewi ◽

Putu Suarya ◽

Iryanti E. Suprihatin ◽

Wahyu Dwijani S.

Keyword(s):

Methylene Blue ◽

Growth Medium ◽

Congo Red ◽

Treatment Technique ◽

Time Treatment ◽

Textile Dyeing ◽

Before And After ◽

Long Time ◽

Salvinia Natans

This research was conducted to study the potential of the plants ‘useless’ as kiambang(Salvinia natans) which are easy to find, and not as valuable as textile dyeing waste handlingmedia. Treatment technique used is to replace the growth medium with the waste in questionin this case of waste taken in the dyeing industry. The concentration of methylene blueinwaste of dye, and congo red, before and after treatment, determined by spectrophotometry.Fluid absorbance was measured at a wavelength of 664 nm for methylene blue and 496 nmfor congo red. Long time treatment used is 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, and 48 hours. These resultsindicate that kiambang (Salvinia natans) is useful to lower BOD and COD of waste dyeing,although its ability to reduce the content of the dye congo red and blue methyl insignificant.This may be caused by too concentrated the dyeing waste.

Download Full-text