scholarly journals Calcium Alginate Beads with Entrapped Iron Oxide Magnetic Nanoparticles Functionalized with Methionine—A Versatile Adsorbent for Arsenic Removal

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1345
Author(s):  
Surbhi Lilhare ◽  
Sunitha B. Mathew ◽  
Ajaya K. Singh ◽  
Sónia A. C. Carabineiro
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Calcium Alginate ◽  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Entropy Change ◽  
Alginate Beads ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Transmission Electron

A novel beads adsorbent, consisting of calcium alginate entrapped on magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with methionine (MFMNABs), was developed for effective elimination of arsenic from water. The material was characterized by FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopic), XRD (X-ray Diffraction) and TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy). The arsenic removal capacity of the material was studied by altering variables such as pH of the solution, contact time, adsorbent dose and adsorbate concentration. The maximal removal of As(III) was 99.56% under optimal conditions with an equilibrium time of 110 min and pH 7.0–7.5. The adsorption followed a second order kinetics and data best fitted the Langmuir isotherm with a correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.9890 and adsorption capacity (qm) of 6.6533 mg/g. The thermodynamic study showed entropy change (∆S) and enthalpy change (∆H) to be 34.32 J mol−1 K and 5.25 kJ mol−1, respectively. This study proved that it was feasible to treat an As(III) solution with MFMNABs. The synthesized adsorbent was cost-effective, environmentally friendly and versatile, compared to other adsorbents. The adsorption study was carried by low cost spectrophotometric method using N- bromosuccinimide and rhodamine-B developed in our laboratory.

scholarly journals Mangosteen Peel-Alginate Biocomposite Beads An Efficient and Sustainable Adsorbent For Decontamination of Methylene Blue

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Nasrullah ◽  
Amir Sada Khan ◽  
A. H. Bhat ◽  
Taghreed M. Fagieh ◽  
Ersaa M. Bakhsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Alginate Beads ◽  
Basic Medium ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Best Fit

Abstract This study examines mangosteen peels waste and alginate beads (MPAB) as an efficient, sustainable and low-cost adsorbent for removal of methylene blue (MB) cationic dye from aqueous solution in a batch adsorption system. Surface functional groups, surface morphology, surface properties, and thermal stability of MBAB were analyzed using various instrumental techniques such as FTIR, FESEM, BET and TGA techniques. MPAB adsorption efficiency for MB was investigated through variation of dosage (0.01- 0.08g), pH (2- 10), contact time (60- 1320 min), MB concentration (20- 100 mg/L) and temperature (298- 333K). MPAB showed maximum removal capacity of 373 mg/g at 25 oC in basic medium. Kinetic and isotherm studies showed that pseudo second order kinetic models and both Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms best fit the experimental data. The findings revealed that novel MPAB has the potential to be a cost-effective adsorbent for removal of textile dyes.

A contribution to solve the arsenic problem in groundwater of Ganges Delta by in-situ treatment

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 2009-2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Rott ◽  
H. Kauffmann
Keyword(s):  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Manganese Removal ◽  
Arsenic In Groundwater ◽  
Cost Effective Treatment ◽  
Removal Of Arsenic

Arsenic in groundwater is a huge problem in numerous regions of the world. Many people are exposed to high arsenic concentrations and consequently risk getting ill or even die as a result of arsenic poisoning. There are several efficient technologies for the removal of arsenic but often these methods have disadvantages, e.g. high costs for installation and/or operation, the need for chemicals or the production of arsenic contaminated filter sludge. These disadvantages can make the application difficult, especially in poor regions. Under suitable ancillary conditions the subterranean (in-situ) treatment, which is often used for iron and manganese removal from groundwater, can also be applied for the removal of arsenic and can be a cost-effective treatment technology. A field trial was carried out with a low-cost in-situ treatment plant in West Bengal/India which is described in this paper, in order to investigate whether this treatment technology is also applicable under the boundary conditions there. As for the in-situ treatment technology besides oxygen no additives are required and no arsenic contaminated filter sludge is produced this technology could be a suitable method for arsenic removal especially in poor regions.

New preparation approach, electrical and mechanical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)-loaded graphene films

2019 ◽  
pp. 089270571987394
Author(s):  
Osama Saber ◽  
Mohammed Abu-Abdeen ◽  
A Aljaafari ◽  
Javed Mazher ◽  
Mohamad M Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Graphene Nanosheets ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Graphene Sheets ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
One Step

Previous publications showed that graphene sheets polymer nanocomopsites were prepared by incorporating previously prepared graphene into the polymer matrix through two or more successive steps. In this work, graphene sheets were exfoliated from graphite inside the polymer matrix solution for certain period in one step. This approach was easy to perform, low cost, high mass production of graphene and, almost, produces effective results. In this respect, electrolytic solution from poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and salt was prepared and exfoliation process took place inside it for different times. After that, solution was dried to get films of PVA loaded with different concentrations of graphene sheets. Scanning electron microscopic and transmission electron microscopic images of exfoliated graphene sheets were studied. Raman spectroscopy of graphite, graphene nanosheets, and PVA-loaded graphene was studied. The dielectric permittivity, dielectric loss, and alternating current electrical conductivity were studied and had maximum values at 10 min of exfoliation time. Cole–Cole impedance plots show semicircles behavior with lowest radius for samples prepared at 10 min. The elastic modulus was found to have a maximum value at exfoliation time of 30 min.

scholarly journals Reactivity and Heavy Metal Removal Capacity of Calcium Alginate Beads Loaded with Ca–Al Layered Double Hydroxides

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres Borgiallo ◽  
Ricardo Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Layered Double Hydroxides ◽  
Calcium Alginate ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Alginate Beads ◽  
Buffering Capacity ◽  
Uptake Capacity ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Double Hydroxides

Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) present multiple applications due to their versatility and reactivity. Thus, Ca–Al LDHs with Friedel’s salt structure (HC) have been proposed as heavy metal scavengers due to their buffering capacity at basic pHs. Nevertheless, the control of the reactivity of LDHs such as HC is necessary to optimize their applications. Here, the reactivity of an HC prepared by a coprecipitation method was modified by its inclusion in calcium alginate (CaAlg) beads prepared by ionic gelation. The obtained beads (CaAlg/HC) showed good dispersion of the HC particles in the alginate matrix and were used to test the acid base reactivity and heavy metal uptake capacity compared with pure CaAlg beads and HC powder separately. The pH buffering capacity of CaAlg beads was enriched by the inclusion of HC that, in turn, was modulated in its reactivity. Thus, the HC dissolution times changed from mere seconds for the powder to tens of minutes when enclosed in the beads in a kinetic profile determined by the diffusive step. On the other hand, Cu2+ uptake capacity of CaAlg/HC beads combined the Cu(OH)2 precipitation capacity of HC with the complexation capacity of alginate, reaching good affinity and capacity for the obtained beads. Nevertheless, the precipitation of the hydroxide was produced outside the bead, which would induce the addition of an additional separation step to produce an acceptable Cu2+ elimination.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization, and Analysis of Hybrid Carbon Nanotubes by Chemical Vapor Deposition: Application for Aluminum Removal

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfarooq Basheer ◽  
Marlia Hanafiah ◽  
Mohammed Alsaadi ◽  
Wan Wan Yaacob ◽  
Y. Al-Douri
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Chemical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Hybrid Carbon

Hybrid carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are grown on biomass powder-activated carbon (bio-PAC) by loading iron nanoparticles (Fe) as catalyst templates using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and using acetylene as carbon source, under specific conditions as reaction temperature, time, and gas ratio that are 550 °C, 47 min, and 1, respectively. Specifications of hybrid CNTs were analyzed and characterized using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopic (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), surface area Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and zeta potential. The results revealed the high quality and unique morphologies of hybrid CNTs. Furthermore, removal and capacity of Al3+ were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). However, the results revealed that the pseudo-second-order model well represented adsorption kinetic data, while the isotherm data were effectively fitted using a Freundlich model. The maximum adsorption capacity was 347.88 mg/g. It could be concluded that synthesized hybrid CNTs are a new cost-effective and promising adsorbent for removing Al3+ ion from wastewater.

scholarly journals Energy Efficient Rapid Removal of Arsenic in an Electrocoagulation Reactor with Hybrid Fe/Al Electrodes: Process Optimization Using CCD and Kinetic Modeling

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saif Ullah Khan ◽  
Izharul Haq Farooqi ◽  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Farrukh Basheer
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Ferric Hydroxide ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Removal Of Arsenic

Threats due to insufficient, inadequate and costlier methods of treating contaminants such as arsenic have emphasized the significance of optimizing and managing the processes adopted. This study was aimed at the complete elimination of arsenic from an aqueous medium with minimum energy consumption using the electrocoagulation process. Arsenic removal around 95% was rapidly attained for optimized conditions having a pH of 7, 0.46 A current intensity, 10 mg/L initial concentration and only 2 min of applied time duration using the energy of 3.1 watt-hour per gram of arsenic removed. Low values of applied current for longer durations resulted in the complete removal of arsenic with low energy consumption. Various hydroxide complexes including ferrous hydroxide and ferric hydroxide assisted in the removal of arsenic by adsorption along with co-precipitation. Surface models obtained were checked and found with a reasonably good fit having high values of coefficient of determination of 0.933 and 0.980 for removal efficiency and energy consumption, respectively. Adsorption was found to follow pseudo-first-order kinetics. Multivariate optimization proved it as a low-cost effective technology having an operational cost of 0.0974 Indian rupees (equivalent to USD 0.0013) per gram removal of arsenic. Overall, the process was well optimized using CCD based on response surface methodology.

scholarly journals Towards Detection of Glycoproteins Using Molecularly Imprinted Nanoparticles and Boronic Acid-Modified Fluorescent Probe

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingdong Jiang ◽  
Rui Lu ◽  
Lei Ye
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Probe ◽  
Boronic Acid ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cold Chain ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Glycosylation Sites ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Aminophenylboronic Acid

Glycoproteins represent a group of important biomarkers for cancer and other life-threatening diseases. Selective detection of specific glycoproteins is an important step for early diagnosis. Traditional glycoprotein assays are mostly based on lectins, antibodies, and enzymes, biochemical reagents that are costly and require special cold chain storage and distribution. To address the shortcomings of the existing glycoprotein assays, we propose a new approach using protein-imprinted nanoparticles to replace the traditional lectins and antibodies. Protein-imprinted binding sites were created on the surface of silica nanoparticles by copolymerization of dopamine and aminophenylboronic acid. The imprinted nanoparticles were systematically characterized by dynamic light scattering, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. A boronic acid-modified fluorescent probe was used to detect the target glycoprotein captured by the imprinted nanoparticles. Using horseradish peroxidase as a model glycoprotein, we demonstrated that the proposed method can be applied to detect target protein containing multiple glycosylation sites. Because of their outstanding stability and low cost, imprinted nanoparticles and synthetic probes are attractive replacements of traditional biochemical reagents to develop simpler, faster, and more cost-effective analytical methods for glycoproteins.

Local innovation for application of membrane system for supply of arsenic-safe water in rural Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Tashfia Aktar ◽  
Hossain Barsha ◽  
Fardeen Arafat ◽  
Nadim Reza Khandaker ◽  
Barsha Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Arsenic Concentration ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Hydraulic Pressure ◽  
Rural Bangladesh ◽  
The People ◽  
Removal Technologies

Over seventy million people in Bangladesh are drinking arsenic contaminated water. There is a lack of available sustainable arsenic removal technologies in the rural Bangladesh. This paper reports on a successful retrofit that allows for readily available, cost effective and dependable membrane system application for arsenic removal in rural Bangladesh. The retrofit is very simple, overcoming the limitation of a hydraulic pressure by a low cost pump placement in line to the membrane system. The system was field tested in a well with high arsenic concentration 0.1 mg/L (Government of Bangladesh Limit is 0.05 mg/L), along with high iron and hardness. In the field trial, the retrofitted technology was successful and produced water that does not contain any arsenic (0.0 mg/L), low in iron, and low in hardness. The system cost, along with the retrofitting, is only a hundred and seventy US dollars, a sum within the reach of many in Bangladesh. It is also important to note that we are using an existing technology available off the shelf and retrofitting it using locally available materials. The work reported in the paper will create a significant impact relief to the people in the arsenic affected regions of Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Magnetic nanocomposite derived from Nopal cactus biopolymer and magnetic nanoparticles used for the microalgae flocculation of aqueous solution

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 3469-3493
Author(s):  
Lan Huong Nguyen ◽  
Huu Tap Van ◽  
Duong Hong Quan ◽  
Phuong Thuy Thi Pham
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ultrasonic Waves ◽  
Magnetic Nanocomposite ◽  
Magnetic Nanomaterials ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles

A magnetic nanocomposite, using a Nopal cactus-derived biopolymer in combination with NH4OH-modified cobalt superparamagnetic (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles, was developed as a green flocculant system for recovery of microalgae from aqueous solutions. The obtained magnetic nanomaterials were subsequently dispersed in the biopolymer matrix with the support of ultrasonic waves. The effects of various factors on pectin extraction, fabrication of nanocomposites, and the flocculation process of microalgae were also studied. The characteristics of the obtained materials (pectin, modified magnetic nanoparticles, and nanocomposites) were evaluated via X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and zeta potential analysis. The optimal conditions for pectin extraction from Nopal cactus, as well as the fabrication of magnetic nanoparticles, modified magnetic nanoparticles, and nanocomposite were reported. The characteristic data of the fabricated materials showed heat resistance and abundant surface functional groups with high magnetization. The observed flocculation was attributed to the aggregation of unstable and small particles through surface charge neutralization, electrostatic patching, and/or bridging after addition of flocculants. The results showed that the nanocomposites could be a potential green flocculant for recovering microalgae with low cost and high efficiency.

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