scholarly journals The Impact of Household Chaos and Dietary Intake on Executive Function in Young Children

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4442
Author(s):  
Samantha Iwinski ◽  
Sharon M. Donovan ◽  
Barbara Fiese ◽  
Kelly Bost
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Household Chaos ◽  
Behavior Rating Inventory ◽  
Independent Association ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Children’s executive functions (EFs) emerge over time and can be shaped by household environments and dietary intake. However, there is a lack of knowledge about how these factors influence EFs in children aged 18–24 months. This study tested a model exploring the relations between parent-reported dietary intake, household chaos, and child EF. The sample consisted of 294 families participating in the STRONG Kids2 birth cohort study of nutrition and child health. Caregivers completed the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), the Confusion, Hubbub, and Order Scale (CHAOS), and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function®-Preschool Version (BRIEF-P) to assess model variables. Regression analyses revealed a significant and independent association between assorted snacks and processed foods and two EF subscales. There were also significant associations between household chaos and each EF subscale. There was no significant moderation effect. These findings suggest that family households characterized by dysregulation are associated with children’s EF difficulties during early childhood and that the role of unhealthy dietary intake in child EF should be explored further. Future longitudinal studies that include multi-method approaches are needed to document the mechanisms through which household chaos impacts child EF over time.

scholarly journals Inhibitory and Emotional Control Deficits as Mediators between Protective Factors and Symptoms of Problem Behaviors in Delinquency

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S10) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Behavior Rating Inventory ◽  
Planning Decision ◽  
Rule Breaking ◽  
Psychological Instruments ◽  
The Impact

Much research has examined the role of inhibitory and emotional controls in the educational setting with an emphasis on learning and coaching. However, they underestimate the effect and role of inhibitory and emotional controls in delinquent behaviors. Therefore, the current study examined the impact of inhibitory and emotional controls as mediators between protective factors and symptoms of problem behaviors. Respondents of the survey consisted of 404 delinquents convicted of several crimes such as armed robbery, drug trafficking, and drug use, gang fights, rape, homicide, and out of control behaviors. Three psychological instruments; Developmental Assets Questionnaire-Malaysian Version (DAQ-MV), Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function- Self Report (BRIEF-SR) and Achenbach System of Empirical Behavior Assessment- Youth Self-Report (ASEBA-YSR) were used to collect data. The result showed that there was no evidence that planning/decision making influenced rule-breaking behavior independent of its effect on inhibitory and emotional controls (c’ = -.113, p = .062). On the contrary, there was evidence that resistance skill/resilience influenced rule-breaking behavior independently of its effect on inhibitory and emotional controls (c’ = -.204, p = .000). Morality and religiosity also have been found to influence rule-breaking behavior independently of its effect on inhibitory and emotional controls (c’ = -.231, p = .000). The results contributed to an enhancement of early prevention strategy based on executive function, especially in institutions like prison and rehabilitation school

scholarly journals The nexus between corporate philanthropy and customer citizenship behavior: The role of corporate reputation and customer socialization.

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33
Author(s):  
Linart Janbout
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Reputation ◽  
Corporate Philanthropy ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Customer Citizenship Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Corporate philanthropy is one of the most debated topics among scholars for socially responsible firms. This study examines the impact of corporate philanthropy on customer citizenship behavior. Furthermore, this study aims to investigate the mediation effect of corporate reputation as well as the moderation effect of customer socialization on the relationship between corporate philanthropy and customer citizenship behavior. The population of this study consists of 393 students from one university in North Cyprus. Using the regression analysis method, the findings of this study revealed that corporate philanthropy positively affects customer citizenship behavior and such a relationship is partially mediated by corporate reputation. The result of the interaction effect reported for a positive significant effect of customer socialization on the relationship between corporate philanthropy and customer citizenship behavior. The research contributes to the literature by providing empirical findings on the relationship between corporate philanthropy and customer citizenship behavior as well as examining the underline mechanisms of how and under what conditions corporate philanthropy enhances customer citizenship behavior.

scholarly journals The Role of the UN Security Council in COVID-19 Crisis Management

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-122
Author(s):  
Svetlana Cebotari ◽  
Selena Stejaru
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
International System ◽  
Dynamic Evolution ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Currently, we experience a conditional reality imposed by the COVID19 pandemic, with both immediate and long-lasting repercussions on the international system and the behavior of each state. For this reason and because the new virus has a dynamic evolution in time and space, research of the impact of the new virus is needed not only from a biogenetic perspective but also in the context of other fields, including the international relations realm. The events we are witnessing at the present challenge to keep up with transformations taking place in the international arena, especially those in the field of virology. As epidemics over time, viruses that cause them to change and occur constantly remain only the fact that they will always influence not only interpersonal relations but impose conditions for new realities in the system of international relations. This article aims to highlight the main gaps in the work of the institution responsible for maintaining peace and security in the international arena, especially in the context of the COVID-19 crisis.

scholarly journals The Impact of Goal Disturbance after Cancer on Cortisol Levels over Time and the Moderating Role of COMT

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e0135708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moniek Janse ◽  
Martijn van Faassen ◽  
Ido Kema ◽  
Ans Smink ◽  
Adelita V. Ranchor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
After Cancer ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Prospective Associations of Erythrocyte Composition and Dietary Intake of n-3 and n-6 PUFA with Measures of Cognitive Function

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherman Bigornia ◽  
Tammy Scott ◽  
William Harris ◽  
Katherine Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Dietary Pufa ◽  
The Impact

Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) consumption is recommended as part of a healthy diet, but evidence of the impact of individual species and biological concentrations on cognitive function is limited. We examined prospective associations of PUFA erythrocyte composition and dietary intake with measures of cognitive function among participants of the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (aged 57 years). Erythrocyte and dietary PUFA composition were ascertained at baseline and associated with 2-year scores on the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) (n = 1032) and cognitive domain patterns derived from a battery of tests (n = 865), as well as with incidence of cognitive impairment. Erythrocyte and dietary n-3 PUFA were not significantly associated with MMSE score. However, total erythrocyte and dietary n-3 very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA), and intake of individual species, were associated with better executive function (P-trend < 0.05, for all). There was evidence that greater erythrocyte n-6 eicosadienoic acid concentration was associated with lower MMSE and executive function scores (P-trend = 0.02). Only erythrocyte arachidonic acid (ARA) concentration predicted cognitive impairment (Odds Ratio = 1.26; P = 0.01). Among Puerto Rican adults, we found that n-3 VLCFA consumption may beneficially impact executive function. Further, these findings provide some evidence that n-6 metabolism favoring greater ARA tissue incorporation, but not necessarily dietary intake, could increase the risk of cognitive impairment.

Religion and Voter Choice Homogeneity in the Nigerian Presidential Elections of the Fourth Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cletus Famous Nwankwo
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Elections ◽  
Party Identification ◽  
Vote Choice ◽  
Voting Behaviour ◽  
Fourth Republic ◽  
Voter Choice ◽  
Specific Manifestation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Abstract This article examines the influence of religion on voter choice homogeneity (VCH) in the Nigerian presidential elections of the fourth republic (1999–2015). The result indicates that in the first two elections, religion did not have a significant impact on VCH but had increasing influence from 2011. Thus, compared with the 1999 and 2003 elections, the effect of faith in 2011 and 2015 elections was positive, but the impact of religion was highest in 2015, having a significant and robust effect on VCH. Thus, the paper demonstrates that impact of faith in the presidential elections in the fourth republic has strengthened over time. This finding is, however, put in the context of each election regarding the role of candidates’ popularity, party-identification, ethnicity, candidates’ performance, the number of candidates contesting the election and the position of prominent leaders of the different regions of the country. The paper demonstrates that placing the influence of religion on vote choice in the context of each election and place-specific manifestation of VCH is pertinent in understanding better how religion shapes voting behaviour in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Internal R&D and Acquisition Performance of Chinese Pharmaceutical Firms: Moderation Effect of Acquisition Motive and Corporate Ownership

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Yue ◽  
Xing Hua ◽  
Jianyuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Path Dependence ◽  
Corporate Ownership ◽  
Acquisition Performance ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Pharmaceutical Firms ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Although corporate capability has been recognized as a key factor affecting corporate acquisition performance, the role of R&D capability in acquisition performance has not been fully explained. The aim of this paper was to research the impact of internal R&D on acquisition performance according to a sample of 215 acquisitions of Chinese listed pharmaceutical companies from 2012 to 2016. First, it was found that R&D has a significant negative effect on acquisition performance. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the acquisition motive and the ownership of the acquiring firm have a moderating effect on the relationship between R&D and acquisition performance. Compared to non-technical acquisitions, the negative effect of internal R&D on acquisition performance was reduced for technical acquisitions. Compared with non-state-owned-enterprise acquisition, the negative effect of internal R&D on the acquisition performance of state-owned enterprises was weakened. Our study enriches the research of the path dependence theory on the acquisition performance of enterprises and also the interpretation of acquisition performance on the basis of internal and external innovation and the institutional theory.

C-53 The Challenges of Neuropsychological Rehabilitation for Children Diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Due to Complex Diagnostic Factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1082-1082
Author(s):  
A Starza-Smith ◽  
E Talbot ◽  
D Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Assessment Data ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Neuropsychological Rehabilitation ◽  
Behavior Rating Inventory ◽  
Children's Memory ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scale Behavior

Abstract Objective With an incidence of 9.83 per million children per year, paediatric onset multiple sclerosis (MS) is rare. It does, however, present challenges for differential diagnosis alongside other demyelinating syndromes, such as Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and various recurrent acquired demyelinating conditions, making diagnosis complex in this population. We highlight the different trajectories related to diagnosis and the impact of this on the child, family and wider healthcare and education systems surrounding them. Method Serial neuropsychological assessment data (Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System; Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Children’s Memory Scale, Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function) is presented for two children with an initial diagnosis of ADEM; one subsequently was diagnosed with MS later altered to Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) antibody associated relapsing demyelination. Results Case 1: presents with average IQ and memory, significant deficits in executive function, including behavioural regulation and hyperactivity. Diagnostic journey indicated as recurrent ADEM leading to diagnosis of MS at 16 years old, later changed to MOG antibody associated relapsing demyelination. Case 2: presents significant deficits in IQ and memory and executive function following ADEM diagnosis at young age. Conclusions We consider how recent advances in medical investigation have uncovered numerous demyelinating syndromes impacting on the challenge of diagnosis of ADEM, MS and other demyelinating conditions. We question whether we are meeting the neuropsychological needs of children/adolescents with ADEM, MS and other demyelinating conditions in paediatric neuropsychology practice due to limited understanding of the complex and differential diagnoses and discuss whether ADEM and MS form a diagnostic continuum.

Individuality and habits in institutional economics

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 791-809
Author(s):  
Heath Spong
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Institutional Economics ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Structure Framework ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

AbstractIn this paper a sophisticated conception of individuality is developed that extends beyond simple heterogeneity and is consistent with the approach of institutional economics. Studies of human biological and psychological development are used to illustrate the foundations of human individuality and the impact of the social environment on individual development. The link between the social environment and ongoing agential properties is established through the role of habits, which provide some continuity to individual personalities over time and assist them in navigating the social context they inhabit. Reflexivity is established via an agency-structure framework that endows individuals a changeable self-concept and an ability to interpret their relationship to the social context. The coordination of different individuals is explained not simply through reference to institutional structure, but also through the agent-level properties of shared habits. While reducing differences between individuals to one of degrees, shared habits are shown to be particularly important in the context of agent-sensitive institutions. Finally, the potential for different institutional experiences to impact the reflexivity of individuals is explored.

Technical Assessment of Constructions in Real Estate Appraisal

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 639-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Albu
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Real Estate Appraisal ◽  
Cost Approach ◽  
Technical Assessment ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

One of the modern society priorities is the tendency towards sustainable social and economic development. Sustainable development is possible through the preservation and efficient use of the values created by our ancestors and the ability to meet current needs so as not to endanger the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Real estate appraisal activity evaluates the changes in property value over time. Physical or legal actions on the property are justified only if the future value is not affected.Theory and practice of appraisal activity quantifies three approaches to value:The Sales Comparison Approach – value is examined in terms of current market preferences;The Income Approach – determine the income the property is expected to generate over time as a result of the most probable use;The Cost Approach – value is perceived in terms of replacement cost of real estate with one with comparable utility.Technical assessment of constructions is applied as a rule mainly in the cost approach, and has a major impact on the estimate of market value. The role of technical assessment is reduced, even ignored and not taken into account in other approaches.The present research examined the role of technical assessment of constructions in the process of real estate appraisal and the impact of inspection on the real estate value.

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