scholarly journals Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Autophagy Markers in Soleus Muscle Disuse-Induced Atrophy of Rats Treated with Fish Oil

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2298
Author(s):  
Gabriel Nasri Marzuca-Nassr ◽  
Wilson Mitsuo Tatagiba Kuwabara ◽  
Kaio Fernando Vitzel ◽  
Gilson Masahiro Murata ◽  
Rosângela Pavan Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ◽  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Hindlimb Suspension ◽  
Fish Oils ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Post Hoc

Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and autophagy pathways are implicated in disuse muscle atrophy. The effects of high eicosapentaenoic (EPA) or high docosahexaenoic (DHA) fish oils on soleus muscle ERS and autophagy markers were investigated in a rat hindlimb suspension (HS) atrophy model. Adult Wistar male rats received daily by gavage supplementation (0.3 mL per 100 g b.w.) of mineral oil or high EPA or high DHA fish oils (FOs) for two weeks. Afterward, the rats were subjected to HS and the respective treatments concomitantly for an additional two-week period. After four weeks, we evaluated ERS and autophagy markers in the soleus muscle. Results were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni post hoc test. Gastrocnemius muscle ω-6/ω-3 fatty acids (FAs) ratio was decreased by both FOs indicating the tissue incorporation of omega-3 fatty acids. HS altered (p < 0.05) the protein content (decreasing total p38 and BiP and increasing p-JNK2/total JNK2 ratio, and caspase 3) and gene expressions (decreasing BiP and increasing IRE1 and PERK) of ERS and autophagy (decreasing Beclin and increasing LC3 and ATG14) markers in soleus. Both FOs attenuated (p < 0.05) the increase in PERK and ATG14 expressions induced by HS. Thus, both FOs could potentially attenuate ERS and autophagy in skeletal muscles undergoing atrophy.

scholarly journals Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Insulin Resistance: Focus on the Regulation of Mitochondria and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilena Lepretti ◽  
Stefania Martucciello ◽  
Mario Burgos Aceves ◽  
Rosalba Putti ◽  
Lillà Lionetti
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3

scholarly journals Omega-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular disease: epidemiology and effects on cardiometabolic risk factors

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 2004-2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor A. Mori
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Fish Oils ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Disease Epidemiology

Clinical and epidemiological studies provide support that the polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid from fish and fish oils are cardioprotective, particularly in the setting of secondary prevention.

Enhancing near infrared spectroscopy models to identify omega-3 fish oils used in the nutraceutical industry by means of calibration range extension

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanette van der Merwe ◽  
Marena Manley ◽  
Merrill Wicht
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Fish Oils ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alternative Method

The high demand for omega-3 fish oil nutraceuticals (dietary supplements) is due to the numerous health benefits contributed by the polyunsaturated fatty acids. The nutraceutical industry is required to follow good manufacturing practice standards in order to ensure label claims and prevent adulteration. It is vital that the quality control procedures will be able to detect adulterated products. It is thus necessary to ensure that the analytical techniques are adequate by using validated methods. The qualification or identification of natural fish oils is a difficult task due to overlapping concentration ranges of polyunsaturated fatty acids and other similar properties. Gas chromatography is the prescribed technique in the nutraceutical industry for analysis of omega-3 fatty acids, but it is time-consuming and costly. Near infrared spectroscopy is a rapid and cost-effective technique which can replace the prescribed method if it is proven to be equivalent, through validation, to the criteria as prescribed by the pharmacopoeias and other industry guidelines. In this study, near infrared spectroscopy in combination with chemometrics was considered as an alternative method to gas chromatography to identify various commercial fish oils and to quantify the polyunsaturated fatty acids. Identification methods were developed for nine commercial omega-3 fish oils by using spectral libraries. Quantitative near infrared methods were developed for arachidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid in fish oils expressed as mg.g−1 as well as % area using partial least squares regression and independent validation by superimposing datasets with mutual properties. Based on the statistics in terms of standard error of calibration, R2, standard error of prediction and r of the polyunsaturated fatty acid models, the near infrared method was equivalent to the prescribed gas chromatography methods, and precision results obtained were also within the prescribed criteria. Near infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics can be used for conclusive identification and quantification of omega-3 fish oils, thereby minimizing the risk of adulteration. The method also complied with the prescribed pharmaceutical method validation criteria, and therefore was proven as an alternative method to gas chromatography for the nutraceutical industry.

The fatty acid composition of grass silages

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 35-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Dewhurst ◽  
P.J. King
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oils ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Grass Silage

Ruminant products have been criticised for the possible adverse effects of their saturated fatty acids on human health. Conversely, the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, notably those in fish oils, have been identified as beneficial components of the human diet. Earlier studies have shown that a small, but useful, amount of forage α-linolenic acid (C18:3), an omega-3 fatty acid, appears in ruminant products (Wood and Enser, 1996). The objective of the current work was to evaluate the range of α-linolenic acid concentrations in laboratory grass silages in order to assess the opportunities to modify ensiling techniques to increase the natural delivery of omega-3 fatty acid from grass silage to milk or meat.

Flaxseed oil rich in omega-3 protects aorta against inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress partially mediated by GPR120 receptor in obese, diabetic and dyslipidemic mice models

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 9-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Moura-Assis ◽  
Milessa Silva Afonso ◽  
Vanessa de Oliveira ◽  
Joseane Morari ◽  
Gustavo Aparecido dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ◽  
Flaxseed Oil ◽  
Omega 3

Omega-3 fatty acids (from fish oils) for cystic fibrosis

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
NNR Beckles-Willson ◽  
T Elliott ◽  
MML Everard
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oils ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3
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