Nutritional Status and Serum Levels of Micronutrients in an Elderly Group Who Participate in the Program for Complementary Food in Older People (PACAM) from the Metropolitan Region, Santiago de Chile

The increase in the Chilean elderly population has promoted public policies to favor an adequate nutrition in later life. This study evaluated the nutritional status, micronutrients intake and serum micronutrients levels of an elderly group beneficiary of the PACAM from the Metropolitan Region, Santiago de Chile. Anthropometric and dietary survey (24 h food recalls) were assessed in 182 elderly individuals (60 and 80 years old). Blood serum collection was used to measure the micronutrient status. The sample was comprised by 12.6, 46.1, 28.0 and 13.2% of underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese subjects, respectively. Women presented 11% of underweight, 45% of normal weight and 44% of overweight and obese, while men—18, 50 and 32%, respectively. Only the 63% of the elderlies consumed PACAM foods, reaching average daily intakes below (50%) the recommended daily serving. Serum deficiencies of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (88%), vitamin B12 (33%) and calcium (36%) were observed, being the highest ones in the PACAM foods women (60–75 years old). Chilean elderlies presented mainly a normal weight; however, an important proportion of overweight/obese subjects was observed. Although PACAM foods consumption significantly increased the micronutrient intake, it was not enough to ensure an adequate serum micronutrient levels in the elderly.

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Validity and reliability of self-reported weight and height measures for the diagnoses of adolescent's nutritional status

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia ◽

10.1590/s1415-790x2009000400012 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 627-635 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Carla Cristina Enes ◽

Priscila Maria Fúncia Fernandez ◽

Silvia Maria Voci ◽

Natacha Toral ◽

Alexandre Romero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Positive Predictive Value ◽

Weight Coefficient ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

School Students ◽

Public School Students ◽

Obese Subjects

PURPOSE: To assess the validity and reliability of self-reported height, weight, and Body Mass Index (BMI) to diagnose the nutritional status of adolescents. METHODS: The study included 360 public school students of both genders, with ages ranging from 10 to 15 years. Adolescents self-reported their weight and height, and these values were later obtained directly by interviewers. The validity of BMI based on self-reported measures was calculated using sensitivity and specificity indexes, and positive predictive value (PPV). Agreement between self-reported and measured BMI was evaluated using Kappa's weight coefficient, the Lin correlation coefficient, and Bland-Altman and Lin's plots. RESULTS: Both girls and boys underestimated their weight (-1.0 girls and boys) and height (girls - 1.2 and boys - 0.8) (p < 0.001). BMI presented moderate agreement between measured and self-reported values. Sensitivity of estimated BMI based on reported measures to classify obese subjects was higher for boys (87.5%) than it was for girls (60.9%), whereas specificity was higher for girls (92.7%) than it was for boys (80.6%). PPV was high only for classification of normal-weight adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported measures of weight and height in adolescents do not present valid measures; therefore, they should not be used to replace measured values. Additionally, we observed that 10% of obese boys and 40% of obese girls could have remained unidentified if we had used only self-reported measures, emphasizing the effects of the low reliability of self-reporting.

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Deliberate Self-Harm and the Elderly: A Volatile Combination—An Overview from the Plastic Surgery Perspective

Plastic Surgery International ◽

10.1155/2012/740378 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. Packer ◽

M. A. Hussain ◽

S. H. A. Shah ◽

J. R. Srinivasan

Keyword(s):

Plastic Surgery ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Previous History ◽

Later Life ◽

The Elderly ◽

Elderly Group ◽

History Of ◽

Group A ◽

Almost All ◽

Surgery Department

Aims. To study the factors associated with the DSH in the elderly group of 60 years and above and to recommend changes to be implemented in order to improve the management in this specific group. Materials and Methods. Five-year retrospective study was undertaken from July 2005 to July 2010 in the Plastic Surgery Department of the Royal Preston Hospital, NHS Trust. A Performa was designed to collect data about the inpatient admission and included certain areas of key information. The case notes for all patients were extensively analysed in order to gather adequate information for the devised Performa. Results. DSH is getting more common in the elderly group, and males are more affected than females. 60% of the patients had a previous history of DSH. A large number (80%) of patients had a previous history of mental illness. 60% of those DSH patients were living with family. Almost all patients (90%) were reviewed by the Psychiatry Liaison Team. The timing of patients being assessed was highly variable. Conclusions. Marriage is not a protective factor in the prevention of the DSH in the elderly group. A mental health team referral in the early phases of the management would be of huge benefit and a likely step to prevent possible future admissions. The Department would benefit from the creation of a protocol for the management of these patients. There should be a joint effort of the professionals in the management of DSH in the elderly, and GPs play a very important role in the prevention of DSH in the later life.

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The Impact ofLEPG-2548A andLEPRGln223Arg Polymorphisms on Adiposity, Leptin, and Leptin-Receptor Serum Levels in a Mexican Mestizo Population

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/539408 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Efraín Chavarria-Avila ◽

Mónica Vázquez-Del Mercado ◽

Eduardo Gomez-Bañuelos ◽

Sandra-Luz Ruiz-Quezada ◽

Jorge Castro-Albarran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Fat ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Leptin Receptor ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Body Fat Mass ◽

Western Mexico ◽

Pcr Rflp ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

The Impact

The polymorphisms in leptin (LEPG-2548A) and leptin-receptor (LEPRGln223Arg) seem to influence obesity and lipid metabolism among others. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of these polymorphisms on adiposity, leptin (sLeptin), and leptin-receptor (sLeptin-receptor) serum concentrations as well as inflammation markers. We included 382 adults originally from Western Mexico. They were genotyped by PCR-RFLP. Obese individuals showed higher sLeptin (58.2±31.35 ng/mL) but lower sLeptin-receptor (12.6±3.74 ng/mL) levels than normal weight ones (17.6±14.62 ng/mL,17.4±4.62 ng/mL, resp.),P<0.001. Obese subjects carriers of Arg/Arg genotype had more (P=0.016) sLeptin-receptor (14.7±4.96 ng/mL) and less (P=0.004) sLeptin (44.0±28.12 ng/mL) levels than Gln/Gln genotype (11.0±2.92 ng/mL,80.3±33.24 ng/mL, resp.). Body fat mass was lower (Pfrom 0.003 to 0.045) for A/A (36.5%±6.80) or Arg/Arg (36.8%±6.82) genotypes with respect to G/G (41.3%±5.52) and G/A (41.6%±5.61) or Gln/Gln (43.7%±4.74) and Gln/Arg (41.0%±5.52) genotypes carriers. Our results suggest thatLEP-2548A andLEPR223Arg could be genetic markers of less body fat mass accumulation in obese subjects from Western Mexico.

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Measuring changes in serum, hair and urinary levels of cobalt, copper, manganese, and iron in obesity and hypertention using the ICP-MS technique

ZHurnal «Patologicheskaia fiziologiia i eksperimental`naia terapiia» ◽

10.25557/0031-2991.2020.02.89-95 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 89-95

Author(s):

А.А. Тиньков ◽

О.П. Айсувакова ◽

М.Г. Скальная ◽

М.Ю. Карганов ◽

S. J.-S. Chang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Data Acquisition ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Elevated Serum ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Single Element ◽

Obese Patients ◽

Urinary Levels ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

Clinical Records

Введение. Нарушения металлолигандного гомеостаза патогенетически связаны с развитием ожирения. Несмотря на то, что обмен железа при ожирении изучен достаточно детальноно, данные касающиеся обмена других металлов недостаточны. Цель исследования -- изучение содержания кобальта, железа, меди и марганца в сыворотке крови, моче и волосах пациентов с ожирением в зависимости от наличия у них артериальной гипертонии. Методика. Обследованы 395 лиц обоего пола: 196 с ожирением и 199 с нормальной массой тела. На основании данных амбулаторных карт среди обследуемых пациентов с ожирением артериальная гипертония была диагностирована у 43%, атеросклероз у 9% и нарушение толерантности к глюкозе и/или сахарный диабет 2 типа -- 11%. Анализ содержания кобальта (Co), железа (Fe), меди (Cu) и марганца (Mn) в волосах, сыворотке крови и моче проводили с использованием масс-спектрометра с индуктивно-связанной плазмой NexION 300D (PerkinElmer Inc., США) оснащенном ESI SC-2 DX4 autosampler (Elemental Scientific Inc., США). Калибровка ICP-DRC-MS системы проводилась с использованием растворов металлов, приготовленных на основе Universal Data Acquisition Standards Kit (PerkinElmer Inc., США). Внутренняя стандартизация проводилась с использованием растворов иттрия и родия 10 мг/л Pure Single-Element Standard (PerkinElmer Inc., США). Контроль качества проводился с использованием референтных образцов волос (GBW09101, SINR, Китай), сыворотки и мочи (ClinChek Plasma/Urine Control, Recipe, Германия). Результаты. Установлено, что в сыворотке крови пациентов с ожирением концентрация Co и Fe снижалась статистически значимо на 32% и 12% соответственно. Уровень Cu и Mn превышал соответствующие контрольные значения на 12% и 4%. Содержание Co, Cu и Mn в волосах обследуемых пациентов с ожирением было ниже контроля на 16%, 8% и 20%, соответственно. Отмечалось статистически значимое увеличение содержания железа в волосах на 55% по сравнению с контролем. Концентрация Co и Fe в моче пациентов с ожирением была соответственно ниже на 34% и выше на 25% относительно контрольных значений. При этом у пациентов с ожирением и гипертонией обнаруживалось статистически значимое повышение концентрации меди в сыворотке крови (на 9%), кобальта в моче (на 69%), а также содержания марганца в волосах (на 69%) по сравнению с соответствующими показателями у пациентов с ожирением без гипертонии. Заключение. Можно предположить, что дисбаланс металлов в организме вносит вклад в формирование ожирение-ассоциированных патологий, в том числе в развитие артериальной гипертензии. Background. Disorders of the metal-ligand homeostasis are pathogenetically associated with obesity. Although impaired iron metabolism in obesity is relatively well studied information about other essential metals is insufficient. Objective. The objective of the study was to assess serum, urine, and hair levels of cobalt, iron, copper, and manganese in obese subjects in relation to the presence of hypertension. Methods. 396 adults with obesity (n = 196) and normal weight (n = 199) were examined. Based on clinical records of the patients with obesity, 43% of them had arterial hypertension, 9% had atherosclerosis, and 11% had impaired glucose tolerance and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Measurements of hair, serum, and urinary levels of cobalt (Co), iron (Fe), copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn) were performed using a NexIOD 300D inductively-coupled plasma mass-spectrometer (PerkinElmer Inc., USA) equipped with an ESI SC-2 DX4 autosampler (Elemental Scientific Inc., USA). The ICP-DRC-MS system was calibrated with metal solutions prepared with a Universal Data Acquisition Standards Kit (PerkinElmer Inc., USA). Pure Single-Element Standard yttrium and rhodium solutions (10 mg/l) (PerkinElmer Inc., USA) were used as internal standards. Reference samples of hair (GBW09101, SINR, China), serum, and urine (ClinChek Plasma/Urine Control, Recipe, Germany) were used for quality control. Results. Serum levels of Co and Fe were statistically significantly 32% and 12%, respectively, lower in obese patients than in normal-weight controls. Serum concentrations of Cu and Mn in obese patients exceeded the control values by 12% and 4%, respectively. Hair contents of Co, Cu, and Mn in obese subjects were 16%, 8%, and 20%, respectively, lower as compared to the respective control values. Hair Fe in obesity was 55% elevated compared to normal-weight values. Urinary Co and Fe in obese subjects were 34% lower and 25% higher, respectively, than in healthy controls. At the same time, patients with obesity and hypertension had elevated serum Cu, urinary Co, and hair Mn compared to obese normotensive subjects. Conclusion. The impaired metal homeostasis may contribute to the development of obesity-associated disorders including hypertension.

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Adropin and Apelin -12, two better predictors of metabolic syndrome in obese children

10.21203/rs.3.rs-17352/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Chunyan Yin ◽

hong ai zhang ◽

Meizheng Zhang ◽

yanfeng y xiao

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Obese Children ◽

Anthropometric Parameters ◽

Specificity And Sensitivity ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

Prospective Association

Abstract Objective Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the most extensively described condition associated with childhood and adolescent obesity and is a challenging public health issue. Studies regarding the specificity and sensitivity of serum levels of adropin and apelin -12 as predictors of MetS are limited. The aim was to evaluate the prospective association between adropin and apelin -12 concentrations and MetS and sensitivity as predictors of MetS in the obese children. Methods This study involved 138 children. The study group included obese subjects with MetS and the two control groups included obese without MetS and normal weight subjects. Anthropometric parameters and clinical data were collected. Plasma levels of apelin -12, adropin, leptin, adiponectin and TNF-α were measured. Results Obese children with MetS had significantly higher levels of apelin -12 and significantly lower levels of adropin compared to those without MetS. In logistic regressions, we identified that apelin -12 was risk factor for metabolic syndrome and adropin was the protecting factors of having MetS after adjustment for age, sex and puberty. Furthermore, adropin and apelin -12 are two more sensitive predictors of metabolic syndrome than leptin and adiponect using ROC method. Conclusion Serum adropin and apelin -12 levels can be useful biomarkers for evaluation of the risk of MetS in obese children. This may provide a novel approach for treatment or prevention of MetS development.

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Adropin and Apelin -12, two better predictors of metabolic syndrome in obese children

10.21203/rs.3.rs-22541/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

yanfeng xiao ◽

hong ai zhang ◽

mei zhen zhang ◽

chunyan yin

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Obese Children ◽

Anthropometric Parameters ◽

Specificity And Sensitivity ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

Prospective Association

Abstract Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the most extensively described condition associated with childhood and adolescent obesity and is a challenging public health issue. Studies regarding the specificity and sensitivity of serum levels of adropin and apelin -12 as predictors of MetS are limited. The aim was to evaluate the prospective association between adropin and apelin -12 concentrations and MetS and sensitivity as predictors of MetS in the obese children.Methods:: This study involved 138 children. The study group included obese subjects with MetS and the two control groups included obese without MetS and normal weight subjects. Anthropometric parameters and clinical data were collected. Plasma levels of apelin -12, adropin, leptin, adiponectin and TNF-α were measured. Results: Obese children with MetS had significantly higher levels of apelin -12 and significantly lower levels of adropin compared to those without MetS. In logistic regressions, we identified that apelin -12 was risk factor for metabolic syndrome and adropin was the protecting factors of having MetS after adjustment for age, sex and puberty. Furthermore, adropin and apelin -12 are two more sensitive predictors of metabolic syndrome than leptin and adiponect using ROC method. Conclusion: Serum adropin and apelin -12 levels can be useful biomarkers for evaluation of the risk of MetS in obese children. This may provide a novel approach for treatment or prevention of MetS development.

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N-Acylphosphatidylethanolamines and N-acylethanolamines increase in saliva upon food mastication: the influence of the individual nutritional status and fat type in food

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/c9fo02205h ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 3382-3392

Author(s):

Lucia De Luca ◽

Rosalia Ferracane ◽

Nancy Calderón Ramírez ◽

Paola Vitaglione

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

The Individual

Salivary N-acylphosphatidylethanolamines and N-acylethanolamines are more abundant in obese subjects than in normal weight subjects and they increase upon mastication depending on the fat type in food.

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Age-related changes in the feedback regulation of gonadotrophin secretion by sex steroids in men

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0960154 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 96 (2) ◽

pp. 154-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Kazuo Muta ◽

Ken-ichi Kato ◽

Yasuo Akamine ◽

Hiroshi Ibayashi

Keyword(s):

Sex Steroids ◽

Regulatory System ◽

Feedback Regulation ◽

Serum Levels ◽

The Elderly ◽

Elderly Group ◽

Functional Changes ◽

Age Related ◽

Serum Lh ◽

Gonadotrophin Secretion

Abstract. In order to clarify the age-related functional changes of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in men, the negative feedback control of serum gonadotrophin by sex steroids was studied in 39 young (18–34 years) and 49 elderly (62–95 years) men. Mean basal LH and FSH levels and the responsiveness to synthetic LRH were determined before and after daily im injection of testosterone propionate (TP; 5, 10 or 50 mg/day) or oestradiol benzoate (OeB; 50, 100 or 500 μg/day) for 3 days. After the administration of TP or OeB, serum levels of testosterone or oestradiol were more elevated in the elderly than in the younger group. In the latter, basal LH level decreased significantly at 10 mg/day of TP and so did basal levels of both LH and FSH at 50 and 100 μg/day of OeB. Responses of serum LH and FSH to LRH were inhibited significantly by TP at a dose of 50 mg/day and by OeB at doses of 100 and 500 μg/day. Whereas in the elderly group, basal LH levels and responses of both LH and FSH were not suppressed significantly by TP regardless of the dose. At a dose of 500 μg OeB, serum LH response was decreased remarkably. Per cent suppression of serum LH response at 50 mg TP, as well as those of serum LH and FSH responses at 500 μg OeB in the elderly group, was significantly less than in the younger group. These data indicate that in the elderly men the regulatory system of gonadotrophin secretion appears to manifest a more marked resistance to inhibitory effects of sex steroids, and also suggest that the set-point to sex steroids in the hypothalamic-pituitary axis is reset at a higher level in male senescence.

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Levantamento do estado nutricional e de complicações associadas à terapia nutricional enteral domiciliar em idosos

Abr-Jun - Braspen Journal ◽

10.37111/braspenj.2020352004 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (35) ◽

pp. 125-129

Author(s):

Mariangela da Silva Alves Batista ◽

Fabíola de Souza Silva

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Pressure Ulcer ◽

Tube Feeding ◽

The Elderly ◽

Feeding Tube ◽

Metropolitan Region ◽

Noncommunicable Diseases ◽

Nasogastric Feeding ◽

Enteral Tube Feeding

Introduction: The high prevalence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and neurodegenerative diseases in elderly has been increasing the hospitalizations risk and, consequently, the malnutrition risk, which leads to a greater need for enteral tube feeding (ETF). Thus, this article aims to conduct a survey about nutritional status and complications related to home enteral tube feeding (HETF) in elderly. Methods: This is a descriptive observational study conducted in a medium-sized municipality of Greater São Paulo (Metropolitan region). To collect data, a survey of medical records and home visits was carried out from January 2012 to April 2018. Patients aged 60 years and over who had information on bowel habits, presence of pressure ulcers, position of feeding tube and anthropometric data of calf circumference (CC) and arm circumference (AC) were eligible. The values found for CC and AC were interpreted according to the reference cut-off points. Results: The study included 43 elderly people, 67.4% female and 32.6% male. The nasogastric feeding tube was present in 62,8% of the patients. Pressure ulcer was the most prevalent (58.1%) complications associated with HETF. Diarrhea was present in 4.7% of the elderly and constipation in 44.2%. In regard of nutritional status, muscle mass depletion was present in 88.4% of the elderly and severe mass deficit in 62.9% of them. Conclusions: The assessment of the nutritional status and complications associated with HETF in elderly showed that more than a half had some muscle mass deficit and the pressure ulcer was the most prevalent complication, followed by constipation and diarrhea.

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Association between oxidative stress and nutritional status in the elderly

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1806-9282.60.01.016 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 75-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Priscila Lucelia Moreira ◽

Paulo Jose Fortes Villas Boas ◽

Ana Lucia Anjos Ferreira

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Inverse Relationship ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽

Clinical Evidence ◽

The Elderly ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Geriatric Population ◽

Elderly Individuals

Ageing is a dynamic and progressive process that is characterized by the occurrence of morphological, biochemical, functional and psychological changes in the organism. The aim of the present article is to provide updated concepts on oxidative stress, covering its importance in aging, as well as nutritional status and supplementation with antioxidants (substances that prevent or attenuate oxidation of oxidizable substrates, such as lipids, proteins, carbohydrates and deoxyribonucleic acid) in the geriatric population. Evidence suggests that there is an inverse relationship between oxidative stress and nutritional status in elderly individuals. Although an increase in oxidative stress in chronic diseases associated with aging has been proven, such as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease, up to now there has been no consistent clinical evidence proving the efficiency of supplementation with antioxidants against oxidative stress. In this context, supplementation is not recommended. On the other hand, the elderly should be encouraged to eat antioxidant foods, such as fruits and vegetables. Maintaining a normal weight (body mass index between 23 and 28 Kg/m2) should also be stimulated.

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